Abstract: A laser processing apparatus for projecting a spot of laser beam onto a portion of a microcircuit pattern on a semiconductor wafer, photographic mask or the like to cut the lead or anneal the limited area. The laser processing apparatus includes a mark detector for detecting the positions of first marks preliminarily provided on a work as the relative positions to the detection centers of the mark detector itself, a controller for controlling a processing energy beam generator so as to form on the work second marks detectable by the mark detector, and an error detector responsive to the results of the position detection of the second marks by the mark detector so as to detect relative positional errors between the focussing centers of the energy beam on the work and the detection centers of the mark detector.

Abstract: Pattern detection and measurement comprises: first irradiation means for irradiating a workpiece with a first energy beam; detection means for receiving a second energy beam emitted from a portion of the workpiece irradiated by the first energy beam, thereby detecting a pattern in the irradiated portion; second irradiation means for irradiating the workpiece with a third energy beam; discrimination means for receiving a fourth energy beam emitted from a portion of the workpiece irradiated by the third energy beam, thereby discriminating whether the portion irradiated by the third energy beam is sensitive to the first energy beam; and control means for controlling, in response to the output of the discrimination means, the first energy beam in irradiating the sensitive portion, thereby preventing the damage of the sensitive portion by the first energy beam.

Abstract: A camera has a variable focal length photographic optical system and has a viewfinder with magnifying power that is varied in accordance with the focal length of the photographic optical system. An electric motor has first and second transmissions adapted for connection of the motor to the photographic optical system and the viewfinder, respectively.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprising four lens groups the fourth group of which is composed of a front group and a rear group and the rear group is movable in a determined relation with the third lens group along the optical axis for compensating the variation of aberrations caused by zooming so that the zoom lens can always maintain good image-forming performance through the wide zooming range.

Abstract: A projection type exposure apparatus for projecting an original pattern formed on a mask onto a substrate, which comprises a projection optical system, a lens tube member for holding the projection optical system, an alignment optical system and a battle wall member disposed along the path of the projection light beam in the space between the mask and the projection optical system for shutting the space from the flow of external air.

Abstract: A bayonet mount structure for an interchangeable photographic lens unit comprises cooperable lens unit and camera mounts with an optimum arrangement of bayonet pawls, a lock slot and pin for determining rotational position, coupling shafts through which a driving force for auto-focusing is transmitted to the lens unit, electrical contacts for transmitting electrical signals between the lens unit and the camera body, and a mechanical signal surface and signal detector for transmitting optical performance information, such as minimum F-number of the lens unit, to the camera body.

Abstract: A playback apparatus in an electronic still camera system is so structured that digital processing is applied to regenerated image signals and plural pictures are simultaneously displayed on a monitor screen. With this construction, the contents of record on a magnetic disk can be searched within a short time.

Abstract: In a camera having a focal plane shutter, a magnet restrains the rearward shutter curtain in response to the supply of power to the magnet. A control device controls the period of power supply, and the restraint of the rearward shutter curtain is released when the power supply is terminated. A detecting circuit detects the termination of the power supply and outputs a detection signal. Another detecting circuit responsive to the movement of the forward shutter curtain outputs another detection signal. A selector selects one of the detection signals and inputs the selected signal to a starting circuit, which responds to the selected signal to start a flash emission.

Abstract: An apparatus for making a video signal includes a solid state image pickup device having a plurality of first charge accumulation type photoelectric converting elements corresponding to the odd fields of the video signal, a plurality of second charge accumulation type photoelectric converting elements corresponding to the even field of the video signal, vertical transfer means, horizontal transfer means, first terminal means and second terminal means; output means for putting out a vertical blanking signal indicative of the vertical blanking period of the video signal, a first transfer pulse and a second transfer pulse; input means for alternately inputting the first and second transfer pulses to the first and second terminal means during each vertical blanking period and a generator for putting out a first driving pulse and a second driving pulse of a longer period than the first driving pulse to the vertical transfer means.

Abstract: In a pattern generating system for scanning a pattern on a surface of a workpiece with a laser beam modulated by drawing data so as to form a pattern corresponding to design pattern data, a plurality of through holes are formed at predetermined positions of the workpiece. Beams transmitted through the through holes are directed to a sensor for generating a detection output representing positions of the transmitted beams. A computer generates position data of the through holes on the basis of the detection output and calculates a positional error and a deformation amount of the workpiece. A correcting device corrects the drawing on the basis of the positional error and the deformation amount.

