Abstract: A hand-held terminal for receiving, storing and transmitting information is disclosed. The terminal has a keyboard, a display and is powered by internal, rechargeable batteries. An internal battery charging circuit includes a fixed voltage power supply which is controlled to provide a constant current charging current. A low-power radio frequency transceiver, for example, of a spread spectrum technology (SST) device is provided for receiving and transmitting information between the terminal and a base radio transceiver. A modular, magnetic credit card reader is operably and removably attached to the terminal and is interchangeable with a scanner of the type which can read bar codes or the like. Modules display screens, processor/memory modules, modular keyboards, and operating handles are also shown. A modular, compact printer can also be attached to the hand held terminal. Interactive pen based display screens can be used to allow information to be input directly on the screen.

Abstract: Modular, portable data collection terminals are disclosed for use in mixed wireless and hard-wired RF communication networks, wherein various radio transmitter modules and associated antennas may be selectively added to a base terminal unit to solve networking problems associated with specific types of business environments. Modularity exists in both the hardware (splitting data collection and processing control circuitry from radio transceiver control circuitry) and software (splitting transceiver-specific, lower level communication protocol from generic, higher level communication protocol). The control circuitry, including associated microprocessors devices, interact to selectively activate communication circuits to perform necessary communication or data processing functions and enter and remain in a power-saving dormant state during other times. To support such dormant or "sleeping" states, a series of communication protocols provide for channel access to the communication network.

Abstract: A portable data collection terminal has an elongate housing with a hand grip conforming rear surface. A front surface features a numerical keyboard adjacent a lower end of the housing and an LCD screen adjacent the keyboard toward an upper end of the housing. The display screen is of elongate rectangular shape, its length extending longitudinally of the housing of the data terminal. The active area of the display screen is covered by a touch sensitive overlay screen which is configured in one mode of operation of the data terminal into an alphabetical keyboard. The orientation of the display is switchable between orientations in which the line direction of the displayed data extends across or longitudinally of the data terminal. The keys of the numerical keyboard are identified by indicia disposed on a template. The orientation of the template may be sensed to switch the orientation of the displayed data and touch sensitive key identifiers to correspond to the orientation of the indicia on the template.

Abstract: An liquid-crystal display panel is illuminated by one or more xenon flash tubes as a backlighting source. The LCD backlight includes a back reflector, a reflecting cavity, and a light diffuser. The LCD panel is illuminated by triggering a flash of light from the xenon flash tube at a given frequency, reflecting the flash of light off of a back reflector, and diffusing the flash of light through a light diffuser. Flash lamp drive circuitry controls the triggering of a flash of light from a xenon flash lamp.

Abstract: A housing of a battery pack contains in addition to standard power cell elements a voltage converter. The voltage converter is interposed between the power cell elements and external output contacts of the housing. The voltage converter regulates the output voltage applied to the output contacts of the battery pack, such that the supply voltage of the battery pack remains at a predetermined value which is independent of the voltage supplied by the power cell elements to the voltage converter and does not vary over the discharge cycle of the power cell elements. Excess battery voltage available particularly during the initial portion of the discharge cycle of the power cell elements is efficiently converted to the predetermined output voltage value which reduces the overall current delivered by the power cells to extend the useful life of the battery pack between charges.

Abstract: A redundant network and communication protocol is disclosed having host computers, RF base stations and roaming terminals. In one embodiment, this network utilizes a polling communication protocol which, under heavy loaded conditions, requires that a roaming terminal wishing to initiate communication must first determine that the channel is truly clear by listing for an entire interpoll gap time. Thus, when a "hidden" terminal is communicating, the roaming terminal can conclude that such communication is taking place upon receiving a polling frame directed to that "hidden" terminal from the normally silent base station. In a further embodiment, a criterion used by the roaming terminals for attaching to a given base station reduces conflicts in the overlapping RF regions of adjacent base stations.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, the reader unit has a pistol configuration with the automatic scan components in a barrel portion and a battery pack therefor in a handgrip portion. A display may be directed upwardly and rearwardly in the normal hand-held disposition of the reader unit during scanning, and may be of relatively large area, e.g., so as to be adaptable to direct store delivery transactions. A smart card receptacle may facilitate use of the integrated reader and terminal unit for complex transactions. A base station for the hand-held unit may include an interface such that the memory of the hand-held unit appears as a disk drive during downloading to a personal computer.

Abstract: A system for collecting data from at least one remote site and transmitting the collected data to a main information center. The system has information distributed throughout and is divided into first, second, and third portions. The system includes at least one portable terminal for collecting data at the remote site. The terminal comprises a first memory for storing the first information portion. The terminal operates by a programmed computer to sense the need for information for its use to generate an information call identifying the needed information, and to respond to the information call for searching its first memory for the presence or absence of that needed information. If that needed information is available in the first memory of the terminal, it is supplied for use by the portable terminal. The system further comprises a first mobile server to be transported to various locations with respect to the main information center and the remote site.

Abstract: A hierarchical communication system is described in which wireless local area networks (LANs) exhibiting substantially different characteristics are employed in an overall scheme to link portable or mobile computing devices. In a premises LAN, a series of radio base stations and a backbone LAN make up an infrastructure network. The infrastructure network and at least one mobile computing device make up a higher-power LAN, utilizing a frequency hopping protocol. A lower-power LAN allows for radio communication between a mobile computing device and peripheral devices, utilizing a single-frequency spread spectrum protocol. A vehicular LAN provides for short-range communication between a vehicle terminal and a portable terminal. When out of direct RF range of the premises LAN, the vehicle terminal maintains indirect communication when necessary with the premises LAN via one of several alternate RF channels.

