Abstract: A coating composition curable by an activation energy ray, which comprises (a) 100 parts by weight of a monomer mixture (A) comprising at least 30% by weight of a compound having at least 3 acryloyloxy and/or methacryloyloxy groups in the molecule and up to 70% by weight of a compound having 1 to 2 .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated bonds in the molecule, (b) 0.01 to 6.0 parts by weight of at least one photosensitizer and (c) 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of an emulsion type crosslinked polymer or copolymer of a reactive monomer having one .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated bond in the molecule and a reactive monomer having at least two .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated bonds in the molecule.

Abstract: A methacrylic resin capable of selectively absorbing light rays having a wavelength of 580 nm is advantageously produced either by dispersing or dissolving neodymium compound in a resin-forming starting material selected from monomeric methyl methacrylate, a monomer mixture composed mainly of methyl methacrylate and partially polymerized products thereof, and polymerizing the resin-forming starting material. A solvent capable of dissolving therein the resin-forming starting material and the neodymium compound may be incorporated in the resin-forming starting material.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the surface-hardening treatment of a synthetic resin shaped article is provided, wherein the shaped article is dipped in a surface-hardening solution; the shaped article is gradually pulled up therefrom thereby to be coated with the surface-hardening solution; and the coated article is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the coating. The shaped article is dipped in succession in a washing tank, a drying tank having warm water or an organic solvent and a hardening solution tank while the shaped article is conveyed by a first conveyor, and then, the shaped article is transferred from the first conveyor through an intermediate conveyor to a second conveyor whereby the shaped article is conveyed to an ultraviolet ray-curing step.

Abstract: An impact-resistant methacrylic resin composition comprising a multilayer structure methacrylic resin [II] is provided. The resin [II] is obtained by the following sequential four polymerization stages (i) through (iv):(i) forming 5-50 wt. parts of a hard crosslinked resin (A) containing at least 80 wt. % of methyl methacrylate units;(ii) obtaining 100 wt. parts of a multilayer structure acrylic elastomer [I] by forming on the periphery of resin (A) 95-50 wt. parts of a crosslinked acrylic acid ester copolymer (B) by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising 69.9-89.9 wt. % of at least one alkyl (C.sub.1-8) acrylate, 10-30 wt. % of styrene or a mixture of styrene and a derivative thereof and 0.1-10 wt. % of ##STR1## (iii) forming on the periphery of elastomer [I] 5-100 wt. parts of a hard crosslinked resin (C) by polymerizing a crosslinkable monomer mixture comprising 80-99.9 wt. % of methyl methacrylate, 0-19.9 wt. % of at least one alkyl (C.sub.1-8) acrylate, 0-10 wt.

Abstract: A dip-coating method for forming a smooth coated film on the surface of an article by dipping the article in a coating solution while making ultrasonic waves act on the coating solution and forming a uniform liquid flow on the surface of the coating solution. An apparatus for practicing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An acrylic laminated diffuser panel having a high light-diffusing property is provided, which comprises a laminate of an acrylic resin film having a high light-diffusing property and an acrylic resin plate, wherein the acrylic resin film is integrated with the acrylic resin plate. The acrylic laminated diffuser panel is prepared by laminating the acrylic resin film on the molding surface of at least one of a pair of casting mold parts, casting an acrylic monomer or its partially polymerized product into a space between said pair of casting mold parts, and then, polymerizing the acrylic monomer or the partially polymerized product.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the surface-hardening treatment of a synthetic resin article is provided, wherein the article is brought into countercurrent contact with a freely falling liquid film of a surface-hardening solution while the article is gradually pulled up thereby to be coated with the surface-hardening solution, and then, the coated article is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the coating. The article is conveyed to a hardening solution tank by a first conveyor where the surface-hardening solution is caused to flow down on downwardly inclined liquid film guide plates attached to the hardening solution tank, at a flow rate of 2 to 15 ml/sec.multidot.cm of the width of the guide plate. The countercurrent contact of the article with the liquid film is initiated at a point 3 to 30 mm apart from the flow-out end of the guide plates. The hardening solution is circulated to effect the temperature adjustment and filtration.