Abstract: A control apparatus for camera, comprises driving means comprising an electric motor, a circuit means for controlling the motor and a rotary shaft rotationally driven by the motor. The rotation of the rotary shaft includes a first rotation in a direction started in response to a picture-taking starting operation, a second rotation in a second direction started in response to the completion of an exposure and a third rotation in the second direction subsequent to the second rotation.

Abstract: A camera system has electrical contacts consisting of a first terminal for initiating data exchange between an interchangeable lens and a camera body, a second terminal for a common clock signal, a third terminal for common exchange of serial data, and a fourth terminal for initiating data exchange between the camera body and an intermediate accessory. The electrical contacts are used for data exchange between the camera body and the interchangeable lens or the intermediate accessory.

Abstract: A completely electronic color camera for electronically recording an image of an object. The image signals from a solid-state image sensor having color filters are converted to digital form so that the digitized image signals are applied to the same number of coding compression circuits, e.g. differential pulse code modulation circuits, as the kinds of colors of the color filters per scanning line, are subjected to a color separation coding processing and are then stored directly in a memory without performing any additional processing. Error detecting and correctng circuits are provided. Error detecting and correcting data and lens setting data are added to the image data and recorded. The camera is reduced in size, is low in power consumption and requires a reduced memory capacity per frame.

Abstract: A projection exposure apparatus on which are placed a reticle whose pattern is comprised of an area transmitting a radiation therethrough and an area not transmitting the radiation therethrough and a substrate includes a projection optical system for projecting the pattern formed on the reticle onto the substrate, the projection optical system being telecentric on the substrate side, a device producing a radiation beam for alignment of the reticle and the substrate, an alignment device for supplying the radiation beam onto the substrate through the reticle and the projection optical system and detecting the relative positional relation between the reticle and the substrate through the projection optical system, a device for imparting displacement to the projection optical system to the position of incidence of the radiation beam onto the projection optical system by the alignment device, a device for outputting a position signal conforming to the relative position of the optic axis of the projection optical s

Abstract: A lens device provided with a photo-taking optical system and a barrel holding the photo-taking optical system therein has an auxiliary optical system insertable into and retractable from the optical path of the photo-taking optical sytem, and grip means protruding from the outer wall of the barrel in order that the user may hold the barrel, the grip means having containing means for containing therein the auxiliary optical system when retracted from the optical path of the photo-taking optical system.

Abstract: A camera is provided with an automatic focusing apparatus in which an imaging lens moved for focusing is locked by an identical locking member in both the automatic and manual focusing operation. The focusing apparatus has a single locking member for locking movement of an imaging lens. The locking member is displaced at a predetermined position in accordance with a signal corresponding to a distance to an object in an automatic focusing mode, and is displaced at a position corresponding to a distance set by a manual distance setting member when the focusing mode is switched to the manual mode.

Abstract: In a camera a field to be photographed is divided into a plurality of metering sections which produce a plurality of metering outputs, respectively. The metering outputs are processed to produce a value corresponding to a desired proper brightness value in order to control exposure in the camera. The type of lens mounted on the camera body is discriminated, and the information thus obtained is used for changing the photometry processing. A focal length detector produces a focal length signal which changes with the focal length of the phototaking lens. A teleconverter detector detects that a conversion lens is mounted on the camera body and produces a detection signal. Photometry processing is placed in a high speed mode in response to the detection signal, irrespective of the focal length of the phototaking lens mounted on the camera body.

Abstract: A double-layered magnetooptical recording medium consists of two exchange-coupled layers that permit perpendicular magnetization, one layer having a low Curie point and a high coercive force and the other layer having a high Curie point and a low coercive force. The layer having low coercive force is made of a transition metal rich amporphous Gd.sub.U (Fe.sub.V Co.sub.100-V).sub.100-U alloy having the following compositional range, and the layer having high coercive force is made of a transition metal rich amorphous Tb.sub.W Fe.sub.100-W alloy having the following compositional range:U=20-26 atomic %,V=50-80 atomic %, andW=27-33 atomic %.

Abstract: An electronic still camera provided with an electronic view finder displaying an image corresponding to the image signal obtained from the solid imaging device under the selected exposure condition. The electronic view finder is adapted to display an image corresponding to the image signals obtained at the solid imaging device under the selected exposure conditions before the image signal is recorded by a recording device.

Abstract: A low magnification projection objective lens for use in projection examination instrument. The projection objective lens comprises three lens units. The first unit is a converging lens unit composed of a positive lens component on the image side and a negative lens component on the object side, the second unit is a diverging lens unit composed of a negative lens component on the image side and a positive lens component on the object side and the third unit is a converging lens unit composed of a positive lens component.