Patents Assigned to NanoGram Corporation
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Patent number: 8648136Abstract: Polymer-inorganic particle blends are incorporated into structures generally involving interfaces with additional materials that can be used advantageously for forming desirable devices. In some embodiments, the structures are optical structures, and the interfaces are optical interfaces. The different materials at the interface can have differences in index-of-refraction to yield desired optical properties at the interface. In some embodiments, structures are formed with periodic variations in index-of-refraction. In particular, photonic crystals can be formed. Suitable methods can be used to form the desired structures.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 2010Date of Patent: February 11, 2014Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Nobuyuki Kambe, Christian C. Honeker, Yigal Dov Blum, David Brent MacQueen
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Patent number: 8632702Abstract: Highly uniform silicon/germanium nanoparticles can be formed into stable dispersions with a desirable small secondary particle size. The silicon/germanium particles can be surface modified to form the dispersions. The silicon/germanium nanoparticles can be doped to change the particle properties. The dispersions can be printed as an ink for appropriate applications. The dispersions can be used to form selectively doped deposits of semiconductor materials such as for the formation of photovoltaic cells or for the formation of printed electronic circuits.Type: GrantFiled: January 2, 2008Date of Patent: January 21, 2014Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Henry Hieslmair, Vladimir K. Dioumaev, Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Hui Du
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Patent number: 8623951Abstract: Polymer-inorganic particle blends are incorporated into structures generally involving interfaces with additional materials that can be used advantageously for forming desirable devices. In some embodiments, the structures are optical structures, and the interfaces are optical interfaces. The different materials at the interface can have differences in index-of-refraction to yield desired optical properties at the interface. In some embodiments, structures are formed with periodic variations in index-of-refraction. In particular, photonic crystals can be formed. Suitable methods can be used to form the desired structures.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 2012Date of Patent: January 7, 2014Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventor: Nobuyuki Kambe
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Patent number: 8568684Abstract: Methods are described that have the capability of producing submicron/nanoscale particles, in some embodiments dispersible, at high production rates. In some embodiments, the methods result in the production of particles with an average diameter less than about 75 nanometers that are produced at a rate of at least about 35 grams per hour. In other embodiments, the particles are highly uniform. These methods can be used to form particle collections and/or powder coatings. Powder coatings and corresponding methods are described based on the deposition of highly uniform submicron/nanoscale particles.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 2010Date of Patent: October 29, 2013Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Xiangxin Bi, Nobuyuki Kambe, James T. Gardner, Ronald J. Mosso, Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Sujeet Kumar, William E. McGovern
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Publication number: 20130221286Abstract: Laser pyrolysis reactor designs and corresponding reactant inlet nozzles are described to provide desirable particle quenching that is particularly suitable for the synthesis of elemental silicon particles. In particular, the nozzles can have a design to encourage nucleation and quenching with inert gas based on a significant flow of inert gas surrounding the reactant precursor flow and with a large inert entrainment flow effectively surrounding the reactant precursor and quench gas flows. Improved silicon nanoparticle inks are described that has silicon nanoparticles without any surface modification with organic compounds. The silicon ink properties can be engineered for particular printing applications, such as inkjet printing, gravure printing or screen printing. Appropriate processing methods are described to provide flexibility for ink designs without surface modifying the silicon nanoparticles.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 8, 2013Publication date: August 29, 2013Applicant: NanoGram CorporationInventor: NanoGram Corporation
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Publication number: 20130217821Abstract: Desirable composites of polysiloxane polymers and inorganic nanoparticles can be formed based on the appropriate selection of the surface properties of the particles and the chemical properties of the polymer. High loadings of particles can be achieved with good dispersion through the polymer. The composites can have good optical properties. In some embodiments, the inorganic particles are substantially free of surface modification.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 18, 2013Publication date: August 22, 2013Applicant: NANOGRAM CORPORATIONInventor: NANOGRAM CORPORATION
