Abstract: An internal combustion engine charging unit is disclosed which includes a displacement compressor connected to a drive shaft of an internal combustion engine so as to be driven by the internal combustion engine. The displacement compressor is preferably a screw compressor including a main rotor and a secondary rotor. An exhaust gas turbine is connected to an exhaust line of the internal combustion engine. The shaft of the gas turbine is preferably connected to one of the main rotor, secondary rotor or both the main rotor and the secondary rotor.

Abstract: An installation for the low temperature carbonization of waste under the exclusion of air with a low temperature carbonization cylinder, in particular device for after-burning of residual materials for the low-temperature carbonization installation, has an improved energy balance by carrying out a low-temperature carbonization so as to increase the ratio of internal energy requirement to energy release in favor of energy release. The carbon containing residual materials from the low-temperature carbonization cylinder are exposed to a complete after-burning on an inclined step grate and also a subsequent after-burning in a chamber. The burning gases for the burning devices of the step-grate are low temperature carbonization gasses obtained from the low-temperature carbonization installation. Gases from a waste heat boiler arranged after the after-burn chamber are utilized as heating gases for a low-temperature carbonization installation cylinder.

Abstract: A movable continuous bulk material conveyer, especially for unloading ships. A steep-rise conveyor is provided that comprises a conveyor belt and a cover belt. The bulk material is thrown by two casting reels into the lower gap between the conveyor belt and the cover belt. Since during the meander-like removal of material from the hold of a ship, the position of the casting reels and the steep-rise conveyor relative to one another constantly changes, the shafts of the casting reels are pivotably connected via a quadrilateral articulation with the lower guide pulleys of the steep-rise conveyor, and are controlled by hydraulic pistons from a computer in such a way that the casting reels always pick up a constant stream of bulk material and throw this material in the direction of the angle bisector of the gap of the steep-rise conveyor.

Abstract: A multi-unit rail vehicle for commuter traffic. To keep the entry and exit of the vehicle only slightly higher than the level of the street, and to make it possible to travel through the entire vehicle without steps, a continuous, level central walkway is provided that is at the same height as the entryway. To accommodate the driving bogie, the wheel sets are driven via drive shafts and reduction gear mechanisms. The drive motors can be disposed to the side below the car body and beyond the pivot range of the bogie. If room permits, vertical motors can also be provided in one corner of the car body, with such a vertical motor also driving the wheel sets via drive shafts and reduction gear mechanisms. Advantageously, two drive motors can be provided that are disposed diagonally across from one another relative to the point of rotation of the bogie, with the drive shafts of the motors being parallel to the wheel sets, and torque being transferred via further drive shafts.

Abstract: An arrangement for cooling a synthetic gas, generated in a gasification reactor, by means of a quenching cooler. The cooler is positioned below the outlet from the reactor and comprises a refrigerated inner jacket (5) surrounded by a pressurization jacket (1) and accommodating a water sump (6). There is an intermediate section (3) between the inner jacket and the outlet from the gasification reactor that is shorter in diameter than the inner jacket and longer in diameter than the outlet from the reactor. Spray nozzles (15) extend into the inner jacket. One or more gas-outlet connections (8) extend through the inner jacket in a plane above the sump.

Abstract: An incinerator plant for waste materials having a large throughput capacity and/or partial-load operation comprises a combination of two rotary tube furnaces feeding into a common secondary combustion chamber provided with burners that can be selectively added in and turned off, and which in turn feeds gaseous products of combustion into a waste heat boiler having two boiler flues which are connected to a common steam drum. The plant requires only one monitoring system and, when provided with a rotary tube furnace and a furnace grate, can be used for the incineration of special refuse and household refuse simultaneously.

Abstract: In the use of a tractor to maneuver an airplane on its nose landing gear, which tractor includes a chassis (10); having a rear access (32) which receives said nose wheels and having two telescoping bars (38) the length of which can be adjusted by means of first hydraulic cylinders (40) and to the rear ends of which (38.2.1) pivotable pulling arms (54) are hingedly connected for engagement behind the nose wheels; and having a support surface (30.3) for the raising of the nose landing gear, which is performed by means of second hydraulic cylinders (44), in order to cause less wear on the nose wheels during loading and raising and to prevent damage to the tractor and/or nose landing gear in the attempt to pull said nose landing gear into the recess by means of the pulling arms, it is suggested:(a) to form the chassis in two parts and to hingedly connect its front portion (10.1) with its rear portion (10.

Abstract: To prevent a compressor from pumping, a blow-off or reorientation valve branched off its outlet is controlled by a controller as a function of the working point location of the compressor relative to a blow-off line defined in the characteristic field. According to the invention, the differential component of the controller behavior, in particular, the time constant governing the differentiation, is so controlled as a function of the working point location that the differentiating effect is great near the blow-off line and sight at a greater distance from the blow-off line.

Abstract: Method of filtering both noisy and fluctuating input signals for a controller which is used for controlling the operation of a turbo compressor comprises obtaining an input signal from the operating device and before delivering an input signal to the controller correcting these signals through a filter whose time constant is small in one direction for example a decreasing or increasing signal amplitude directed toward the pumping limit of the operating device whose time constant is great in the other direction increasing or decreasing signal amplitude particularly away from the limit being controlled. Advantageously the filtered signal is compared with an unfiltered signal and the time constant of the filter is set as the function of the magnitude and the sign of the difference between the filtered and unfiltered signal. In addition the time constant may be reduced to a permanently pre-selected value possibly to zero when a switching threshold in a limit stages unilaterally exceeded.

