Abstract: Fossil fuel such as crude oil or coal is transported through a pipe by converting some of the constituents of the fossil fuel, such as natural gas, into methanol. The methanol is then used to form an emulsion with the fossil fuel. The emulsion is transported by pipeline.

Abstract: Pipes are moved transversely from one roller track to another one through two, bidirectional devices which in one example have a stationary and an up and down reciprocating member with shoes constructed to provide alternatingly downwardly inclined surfaces. Up and down movement results from pneumatic operation of an inflatable tube. The opposite direction of movement is provided for by a second up and down moving member with oppositely oriented roll-off surfaces.

Abstract: Box and pin members have two axially spaced thread sections being separated by a radial step zone which includes, for one member e.g. the pin member, an annulus having an axial undercut, a frusto-conical end face and a radially outwardly bulging peripheral surface, which sealingly engages a slightly contoured inner surface of the box member in the step zone, while the end face of the annulus bears against a complementary face in the step zone of the box member. These stop faces supplement complementary thread stop faces respectively at the end of the pin member and in the box member. In a second example, the end face of the annulus is spaced from the box member and the flange of sealing sleeve is interposed, while the sleeve itself is situated in the undercut.

Abstract: A novel method and a novel apparatus for continuously forming a very long tube with precise internal and external dimensions from a metal tube blank by reducing the internal diameter of the blank to that of an internal mandrel on which the blank is telescoped, preferable by cold forming the blank onto the mandrel and immediately thereafter, drawing of the tube while it is still on the mandrel to its final external dimension; with no annealing taking place between the two steps.

Abstract: The wire-like, severed welding seam burr is removed from a, possibly, coiled pipe by filling the pipe with water under pressure the water containing solid particles and removing the burr with removal of the water as a column from the pipe.

Abstract: Large diameter pipes are moved past a preheater, an induction heater, prequench nozzles, a sizing mill and post quench nozzles. An inside quenching head is mounted on a support tube, held against the inside wall of a pipe by rollers right at the sizing stand. The sizing rollers maintain or restore circularity of the pipe concurrently with quenching.

Abstract: Tubular blanks are stretch-formed by moving a mandrel into such a blank while holding a die which receives the blank and until mandrel and die are radially aligned. Subsequently, mandrel and die are moved axially to complete the drawing.

Abstract: The feed mechanism for a pilger or Mannesmann rolling mill is driven by an electrical linear motor which is controlled on the basis of two pulse trains. One train is derived from the rolls, the other one from the reciprocating motor. The control is carried out to distinguish between a constant speed phase during a rolling pass, an acceleration phase for advancing the feed mechanism and a deceleration phase to obtain reversal ahead of re-engagement of the bloom by the rolls for the next rolling step.