Abstract: A Sagnac-type fiber-optic gyroscope having a light source, a fiber coil consisting of an optical fiber, a receiver arrangement which are all connected with gates of a directional coupler, in which the light fed into the fiber coil interferes with the light emerging from the fiber coil in a coupling area and the rate of rotation of the fiber-optic gyroscope is determined from the interference signals. In order to achieve a working point which is situated in or close to the quadrature point, the directional coupler is developed as a 4.times.4 coupler between the arms of which fixed phase relations are provided in the coupling area.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for adjusting an aiming telescope and a laser range finder with a weapon system which is equipped with a weapon computer, a data memory and a computer-controlled graticule adjusting device. Laser beams are fired consecutively by a collimation line testing device and by the laser range finder, into a collimator. A reference reticle or an aiming graticule of the aiming telescope are aligned with the laser beam images in the collimator, and the aligned position is stored in the data memory.

Abstract: A system for the control and monitoring of the distribution of goods. A first unit is mounted with the goods to be transported, specifically a control and monitoring unit in which freight-specific data are stored and in which sensors are also provided which sense the momentary condition of the distribution process and write it into corresponding memories. Access to the control and monitoring units takes place by way of a normal interface by means of an active memory card which, in turn, can be connected with an analysis unit by means of which a log of the distribution process can be established.

Abstract: A device for recognizing useful signals, transmitted over a distance and comprising noisy electromagnetic, light signals containing information. A tapped delay line is used for this purpose, whereby a waveguide is manufactured in a spiral groove of a wafer using microtechnology, in order to form a planar light waveguide coil on a chip.

Abstract: An optical sensor device for recognizing optical irradiation and detecting its direction is constructed as a spherical-shell section from dielectric, optically transparent material. The irradiation penetrating into the spherical-shell section is reflected back and forth between the exterior and the interior surface or between a mirror and a thin shell via an air gap or vacuum gap, and is thus deflected to the shell edge. Since signals of different intensities are received at the irradiation detector at the beam edge according to the direction of incidence, the direction of incidence of the irradiation can be determined from the relationship of the signals.

Abstract: A surgical laser instrument suitable for the alternate contant cutting and no-contact coagulating of biological tissue by means of a fiber-optically guided irradiation of a laser. Radiation which is emitted by the pyrolytic glowing of at least partially carbonized biological tissue, is received by the distal end of the fiber-optic light guide, guided back to a radiation detector, and is detected in a spectral region between 0.3 and 0.9 .mu.m, while the laser radiation is filtered out. The radiation output of the laser is controlled by means of the detector output signal, to a value under the destruction threshold of the fiber-optic light guide in such a manner that the radiation emitted during the burning of the biological tissue to be cut as well as of the tissue residues adhering to the distal end of the fiber-optic light guide and burnt into it, does not exceed a predetermined value.

Abstract: An arrangement for bracing a load in which a wedge is moved into frictional engagement between a mounting surface and a surface of the load. A spring biased rod is coupled to the wedge and moves it into and out of engagement with the mounting and load surfaces. A stop is provided to prevent the wedge from penetrating between said surfaces beyond a predetermined limit in order to avoid generating excessive forces between said surfaces.

Abstract: For purposes of protecting electrical installations against electromagnetic disturbances, especially overvoltages, for instance, as a consequence of lightning strikes, wiring lines laid for connecting individual electrical apparatus are surrounded by a shielding, which is formed by a braiding, consisting of electrically conducting material and which is in connection with connector elements arranged at its ends. The connector elements, as well as an additionally provided terminal, branching and attachment elements, comprise, respectively, a transitional part over which the braiding is pulled and on which it is fastened by means of a clamping element. In addition, further sheaths of a plastic braiding are provided between the electrical shielding and the electrical lines.

Abstract: Flat panel elements are placed ahead of structural parts reflecting electromagnetic waves, in the region of radar waves, in order to provide an absorption or reduction of the reflection. For this purpose electrically and/or magnetically conducting materials are embedded into an insulating material in order to form areas of conductivity. The dimensions of these areas of conductivity in all planes are at least 1000 times smaller than the wavelength of the waves to be absorbed, and the electrically and/or magnetically conducting materials amount up to 40% of the weight of the panel area elements.