Abstract: A tube spacing grid for the guidance of tubes such as in steam generators includes mutually intersecting grid rods disposed in two planes and surrounded as a frame by an outer ring. The outer ring has a circling groove on its interior face and the grid rods are inserted in seating slots formed in an interior face of a one-piece inner ring (B). A tongue and groove connection is provided between the grid rods and the inner ring. The inner ring, with the grid rods inserted in the slots and retained at a radial and axial distance from each other, is encircled by a multiple-part, particularly a two-part in axial direction, outer ring.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for controlling the operation of a turbocompressor which has a suction and a discharge with a blow-off valve for regulating the performance thereof includes a sensor in the suction and discharge for sensing an operating condition such as pressure and temperature which is connected to deliver to a comparator a performance signal for the control of the blow-off valve. The control signal which is delivered to the comparator is modified in accordance with a memory which includes a blow-off curve gradient which effects the amplification of the signal which is sent to a controller in accordance with the blow-off conditions which are to be set in motion on the basis of the performance characteristics which have been sensed.

Abstract: A waste incinerator, especially for waste products from the chemical industry, comprising a horizontal, stationary or revolving, combustion chamber, and a vertical, brick lined afterburning chamber with circular cross section. The steel casing of the afterburning chamber is supported on an exterior furnace framework by means of a supporting ring on the chamber above the burner supported on a horizontal supporting frame. An upper steel casing segment of the afterburning chamber is separated from a lower steel casing segment above the entrance of the horizontal combustion chamber by a separating joint. The afterburing chamber above the joint is suspended by a supporting ring engaged over a horizontal frame of the furnace framework. The joint is spanned by a compensator.

Abstract: A pontoon unit capable of folding up in a W-like manner. The two inner pontoons are connected by a center hinge, and the outer pontoons are pivotably connected to the inner pontoons by lower hinges via a lever. As an aid to overcome the buoyancy during unfolding, a tension spring is arranged between the lever and the outer pontoon. This spring is tensioned in the folded condition. After unfolding, the tension spring is virtually relaxed, and would be tensioned again for folding. This is avoided by interposing a variable-length connection member, typically a hydraulic piston/cylinder unit, between the tension spring and the outer pontoon. By being extended, this connection member avoids the need for the tension spring to be tensioned during folding. Only after the folding operation has been completed is the tension spring tensioned again by shortening the connection member.

Abstract: To detect a surge in a turbocompressor, the temperature at the compressor intake, or the difference between temperatures measured at different distances from the compressor intake, is subjected to a differentiation or to an operation equivalent to differentiation, thereby determining the temperature change rate. A surge is indicated when the temperature change rate is above a specified value and possibly other plausibility criteria are met.

Abstract: In a direct-current arc furnace, the service life of the bottom electrode can be extended substantially, if the cooling unit cooling the bottom electrode during the melting operations is not switched off during longer stoppages, as has been customary thus far, but continues to be operated at a reduced cooling output during at least a part of the stoppage. The cooling unit is preferably controlled during the stoppage according to such a program and in dependence of the respective measured temperature of the bottom electrode, so that the temperature of the bottom electrode is maintained within a preset range.

Abstract: A DC arc or resistance melting furnace has a current supply line and a coolant supply line located in the furnace heart in the connection is constructed so that a point of separation is provided between an attachment assembly for the current and cooling lines and the vessel. The attachment assembly is formed at the terminal and fastened to the furnace vessel at a contact point. When changing the contact electrodes, it is a simple matter to undo the point of separation of the electrodes from the assembly without removing the coolant lines or the whole assembly may be removed.

Abstract: A liquid-sealed shaft seal for sealing the lead-through between an inner space and an outer space of a shaft with feed bores for a sealing liquid which is supplied at higher pressure than the pressure in the inner space. The seal includes partial seal gaps extending on both sides of these feed bores, and includes an inner partial seal gap in the form of a threaded shaft seal with recycling toward the sealing liquid feed. A disk with a larger outside diameter than the diameter of the inner partial seal gap is placed between the inner and outer partial seal gaps, and forms a pump chamber with the seal housing. A radial pressure increase of the supplied sealing liquid occurs in the pump chamber at higher speeds of rotation, and bores that are connected to a pressure chamber open into its radially outer area.

Abstract: The contact connection of the contact electrode of an arc or resistance melting furnace with the supply terminal there is arranged at the base plate of the contact electrode a contact pipe which engages into a contact sleeve at the supply terminal includes a contact sleeve which is pressed against the contact pipe by means of a press-on desk.

Abstract: In a rotary tube cooler for indirect cooling of pulverized to granular material with a revolving drum, the drum shell of the rotary tube cooler is formed of a tube system through which a liquid cooling medium is conducted. The tube system comprises either tubes meandering in longitudinal direction of the rotary tube cooler, or be formed of spiral tubes, or the combination of meandering and spiral tubes. The tubes are welded together. The feed of the cooling medium and the discharge of the heated cooling medium occurs via swivel joints. Connected downstream is a device for utilization of the waste heat of the rotary tube cooler.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture of a guide blade for a turbine or compressor guide wheel, uses a profiled bar of heat and corrosion resistant metal that is cut to oversize length. This is in preparation for soldering the bar into a guide wheel, with the bar having at least at one end a baselike thickening which is upset in a cold state, and with a soldering surface formed in its inner zone.