Abstract: A method for the production of a layered metal slab by casting, which strip contains a central layer (2) and surface layers (3) on either side of it. The central layer (2) is introduced as a strip through a mould (4), into which is introduced molten metal (5), the mould (4) is cooled, whereupon a layered structure (1) is formed as the metal solidifies.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a cooling element (1) to be used in the structure of a furnace used in metal processes, such as a flash smelting furnace, a blast furnace, an electric furnace or other metallurgical reactor, said cooling element comprising a copper housing (2) made of one single piece, in which housing there is formed a channel system (3) for the circulation of the cooling medium, lining elements (4) made of fireproof material, said housing and lining element including means for connecting them together, and the lining element (4) and the housing (2) are connected so that the lining element (4) can move in the vertical direction with respect to the housing (2). The invention also relates to a cooling element.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuous vertical casting of metal strips, comprising: a mould (10) having top and bottom ends an open-ended mould cavity (C), a tundish (11) having a discharge opening (11A) in direct communication with the mould cavity (C) to feed molten metal into a mould entrance opening (E) past an interface between the tundish (11) and the mould (10); a sealing device (14) forming a seal at said tundish-mould interface to prevent molten metal from entering said interface, and a device (12) for supplying molten metal to the tundish (11) and maintaining a level of molten metal therein. The scaling device (14) comprises a pair of flat horizontal surfaces (10A, 11B), one on the mould around the entrance opening (E) and one on the tundish (10) around the discharge opening (11A), and a sealing element (14A) formed of a sheet of graphite and being in constant sealing engagement with both said surfaces (10A, 11B).

Abstract: A charge air cooler formed of copper or a copper alloy for withstanding high temperatures and high pressures is described. The charge air cooler is made to withstand temperatures over about 300° C. and pressures greater than about 40 bars in one embodiment, and temperatures over about 600° C. and pressures greater than 40 bars in additional embodiments. The heat transfer tubes are connected to manifolds at either end. The manifolds are preferably formed of copper or copper alloy with the tubes mechanically joined thereto. In one embodiment, the tubes are arranged in alternating angles with respect to each other. In a preferred embodiment, the tubes are arranged in offset alternating angles with respect to each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing and coating heat transfer parts for a heat exchanger such as tubes in an automobile radiator. The tubes are coated with brazing material by thermal spraying, such as plasma deposition or wire-arc deposition. The coating is then melted by application of heat to braze the tubes to the fins and to the headers to complete the formation of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A pre-separator feed well for use with hydrous slurry feed is provided in a hindered-bed separator that includes an elongate body defining an interior space with upper and lower portions. The feed well is elongate and includes a vertically adjustable conical plate adjacent the bottom thereof for control of downward flow of heavy material. The top of the feed well includes an overflow weir including an overflow ring having a plurality of vertical slots through which flows the lighter material onto an overflow weir adjacent an overflow launder and to an outlet pipe. Feed is introduced into the upper portion of the feed well in a tangential manner. A perforated barrier may be mounted below the feed well in some circumstances. Teeter flow is introduced in a lower portion of the separator and flows upwardly. Alternatively, the lower part of the separator can be perforated for heavy/coarse material discharge.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for refining precious metal concentrate, and according to said method, at least the precious metal concentrate (9), reaction gas (10), flux (11) and flue dust (12) to be treated are fed together into the reacton shaft (3) of a suspension smelting furnace (1); in the suspension smelting furnace, there are created separate phases, matte (8) and slag (7); and the slag created in the suspension smelting furnace is conducted into an electric furnace (2), so that there is created metallicized matte (14) and waste slag (13). Thereafter the matte (8) from the suspension smelting furnace is conducted to hydrometallurgical treatment (15), and the slag conducted into the electric furnace is treated together with a reducing agent and possibly with a material lowering the melting point or improving fluidity, and the obtained metallicized matte (14) is conducted either to hydrometallurgical treatment (16) or back into the suspension smelting furnace in (1).