Abstract: A shaped article of synthetic resins, such as polydiethylene glycol bisallylcarbonate, is coated with the following coating composition and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays, whereby the coating composition deposited on the shaped article is cured to form a coating film having an excellent abrasion resistance, surface smoothness, adhesion to the substrate resin, flexibility, heat resistance, solvent resistance and durability. The coating composition comprised of (a) a mixture of, based on the weight of the mixture, (i) 25-99.95 wt. % of at least one polyfunctional monomer having at least three acryloyloxy or methacryloyloxy groups, (ii) 0-50 wt. % of at least one mono- or bi-functional monomer having one or two polymerizable unsaturated groups and (iii) 0.05-25 wt. % of at least one organic acid which has at least one halogen substituent (fluorine, chlorine or bromine) and which is liquid at normal temperature and pressure, and (b) 0.01-10 wt. parts, based on 100 wt.

Abstract: At least one olefinic hydrocarbon of 3 to 4 carbon atoms is oxidized catalytically in the gas phase in the presence of molecular oxygen at 200.degree.-450.degree. C. to produce the corresponding aldehyde and acid over a calcined catalyst of the formula Mo.sub.a Sb.sub.b Bi.sub.c Fe.sub.d Ni.sub.e Sn.sub.f X.sub.g Y.sub.h O.sub.i wherein X is at least one alkali metal selected from the group consisting of potassium, rubidium and cesium; Y is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, uranium, germanium, tungsten and titanium; a to h are atomic ratios wherein a=12, b=0.2 to 20, c=0.2 to 12, d=0.2 to 12, e=0.2 to 12, f=0 to 20, g=0.01 to 4 and h=0 to 6; and i is determined according to the oxidation states of the metal atoms in the catalyst.

Abstract: A coating composition for the preparation of synthetic resin shaped articles excellent in abrasion resistance and weatherability is described. This composition comprises (a) a polyfunctional monomer mixture comprising (i) 25-75 wt. % of at least one polyfunctional monomer of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein at least three of X.sub.11, X.sub.12, X.sub.13, X.sub.22, X.sub.23 -X.sub.n2, X.sub.n3 and X.sub.14 are CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH.C00-- and the remaining groups are --OH, and n is an integer of 1-5, (ii) 25-75 wt. % of at least one polyfunctional monomer of the formula (II): ##STR2## wherein at least three of the R groups are CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH COO-- and each of the remaining is H or --OH, n.sub.1, n.sub.2, n.sub.3, n.sub.4, m.sub.1, m.sub.2, m.sub.3 and m.sub.4 are integers of 0, 1 or 2, and X is an integer of 1 to 10 and (iii) 0 to 50 wt. % of a monomer containing one acryloyloxy group and having a boiling point of at least 150.degree. C. at normal pressure and a viscosity of not higher than 20 cps/20.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of and a system for detecting pinholes in hollow fibers by passing a liquid filled fiber into a zone of pressurized gas wherein the pressure of a gas is higher than that of a liquid inside the hollow fiber so that bubbles may be injected through pinholes contained in said hollow fiber and then passing the fiber through a bubble detector. The system can be operated continuously with the pinhole detector being between a device for continuously feeding the hollow fiber and a device for winding up said hollow fiber.

Abstract: A dip-coating method for forming a smooth coated film on the surface of an article by dipping the article in a coating solution while making ultrasonic waves act on the coating solution and forming a uniform liquid flow on the surface of the coating solution. An apparatus for practicing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An acrylic fiber having linen- or cotton-like feeling, dry feeling, a high hygroscopicity and a high water retentivity, which is characterized in that said fiber is covered on the outside with creases running along the fiber axis, adjacent creases being 0.1 to 5.mu. apart on the average; has in any of its cross-sections two or more macrovoids, 2.mu. or more in major diameter, which extend in the direction of fiber axis; and said fiber has 30 to 150 microcrimps per 25 mm of fiber length. A method for producing such a fiber is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for continuously removing fine dust from gases which contain them, consisting of: introducing the gas at a gas linear velocity of 10 to 80 m/sec and a liquid at a rate such that the liquid-to-gas ratio; L/G, is 1 to 50 l/m.sup.3, in parallel, into slit(s) or hole(s) which are set in tray(s) causing impingement onto a baffle plate which is set beneath the tray; and then carrying away the fine dust particles from the gas by the liquid, which is separated from the gas, is disclosed, along with apparatus to effectuate the process.

