Abstract: An apparatus including: a sprayer for inoculating a microbe on a first division divided from at least one sample of a plant to be examined; sample leaving device for leaving a second division divided from the sample not inoculated with the microbe and the first division inoculated with the microbe, for a predetermined period of time under a predetermined condition; first and second photodetector for respectively measuring the quantities of luminescence emitted from the first and second divisions which have been left standing by the sample leaving device; and a computer for comparing the quantities of the luminescence measured by the first and second photodetector, thereby to examine the resistance or susceptibility of the plant to the microbe.

Abstract: Coating color and method for providing an excellent coating condition and paper quality through steps comprising a direct addition of enzymatically converted powdered or granulated dry starch to an aqueous suspension of pigments. The dry starch is soluble and impasted in the cold aqueous suspension of pigments without impastation heat and/or other equipment.