Abstract: A corona and static electrode assembly is attachable to a frame of an existing electrostatic separator and includes a pair of oppositely spaced end panels and an elongate corona support member disposed inwardly of and supported by the respective end panels. The corona support member is preferably formed from a single piece of rigid material and has a substantially L-shape for directing an electrostatic field intensity towards the outer surface of a rotating drum. A pair of spaced spacers are connected to and laterally extend from the corona support member and an elongate conductive wire extends between the pair of spacers. The wire is preferably supported between the spacers and threaded bolts passing therethrough, respectively, can adjust its tension. A plurality of elongate static electrodes are spaced from the wire and are connected between the pair of end panels.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for stabilizing a fluidized bed used in roasting by adjusting the oxygen content of the roasting gas in the bed. The fine-grained material for roasting is fed into the furnace above the fluidized bed and the roasting gas, which causes the fluidizing, is fed into the bottom of the furnace through a grate. In this method, the total amount of oxygen in the roasting gas to be fed and the average total oxygen requirement of the material to be roasted are calculated and the ratio between them regulated so that the oxygen coefficient in the bed is over 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the concentration of the spent acid produced in connection with the scrubbing smelter or roaster gas. The hot gas produced is scrubbed first by dry and then by wet separation, and the scrubbed gas is conducted to the manufacture of a sulfurous end product. The spent acid formed is dilute, and its sulfuric acid content is increased by making use of the thermal capacity of the actual hot gas, which comes from dry separation. Thus, by making use of the thermal capacity of the gas created in the process, it is possible to replace, at least partly, the use of evaporators.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a tube made of a non-ferrous material, particularly a tube made of mainly copper, by rolling, in which method, in the first working step the tube billet is worked by rolling with conical rolls, so that mainly owing to the deformation resistance, the temperature of the billet under operation rises up to the recrystallization range, at least on the spot that is being worked. Essentially immediately after the first working step, the tube billet is subjected to at least one second working step with a second set of conical rolls, in which case the tube billet is maintained, at least during the first working step and at least a second working step in non-oxidizing conditions. The invention also relates to an apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a press membrane (9) for a filter plate (1?) of a filter press. Said press membrane consists of a rubber-elastic material and is supported by the filter plate (1?) while supporting a parallel filter cloth (14). An intermediate chamber defined between the press membrane (9) and the filter plate (1?) can be impinged upon with a pressure medium. The aim of the invention is to prevent an overload of the membrane material in the area of the supporting cams (6) and damages of the filter cloth (14) in said areas. To this end, the press membrane (9) is provided with transmission disks (12) in the area of the supporting cams (6), said transmission disks (12) consisting of a substantially harder material than the rubber-elastic material of the remaining press membrane (9) and being vulcanized into the rubber-elastic material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transfer and insulation device (1) for electrically insulating electrodes, particularly anodes (2) and cathodes (3), used in the electrolytic cleaning of metals, from each other in an electrolytic tank (4), for distributing the electrodes as they are hanging in the electrolytic tank and for enabling the electrodes to be transferred, said transfer and insulation device (1) being made of one single piece.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooling element, in particular to be used in connection with furnaces and the like related to metal production processes, said element comprising a housing (1) provided with a channel system (2) for cooling water circulation. At least part of the cooling element surface that may get into contact with molten metal is made of steel.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a tube made of a non-ferrous material, particularly a tube made of mainly copper, in which method, in the first working step the tube billet is worked so that mainly owing to the deformation resistance, the temperature of the tube billet under operation rises up to the recrystallization range, at least on the spot that is being worked. Essentially immediately after the first working step, the tube billet is subjected to at least a second working step and the tube billet is maintained, at least during the first and second working step in non-oxidizing conditions. the invention also relates to an apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and equipment, whereby matte with a high non-ferrous metal content and disposable slag are produced simultaneously in a suspension-smelting furnace from non-ferrous sulphide concentrate. According to the invention, a carbonaceous reducing agent is charged to the lower furnace of a suspension smelting furnace via tuyeres to the part of the furnace which has a reduced cross-sectional area.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes at least two ducts for separating a first heat exchange fluid, inside the ducts, from a second heat exchange fluid, outside the ducts, the ducts having longitudinal axes that are substantially parallel to one another. A substantially planar cooling element is formed with apertures through which the ducts extend. The cooling element is inclined at a first predetermined acute angle to the longitudinal axes of the ducts. The cooling element is provided with louvers that are inclined at a second predetermined acute angle to the general plane of the cooling element. The first and second predetermined acute angles are substantially equal in magnitude.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a metal strip from a cast by rolling in which method the technique of a profiled rolling in combination with a strip rolling is used. The material for the metal strip is first cast by using a casting technique to produce a cast profile having the center part thicker than the lateral parts and the cast profile is in an essentially continuous manner conducted into a rolling mill where during the at least two-staged profiled rolling the cast profile is divided into two symmetrical segments and maintained as two equal segments. These segments are spread into the lateral regions of the material to be rolled into a flattened profile which is as an object for at least one-staged strip rolling so that the spread ratios between the center part dimension of the cast profile and the width of the strip of greater than 2.8:1 are achieved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for preparing a sample meant for continuously operated on-line analysis and containing finely divided, pulverous material, so that the sample is suited for an analysing method designed to analysing the surface layer of the sample, and that a sample flow extracted from the material flow by a sampler is conducted to the device. According to the invention, in order to realize an essentially even sample material bed (10) to be transported past the analyser device (11), the height of the sample material in the sample material bed feeder element (5) is maintained essentially at a predetermined value.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for the casting of metals comprising the steps of: indexing a mould (3) in series on a rotating carousel (2) to a pouring station (2.1), skimming station (2.2) and a mould transfer station (2.3); casting molten metal into the mould at the pouring station (2.1); skimming dross from the molten metal at the skimming station (2.2); transferring the mould (3) containing molten metal from the mould transfer station (2.3) to a cooling section (5) and replacing it at the mould transfer station (2.3) with an empty mould; transferring a cooled mould containing a solidified metal ingot (10) from the cooling section (5) to a demoulding station (7) remote from the rotating carousel (2); removing the solidified ingot (10) from the mould (3); removing the pin/hook members (11) from the ingot (10); returning the pin/hook members (11) to the empty mould (3); returning the empty mould (3) to the mould transfer station (2.3); and transferring the ingot (10) to the further processing.