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Patent number: 8515232Abstract: Inorganic particle/polymer composites are described that involve chemical bonding between the elements of the composite. In some embodiments, the composite composition includes a polymer having side groups chemically bonded to inorganic particles. Furthermore, the composite composition can include chemically bonded inorganic particles and ordered copolymers. Various electrical, optical and electro-optical devices can be formed from the composites.Type: GrantFiled: August 24, 2010Date of Patent: August 20, 2013Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Nobuyuki Kambe, Yigal Do Blum, Benjamin Chaloner-Gill, Shivkumar Chiruvol, Sujeet Kumar, David Brent MacQueen
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Patent number: 8435477Abstract: Methods are described that have the capability of producing submicron/nanoscale particles, in some embodiments dispersible, at high production rates. In some embodiments, the methods result in the production of particles with an average diameter less than about 75 nanometers that are produced at a rate of at least about 35 grams per hour. In other embodiments, the particles are highly uniform. These methods can be used to form particle collections and/or powder coatings. Powder coatings and corresponding methods are described based on the deposition of highly uniform submicron/nanoscale particles.Type: GrantFiled: September 22, 2011Date of Patent: May 7, 2013Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Nobuyuki Kambe, Shivkumar Chiruvolu
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Patent number: 8409976Abstract: Photovoltaic modules comprise solar cells having doped domains of opposite polarities along the rear side of the cells. The doped domains can be located within openings through a dielectric passivation layer. In some embodiments, the solar cells are formed from thin silicon foils. Doped domains can be formed by printing inks along the rear surface of the semiconducting sheets. The dopant inks can comprise nanoparticles having the desired dopant.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 2012Date of Patent: April 2, 2013Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventor: Henry Hieslmair
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Patent number: 8404771Abstract: Desirable composites of polysiloxane polymers and inorganic nanoparticles can be formed based on the appropriate selection of the surface properties of the particles and the chemical properties of the polymer. High loadings of particles can be achieved with good dispersion through the polymer. The composites can have good optical properties. In some embodiments, the inorganic particles are substantially free of surface modification.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 2012Date of Patent: March 26, 2013Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Hui Du, Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Ang-Ling Chu
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Patent number: 8399878Abstract: Highly uniform silica nanoparticles can be formed into stable dispersions with a desirable small secondary particle size. The silica particles can be surface modified to form the dispersions. The silica nanoparticles can be doped to change the particle properties and/or to provide dopant for subsequent transfer to other materials. The dispersions can be printed as an ink for appropriate applications. The dispersions can be used to selectively dope semiconductor materials such as for the formation of photovoltaic cells or for the formation of printed electronic circuits.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 2012Date of Patent: March 19, 2013Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Henry Hieslmair, Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Hui Du
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Publication number: 20130056069Abstract: Photovoltaic modules comprise solar cells having doped domains of opposite polarities along the rear side of the cells. The doped domains can be located within openings through a dielectric passivation layer. In some embodiments, the solar cells are formed from thin silicon foils. Doped domains can be formed by printing inks along the rear surface of the semiconducting sheets. The dopant inks can comprise nanoparticles having the desired dopant.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 31, 2012Publication date: March 7, 2013Applicant: NanoGram CorporationInventor: NanoGram Corporation
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Patent number: 8314176Abstract: Desirable composites of polysiloxane polymers and inorganic nanoparticles can be formed based on the appropriate selection of the surface properties of the particles and the chemical properties of the polymer. High loadings of particles can be achieved with good dispersion through the polymer. The composites can have good optical properties. In some embodiments, the inorganic particles are substantially free of surface modification.Type: GrantFiled: December 31, 2009Date of Patent: November 20, 2012Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Hui Du, Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Ang-Ling Chu
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Patent number: 8263423Abstract: Highly uniform silica nanoparticles can be formed into stable dispersions with a desirable small secondary particle size. The silican particles can be surface modified to form the dispersions. The silica nanoparticles can be doped to change the particle properties and/or to provide dopant for subsequent transfer to other materials. The dispersions can be printed as an ink for appropriate applications. The dispersions can be used to selectively dope semiconductor materials such as for the formation of photovoltaic cells or for the formation of printed electronic circuits.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 2011Date of Patent: September 11, 2012Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Henry Hieslmair, Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Hui Du
