Abstract: A process for making a carbonyl-containing compound is disclosed. In this process an allylic ether is contacted with water in the presence of a cobalt-containing material under an atmosphere of carbon monoxide gas.

Abstract: This invention relates to an efficient cis-to-trans isomerization of 1,4-dihalobutene-2 by means of a thiol or hydrogen bromide or hydrogen chloride catalyzed reaction.

Abstract: This invention relates to a diazonium compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of biotin, an antigen, an antibody, a photoreactive group, a fluorescent group and heavy metal-containing compounds;X is an alkylene group containing up to 18 carbon atoms in the principle chain and a total of up to 24 carbon atoms or a substituted alkylene group containing up to 18 carbon atoms in the principle chain with substituents selected from the group consisting of solubility-enhancing groups and cleavable --S--S-- containing moieties;Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl or heteroaryl; andY is an anion and n is an integer from 1-3.Such compounds are useful as components for nucleic acid probes.

Abstract: A method for covering electrical conducting means is disclosed. In this method an ethylene polymer composition comprising a linear ethylene polymer having a density of at least 0.94 and a crosslinking effective amount of an acetylenic diperoxide compound having a one hour half-life decomposition temperature of more than 135.degree. C. is utilized to cover the electrical conducting means.

Abstract: A process for making hydrocarbons of at least two carbon atoms from methane is disclosed. In this process methane and a source of oxygen are introduced into a molten salt, maintained at a temperature in the range of between about 660.degree. C. and about 800.degree. C., comprising at least one metal iodide, the metal of which is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and mixtures thereof and a catalyst comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of metals of Group IB and Group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements. The methane and oxygen source are introduced into the mixture such that they do not contact each other.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the production of esters by reaction of an allylic ether with carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst and a halide compound to obtain esters. The halide compound is present in an amount sufficient to prevent the catalyst from being converted into a Group VIII metal during the reaction. When the reaction is conducted in the presence of a quaternary ammonium salt the ester may be extracted by solvent extraction to minimize catalyst decomposition caused when extractive distillation is used to separate the ester.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions suitable for the treatment of alfalfa are provided herein. The aqueous compositions contain a hydrocarbon, a lower alkyl ester of a fatty acid and/or alkali metal carbonate. A process for applying said aqueous compositions to the alfalfa at the time of cutting to reduce drying time is also provided.

Abstract: Improved wax compositions suitable for the preparation of candles, as the sole fuel component or as an overdip applied to a paraffin or paraffin/fatty acid candle, are provided. The compositions of this invention are a blend of a paraffin, a C.sub.16 or C.sub.18 saturated fatty acid or mixture of said fatty acids, and an alpha-alkyl-branched carboxylic acid obtained by the free radical addition of a C.sub.20-44 alpha-olefin or alpha-olefin mixture and a carboxylic acid having 3 to 36 carbon atoms. A process for improving the surface characteristics of paraffin or paraffin/fatty acid candles by applying the present wax compositions thereto as an overdip and the resulting improved candles obtained therefrom are also disclosed.

Abstract: A versatile current source inverter power supply for an ozonator in which a gating control circuit controls the gating of a thyristor bridge inverter power supply in a manner in which the output current to the ozonator is controlled and regulated. The current source inverter power supply circuit includes a DC/AC thyristor bridge inverter circuit coupled at its input terminals to a direct current power source and at its output terminals to an electrical network which includes the capacitative ozonator load. The thyristor bridge inverter includes a first pair of thyristors and diodes coupled to conduct current in a first direction through the electrical network, and a second pair of thyristors and diodes coupled to conduct current in a second, opposite direction through the electrical network. The electrical network includes a step up high voltage transformer, with its primary winding coupled to the thyristor bridge inverter and its secondary winding coupled to the ozonator load.

Abstract: A process for converting an allylic ether to its corresponding acetal is disclosed. In this process an allylic ether is contacted with an organic hydroxy compound and a catalytically effective amount of a cobalt compound to produce the corresponding acetal.