Abstract: An improved device for docking a first electrical apparatus, having a first apparatus connector, such as a portable interchangeable data terminal, to a second electrical apparatus having a second apparatus connector, such as a vehicle mount. The device includes a portable dock for selectively receiving the data terminal. The dock includes a laterally extending base having a first dock connector, a second dock connector, and first guides extending transversely from each end of the base. Similarly, the second electrical apparatus has transversely extending second guides.

Abstract: A process for charging one or more lithium containig electrochemical cells which exhibit a plurality of characteristics with respect to time while either being charged with or while discharging energy, wherein the charging process includes an unpetrify phase, a fast phase, a top up phase, a done phase, a good phase, and a low phase.

Abstract: A microprocessor circuit including a microprocessor device and pseudo-static RAM memory further includes a switching circuit which is coupled to an NMI signal port and to a RESET signal port of the microprocessor device. The switching device intercepts an NMI signal to be applied to the NMI port of the microprocessor device and converts an initial NMI signal following a power-down or sleep mode to a RESET signal and applies the RESET signal to the RESET signal port of the microprocessor device. NMI signals which occur during normal operation of the microprocessor circuit are routed through the switching device directly to the microprocessor circuit consistent with normal operations. The RESET signal after power-down or sleep mode operations causes the microprocessor device to address ROM until after the pseudo-static RAM memory has assumed an active, externally refreshed state.

Abstract: A power supply system of an electronic system is dynamically switchable upon fluctuating demand for operational power. The power supply is capable of providing multiple voltage values to an electronic system which is capable of utilizing multiple logical voltage values. The power utilized by the electronic system is further controlled by varying the frequency at which the electronic system operates. Power is conserved by operating at a lower voltage and frequency and is optimally utilized upon demand by dynamically switching to operate at higher voltages and frequencies for the duration of the increased power demand. Temporary peak power greater than average operational power may be attained.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, a hand-held data terminal has external electrical contact pads which mate with resilient contacts of a docking receptacle for the interchange of data and possibly the supply of charging current to the terminal. The terminal may be loaded into and removed from the docking receptacle in a single motion with one hand. Keyboard and display (user interface) of the terminal are fully accessible while in the docking receptacle. The terminal may be fully sealed and be completely free of the conventional pin and socket type electrical connector fittings at its exterior.

Abstract: A vehicle for transport, fork lift or delivery route operations, for example, includes on-board peripherals which are coupled through a Local Area Network (LAN) into a data system. A LAN data bus provides selective access to the peripherals or data devices such as, for example, a large area display, a keyboard, a printer and a data terminal. The data system controls or provides data on tasks executed by or in connection with the operation of the vehicle. To increase the versatility of the vehicle, the data terminal, multiple data terminals, or any of the other data devices may be removably coupled to the LAN to be operable externally of the vehicle. A mobile mount adapter provides a secure electrical connection of a respective data terminal to the LAN to removably incorporate the data terminal into the data system. The data terminal includes base contact areas which are contacted by spring contacts of the adapter.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, a battery conditioning system monitors battery conditioning and includes a memory for storing data based thereon; for example, data may be stored representative of available battery capacity as measured during a deep discharge cycle. With a microprocessor monitoring battery operation of a portable unit, a measure of remaining battery capacity can be calculated and displayed. Where the microprocessor and battery conditioning system memory are permanently secured to the battery so as to receive operating power therefrom during storage and handling, the performance of a given battery in actual use can be accurately judged since the battery system can itself maintain a count of accumulated hours of use and other relevant parameters. In the case of a non-portable conditioning system, two-way communication may be established with a memory associated with the portable unit so that the portable unit can transmit to the conditioning system information concerning battery parameters (e.g.

Abstract: A portable data collection terminal has an elongate housing with a hand grip conforming rear surface. A front surface features a numerical keyboard adjacent a lower end of the housing and an LCD screen adjacent the keyboard toward an upper end of the housing. The display screen is of elongate rectangular shape, its length extending longitudinally of the housing of the data terminal. The active area of the display screen is covered by a touch sensitive overlay screen which is configured in one mode of operation of the data terminal into an alphabetical keyboard. The orientation of the display is switchable between orientations in which the line direction of the displayed data extends across or longitudinally of the data terminal. The keys of the numerical keyboard are identified by indicia disposed on a template. The orientation of the template may be sensed to switch the orientation of the displayed data and touch sensitive key identifiers to correspond to the orientation of the indicia on the template.

Abstract: A computer system providing for quick removal and quick and simple installation of a disk drive into the system. A latching and positioning arrangement provides releasable support for the disk drive unit and achieves automatic electric connections with the installation of the disk drive unit in the computer system.

Abstract: A transceiver apparatus for creating a wireless personal local area network between a computer terminal and one or more peripheral devices. A separate transceiver is connected to the computer terminal and to each peripheral device. The transceivers can be connected to the terminal or peripheral device either internally or externally. A low power radio is used to communicate information between the computer terminal and peripheral devices. Different transceivers can be used for modifying the carrier frequency and power of the local area network. The microprocessor is located inside each transceiver and controls the information flow of the transceiver including the communication protocol which allows each device to know if other devices are communicating, which devices are being communicated to, and selectively address the peripheral devices.

Abstract: A data capturing module combined with a portable data terminal of the hand-held type to record handwritten data. Using a digitized pad, the module can provide for direct input of handwritten data into the system, or a peripheral digital scanner can be employed to provide for data entry. Depending upon the particular application, the module therefore provides for data entry of handwritten text or graphics using the data terminal and other components of a portable data system to enter, display, print or otherwise communicate the handwritten data.