Abstract: A coating composition for the preparation of synthetic resin shaped articles excellent in abrasion resistance and weatherability is described. This composition comprises (a) a polyfunctional monomer composition comprising (i) 40-100 wt. % of a polyfunctional monomer containing at least three methacryloyloxy or acryloyloxy groups in the molecule and having a MW of not higher than about 900 and (ii) 0-60 wt. % of a mono- or bi-functional monomer having one or two methacryloyloxy or acryloyloxy groups in the molecule and having a MW of not higher than about 300 per methacryloyloxy or acryloyloxy group, (b) 5-35 parts by wt., based on 100 wt. parts of the monomer composition, of at least one ultraviolet absorber, (c) 0.5-8 wt. parts, based on 100 parts by wt. of the monomer composition, of at least one polymeric material selected from polymers of alkyl methacrylates and alkyl acrylates, and (d) 0.01-6 parts by wt., based on 100 parts by wt. of the monomer composition, of a photosensitizer.

Abstract: An inorganic ion exchanger prepared by kneading a blend of anatase type titanic acid or amorphous titanic acid with sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid and water, extrusion molding the blend, and thereafter, heat treating the extruded product at an elevated temperature. The inorganic ion exchanger has high strength in water and is suitable for use in the removal or the concentration and recovery of injurious or beneficial materials contained in water.

Abstract: Immobilized enzymes or microorganisms are prepared by dispersing lumps of ice containing an enzyme or microorganism in an organic solvent having a water-insoluble high-molecular weight substance dissolved therein, and then removing the organic solvent to entrap the ice lumps in the water-insoluble high-molecular weight substance. Deactivation of the enzyme or microorganism by the organic solvent is prevented by the enzyme or microorganism being entrapped in the lumps of ice.

Abstract: The gas phase catalytic oxidation of an unsaturated aldehyde with molecular oxygen at 240.degree. to 450.degree. C to the corresponding unsaturated carboxylic acid is conducted in the presence of a catalyst of the formula:P.sub.a Mo.sub.b Bi.sub.c Sb.sub.d X.sub.e Y.sub.f O.sub.gwherein Mo is molybdenum, P is phosphorus, Bi is bismuth, Sb is antimony, O is oxygen, X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of potassium rubidium, cesium and thallium; and Y is at least one element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, zinc, niobium, chromium, nickel, iron, silicon, tantalum, cadmium, uranium, manganese, copper, thorium, selenium, aluminum, titanium, tungsten and cerium, and wherein the subscripts a-g represent the atomic ratio of each component such that a is 0.5 to 6, b is 12, c is 0.01 to 6, d is 0.01 to 12, e is 0.2 to 6, f is 0.01 to 6, and g is a value which is determined by the valencies of the elements present in the catalyst.

Abstract: Acrylic acid or methacrylic acid is prepared by vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of acrolein or methacrolein, with molecular oxygen at a temperature of from 240.degree. to 450.degree. C in the presence of a catalyst represented by the formula:Mo.sub.12 P.sub.a Mg.sub.b Q.sub.b.sub.' R.sub.c T.sub.d O.sub.ewherein Mo is molybdenum, P is phosphorus, Mg magnesium, O is oxygen, Q is at least one of calcium, strontium, and barium, R is at least one of potassium, rubidium, cesium and thallium, T is at least one of vanadium, tungsten and nickel, and a, b, c, d, and e are atomic ratios of the respective elements, where a=0.5-6, b=0.2-6, b+b'= 0.2-6, b' ranges from 0 to a value determined by the magnesium content of the catalyst and the limits of b+b', c=0.2-6, d=0-6, and e is a value dependent upon the oxidation state of the catalyst.

Abstract: Apparatus for manufacturing synthetic tow for stretch-cut spinning process. This synthetic tow is produced by changing the coagulation condition after delivery from the spinnerets so the weak points are distributed in individual filaments in a particular condition defined by variation of unevenness of breaking strength. The coagulation condition of each filaments in the tow is positively changed according to periodic changes in the filament's passage by contacting a deviation bar disposed in the filament's passage.