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Patent number: 8119233Abstract: Functional composite materials comprise elemental inorganic particles within an organic matrix. The elemental inorganic materials generally comprise elemental metal, elemental metalloid, alloys thereof, or mixtures thereof. In alternative or additional embodiments, the inorganic particles can comprise a metal oxide, a metalloid oxide, a combination thereof or a mixture thereof. The inorganic particles can have an average primary particle size of no more than abut 250 nm and a secondary particle size in a dispersion when blended with the organic matrix of no more than about 2 microns. The particles can be substantially unagglomerated within the composite. The organic binder can be a functional polymer such as a semiconducting polymer. The inorganic particles can be surface modified, such as with a moiety having an aromatic functional group for desirable interactions with a semiconducting polymer. Appropriate solution based methods can be used for forming the composite from dispersions of the particles.Type: GrantFiled: February 14, 2008Date of Patent: February 21, 2012Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Vladimir K. Dioumaev, Nobuyuki Kambe, Hui Du
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Patent number: 8048523Abstract: Nanoscale UV absorbing particles are described that have high UV absorption cross sections while being effectively transparent to visible light. These particles can be used to shield individuals from harmful ultraviolet radiation. These particles can also be used in industrial processing especially to produce solid state electronic devices by creating edges of photoresist material with a high aspect ratio. The UV absorbing particles can also be used as photocatalysts that become strong oxidizing agents upon exposure to UV light. Laser pyrolysis provides an efficient method for the production of suitable particles.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 2009Date of Patent: November 1, 2011Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Nobuyuki Kambe, Xiangxin Bi
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Patent number: 7993947Abstract: Highly uniform silica nanoparticles can be formed into stable dispersions with a desirable small secondary particle size. The silican particles can be surface modified to form the dispersions. The silica nanoparticles can be doped to change the particle properties and/or to provide dopant for subsequent transfer to other materials. The dispersions can be printed as an ink for appropriate applications. The dispersions can be used to selectively dope semiconductor materials such as for the formation of photovoltaic cells or for the formation of printed electronic circuits.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 2011Date of Patent: August 9, 2011Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Henry Hieslmair, Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Hui Du
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Patent number: 7972691Abstract: Successful dispersion approaches are described for the formation of dispersion of dry powders of inorganic particles. In some embodiments, it is desirable to form the dispersion in two processing steps in which the particles are surface modified in the second processing step. Composites can be formed using the well dispersed particles to form improved inorganic particle-polymer composites. These composites are suitable for optical applications and for forming transparent films, which can have a relatively high index or refraction. In some embodiments, water can be used to alter the surface chemistry of metal oxide particles.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 2006Date of Patent: July 5, 2011Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Hui Du, Nobuyuki Kambe
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Publication number: 20110135928Abstract: Submicron powders of metal silicon nitrides and metal silicon oxynitrides are synthesized using nanoscale particles of one or more precursor materials using a solid state reaction. For example, nanoscale powders of silicon nitride are useful precursor powders for the synthesis of metal silicon nitride and metal silicon oxynitride submicron powders. Due to the use of the nanoscale precursor materials for the synthesis of the submicron phosphor powders, the product phosphors can have very high internal quantum efficiencies. The phosphor powders can comprise a suitable dopant activator, such as a rare earth metal element dopant.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 16, 2010Publication date: June 9, 2011Applicant: NANOGRAM CORPORATIONInventors: Padmanabha R. Ravilisetty, Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Nobuyuki Kambe, Abhishek Jaiswal
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Patent number: 7892872Abstract: Highly uniform silica nanoparticles can be formed into stable dispersions with a desirable small secondary particle size. The silican particles can be surface modified to form the dispersions. The silica nanoparticles can be doped to change the particle properties and/or to provide dopant for subsequent transfer to other materials. The dispersions can be printed as an ink for appropriate applications. The dispersions can be used to selectively dope semiconductor materials such as for the formation of photovoltaic cells or for the formation of printed electronic circuits.Type: GrantFiled: January 2, 2008Date of Patent: February 22, 2011Assignee: NanoGram CorporationInventors: Henry Hieslmair, Shivkumar Chiruvolu, Hui Du