Abstract: Terpolymers of ethylene, vinyl acetate and controlled amounts of isobutylene useful as pour point depressants in distillate oils.

Abstract: Improved mixed chromium catalysts useful in particle form polymerizations to produce readily processable high density polyolefin resins which also have high resistance to environmental stress cracking are provided. First and second chromium-containing catalyst components obtained using silica supports of different pore volumes and wherein one of the catalyst components also contains aluminum are employed for the preparation of the mixed catalysts. The polymerization process and products obtained using the above-described mixed catalysts are also described.

Abstract: Methyl 4-oxobutyrate and its methanol addition products, methyl 4,4-dimethoxybutyrate and gamma-methoxy-gamma-butyrolactone, which are useful as intermediates in the preparation of such industrially important compounds as gamma-butyrolactone, 1,4-butanediol and glutamic acid, are produced from the reaction of acrolein, carbon monoxide and methanol in the presence of a catalyst system which consists of (a) a Group VIII metal component selected from palladium metal or a palladium-containing composition which generates palladium metal under reaction conditions, (b) a hydrogen halide and (c) an arylarsine catalyst copromoter.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the production of esters by reaction of an allylic ether with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst and a Group IB metal halide to obtain esters. The Group IB metal halide is present in an amount sufficient to prevent the catalyst from being converted into a Group VIII metal during the reaction. When the reaction is conducted in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt the ester may be extracted by solvent extraction to minimize catalyst decomposition caused when extractive distillation is used to separate the ester.

Abstract: Improved mixed chromium catalysts useful in particle form polymerizations to produce readily processable high density polyolefin resins which also have high resistance to environmental stress cracking are provided. First and second chromium-containing catalyst components obtained using silica supports of different pore volumes and wherein one of the catalyst components also contains aluminum are employed for the preparation of the mixed catalysts. The polymerization process and products obtained using the above-described mixed catalysts are also described.

Abstract: A process for the production of secondary-butyl perfluoroester is provided by reacting ethylene with a perfluorocarboxylic acid in the presence of oxygen.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substituted or unsubstituted gamma-crotonolactone is provided which comprises reacting a substituted or unsubstituted glycidol of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: A process for preparing ionomers is disclosed. In this process a vinyl acetate polymer is contacted with a hydroxide of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. The in situ formed acetate of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal of this reaction is in turn reacted with a polymer having carboxylic acid or diacid anhydride funtionality to produce the ionomer.

Abstract: A process for the production of pimelic acid comprising reacting .epsilon.-caprolactone with carbon monoxide and water in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst, such as a Group VIII metal and hydrogen halide.

Abstract: A composition of matter is disclosed comprising a saturated elastomer having an active halogen-containing cure site, sulfur and a quaternary ammonium salt of a mineral acid. The invention also provides a process for vulcanizing the above composition.

Abstract: An apparatus for conducting sequential chemical reactions between two gaseous reactants and a liquid reaction medium wherein contact between the two gaseous reactants are to be avoided is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a first reaction zone provided with means for contacting a first gaseous reactant with a liquid reaction medium to provide an intermediate liquid mixture, a second reaction zone provided with means for contact between a second gaseous reactant and said intermediate liquid mixture to form a product, communication means providing communication for said liquid reaction medium and said intermediate liquid mixture between said first and second reaction zones and circulation means for continuously circulating said liquid reaction medium and said intermediate liquid mixture between said first and second reaction zones.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing a cyclic ether which comprises cyclodehydrating a polyhydroxy compound of the general formulaHOR.sup.1 HC--R.sup.2 --CHR.sup.3 OHin which R.sup.1 and R.sup.3, each of which is the same or different, is hydrogen or a lower aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aryl group and R.sup.2 is a divalent aliphatic group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms containing 0, 1 or 2 etheric oxygen atoms or 0, 1 or 2 secondary or tertiary amine nitrogen atoms and 0, 1 or more lower aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and/or aryl groups containing 0 or 1 hydroxyl groups at elevated temperatures in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a Group VIII metal catalyst or a Group VIII metal-containing material to provide a cyclic ether of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined above.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising nitrocellulose; a copolymer of ethylene and an ethylenically unsaturated ester of a saturated fatty acid, said copolymer comprising between about 40% and about 90% by weight of said ester, said copolymer characterized by a kinematic viscosity at 140.degree. C. of up to about 30,000 centipoise, said copolymer present in an amount of more than about 25% to about 60% by weight, based on the total weight of said nitrocellulose and said copolymer; and an organic solvent system for said nitrocellulose and said copolymer is disclosed.

Abstract: A continuous process for the preparation of immobilized glucoamylase useful for the long term continuous direct hydrolysis of starch to fermentable glucose at temperatures of 45.degree. or higher is carried out by continuously depositing and stabilizing glucoamylase on a porous, particulate, macroreticular anionic ion exchange resin having a high osmotic shock resistance value. Processes for detoxifying, stripping and regenerating the biocatalyst are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for the telomerization of a conjugated alkadiene with an organic hydroxy compound to produce an organo-oxyalkadiene is disclosed. A palladium catalyst having an ionic ligand is employed in a substantially oxygen-free environment in the presence of an aprotic polar solvent so that the reaction products may be separated from the catalyst by solvent extraction with a hydrocarbon solvent.

Abstract: Copolyester plasticizers useful for the formulation of PVC refrigerator gaskets which exhibit improved resistance to migration and marring and improved processing characteristics are provided. The copolyesters are obtained by reacting an acid component consisting of a mixture of a benzene dicarboxylic acid (or anhydride or methyl ester thereof) and an aliphatic C.sub.5-12 saturated dicarboxylic acid (or methyl ester) with an alcohol component consisting of a mixture of neopentyl glycol and ethylene glycol. An aliphatic C.sub.6-13 saturated monofunctional alcohol or aliphatic C.sub.6-13 saturated monocarboxylic acid terminating agent is also included in the reaction.

Abstract: The presence of a water-soluble substantially neutral salt significantly improves the recovery filtration of dispersions of ethylene-vinyl acetate polymers of 35 to 85 percent vinyl acetate content.

Abstract: A composition of matter is disclosed comprising a saturated elastomer having an active halogen-containing cure site, sulfur and a quaternary ammonium salt of a mineral acid. The invention also provides a process for vulcanizing the above composition.

Abstract: A composition of matter is disclosed comprising (1) a saturated elastomer having an active halogen-containing cure site, (2) a soap/sulfur cure system, and (3) a phase transfer compound. The phase transfer catalyst comprises a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salt of a mineral acid or an alkylene oxide polymer. The phase transfer compounds accelerate soap/sulfur cures and make it possible to obtain acceptable cure rates with higher fatty acid soaps.

Abstract: Allyl alcohol is reacted with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a heterogeneous catalyst composition comprising zero valent palladium and a catalyst promoting amount of hydrogen halide to provide a mixture of products predominantly made up of carboxylic acids containing four and five carbon atoms, e.g., 3-butenoic acid, crotonic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, glutaric acid and methyl succinic acid and possibly minor amounts of other oxygenated compounds such as allyl ether and allyl 3-butenoate.