Abstract: A device for controlling aerodynamic bodies with at least one setting member for generating a transversal force on the aerodynamic body. To achieve a simple compact design, setting members are arranged on a rotor where the rotor extends forward from the tip of the aerodynamic body. The setting members are arranged here so that they set the rotor in rotation by the oncoming flow; they are designed, for instance, as a crossed pair of rudders. In addition, the setting members are located asymmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the aerodynamic body, so that they exert at least in some positions of the rotor a transversal force on the aerodynamic body. The position of the rotor can be influenced by means of a braking system.

Abstract: It is intended to arrange a thermal barrier layer ahead of structural parts reflecting electromagnetic waves in the region of radar waves, in order to provide an absorption or a reduction of the reflection. For this purpose electrically and/or magnetically conductive materials are embedded in a material from an electric insulator for forming conductive regions. The dimensions of these conductive regions are in all planes at least a thousand times smaller than the wavelengths of the waves to be absorbed, wherein the electrically and/or magnetically conductive materials comprise a share of up to 10% of the volume of the thermal barrier layer. Herein it is provided to design the upstream cover from an electric insulator.

Abstract: For limiting the maximum radiation intensity of a radiation source, in particular a laser, a transparent breakdown cell (4, 10, 17) with defined breakdown threshold value is placed within the ray path of the radiation source (2, 8, 15).

Abstract: An hydraulically-pivotable inlet ramp with box-like shaped cross-section for supplying air into engines of supersonic or hypersonic airplanes. The inlet ramp, comprised of a plurality of relatively movable elements, can be adjusted into a number of different positions to optimize air flow under various mach conditions, as well as control a boundary air layer inlet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for the digital measurement of rotational movements betewen two members which rotate with respect to one another, using two light beams which circulate synchronously in opposite directions in fixed spatial relationship relative to one such member, and two sensors mounted in fixed spatial relationship to the other such member. Angular rotation of said members is determined by analysis of the frequency and phase of the output from the sensors.

Abstract: A transmission for driving a swivel joint between two elements which are rotatable relative to each other. Cam disks are moved by means of a multiple eccentric, each such cam disk having an outer edge in the form of a closed cycloidal path and being arranged so that it can be rolled off in a central wheel in a positive engagement with a gearing formed by pins or the like. A driving element engages by means of driving pins, with the cam disks by way of bores arranged being in it, the driving element being subdivided into two driving disks which, are spaced from one another and from the cam disks at a distance of at least the central wheel and are combined by means of the driving pins, the driving disks and the central wheel being rotatably movable relative to one another.

Abstract: A device for controlling an aerodynamic body having a searching head, a sensor and setting members for exerting a transversal force on the aerodynamic body into a target due to the sensor signals. In order to make possible a simple design of this device which can also be used for small aerodynamic bodies, the sensor and the setting members are arranged at a common rotor which rotates, driven about the longitudinal axis of the aerodynamic body, and can be influenced by means of a braking system as to its angular position relative to the aerodynamic body, generating a transversal force on the aerodynamic body.

Abstract: An optical sensor for detecting targets and determining the characteristic motion of a missile approaching a target. In order to have a simple designed sensor and to provide for a simple transformation of the coordinates of the missile and of the target to be determined, the optical sensor has an optical system, which, with the help of a semitransparent mirror, forms an image of the scene lying within the field of view of the optical system onto two detectors. The first detector is a planar detector having a plurality of detector elements disposed in a matrix arrangement, onto which the scene is sharply imaged, whereas the second detector is a cross detector, which is configured outside of the focal point of the optical system. With this detector, the spatial and time derivatives of the light intensity incident on the optical system and, from it, the characteristic motions of the missile are determined.

Abstract: An arrangement for integrating an analog voltage signal and for converting it into a corresponding digital signal, whereby during a measuring cycle, the analog signal is fed via a comparator to a counting circuit, which to provide the time-related control of the operation of the counter is connected to a variable clock frequency generator device controlled by the analog signal. The comparator is connected to a "D"-flipflop, which is connected to an up-down counter with a digital-to-analog converter, on whose counting input is provided the Q-output of the variable clock frequency generator, which changes its clock frequency according to the absolute value of the voltage to be integrated.

Abstract: A parachute pack sack with a submunition body affixed directly to grappling ropes of a parachute is expelled from a rapidly flying container which is mounted under a flight aggregate or flies independently. A pyrotechnic cutting device is actuated by a grappling rope after the tightening of the latter and, by means of a cutting piston driven by a combustion unit, cuts a pack sack closing line which results in an opening of the pack sack and in a deployment of the parachute. The combustion unit may be ignited with an adjustable start of the burning time whereby differing flying ranges and dispersion ranges of the submunition body can be achieved.