Abstract: A process for making methyl iodide is disclosed. In this process methane, and a source of oxygen are introduced into a molten salt, maintained at a temperature of at least about 500.degree. C., said molten salt comprising an iodide of a metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and mixtures thereof and a catalyst comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of a metal of Group IB and Group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements with the proviso that said methane and said source of oxygen do not contact each other.

Abstract: Crystalline Group VIII metal aluminosilicate compositions which are prepared by exchanging or impregnating a Group VIII metal onto an aluminosilicate. Conversion of methanol in the presence of a hydrogen cofeed to low molecular hydrocarbons employing these aluminosilicates as catalysts is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for isomerizing allylic ethers is disclosed. In this process a compound having the structural formulaCH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--CH(OR)--R.sup.1where R is hydrocarbyl; and R.sup.1 is an organo group is contacted with a hydroxy-containing compound and a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of cupric chloride, cupric bromide, a mixture of cupric chloride and palladium chloride, a mixture of cupric chloride and palladium bromide, a mixture of cupric bromide and palladium chloride and a mixture of cupric bromide and palladium bromide whereby a compound having the structural formulaRO--CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--R.sup.1where R and R.sup.1 have the meanings given above is formed.

Abstract: Coal-water slurries containing a rheological additive are disclosed. The rheological additives employed for the preparation of the present coal-water slurries are ester products obtained from the reaction of a polycarboxylic organic acid with two or more hydroxylic compounds. Salts of these reaction products may also be employed. The rheological additive is employed in an amount from about 0.1 to about 4 percent by weight of the slurry, the slurry having from about 60 to about 80 percent by weight solids, the balance being water.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of the general structure ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1 are lower alkyl having from 1 to 2 carbon atoms useful as fragrance additives and to the fragrance compositions containing the same.

Abstract: Improved wax compositions suitable for the preparation of candles, as the sole fuel component or as an overdip applied to a paraffin or paraffin/fatty acid candle, are provided. The compositions of this invention are a blend of a paraffin, a C.sub.16 or C.sub.18 saturated fatty acid or mixture of said fatty acids, and an alpha-alkyl-branched carboxylic acid obtained by the free radical addition of a C.sub.20-44 alpha-olefin or alpha-olefin mixture and a carboxylic acid having 3 to 36 carbon atoms. A process for improving the surface characteristics of paraffin or paraffin/fatty acid candles by applying the present wax compositions thereto as an overdip and the resulting improved candles obtained therefrom are also disclosed.

Abstract: A versatile pulsed voltage resonant inverter power supply for an ozonator which results in the efficient operation thereof. A resonant inverter ozonator power supply comprises a DC power source and a DC/AC thyristor inverter coupled at its outputs to the primary winding of a high voltage transformer. The ozonator load is connected across the secondary winding of transformer and provides a discharge path during each high frequency cycle. First and second embodiments of control circuits are disclosed for generating gating control signals for the thyristors. The switching frequency at which the thyristors are triggered is selected to be lower than the circuit resonant frequency in order that the load voltage supplied by the inverter is substantially pulsed, and a pulse burst modulation mode is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of dialkyl-2-vinylcyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylates involving the addition of an alcoholic metallic alkoxide to an organic solution of a 1,4-dihalobutene-2 and a malonic ester.

Abstract: This invention relates to a two-step synthesis of high purity dialkyl 2-vinyl-cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate in which a mixture of trans- and cis-1,4-dihalobutene-2 is first isomerized to essentially trans-1,4-dihalobutene-2 followed immediately by cyclocondensing the resultant trans-1,4-dihalobutene-2 with a malonic ester in the presence of an alcoholic solution of a metallic alkoxide.

Abstract: The catalytic thermal depolymerization of polyesters to produce macrocyclic esters suitable for fragrance applications is carried out using an olefin polymer. High yields of the corresponding macrocyclic ester are produced at high rates while substantially eliminating reactor fouling and the formation of undesirable by-products. The depolymerization is most advantageously conducted using polyethylene.