Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid crystal display with improved contrast ratio, switching performance, reflectivity at the Dmin state and structural integrity, and methods for its manufacture. The liquid crystal display of the present invention comprises microcups as display cells, wherein the microcups are formed from a microcup composition and filled with a liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a display device which comprises two layers of insulating substrate, at least the substrate on the viewing side is transparent, an array of display cells sandwiched between the two layers of substrate, a writing means, and optionally an erasing means to magnetically or electrically erase the image. The display cells are filled with a dispersion of magnetic particles which may be charged or non-charged. The display of the invention eliminates the use of the transparent conductor film, such as ITO, on the viewing side. Therefore, the displays of this invention are more cost effective, more flexible and durable and capable of higher image contrast ratio and higher reflectance in the Dmin area.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a display module comprises a temperature sensor configured to provide temperature information; a transmission interface, coupled to an external chip of the IC card; a processing module, coupled to the temperature sensor and the transmission interface, comprising: a storage device comprising an application software program; and a processing unit, coupled to the storage device, configured to be capable of executing the application software program to access data from the external chip via the transmission interface, obtaining the temperature information from the temperature sensor, and outputting a control signal according to the temperature information and data; a display driver, coupled to the processing module, configured to be capable of receiving the control signal and generating a driving signal according to the control signal; and a display film capable of displaying images, coupled to the display driver, and configured to be capable of displaying information according to the driving si

Abstract: A process for forming a patterned thin film structure on a substrate is disclosed. A pattern is printed with a material, such as a masking coating or an ink, on the substrate, the pattern being such that, in one embodiment, the desired thin film structures will be formed in the areas where the printed material is not present, i.e., a negative image of thin film structure to be formed is printed. In another embodiment, the pattern is printed with a material that is difficult to strip from the substrate, and the desired thin film structures will be formed in the areas where the printed material is present, i.e., a positive image of the thin film structure is printed. The thin film material is deposited on the patterned substrate, and the undesired area is stripped, leaving behind the patterned thin film structures.

Abstract: The color display of the present invention involves a two particle system and is capable of displaying multiple colors with high quality black and white states. The color states are suitable for highlighting function. The color display does not require alignment between the electrodes and the display cells in which a display fluid is filled, which significantly reduces the complexity of the design and also lowers the manufacturing costs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for inspection of defects in an electrophoretic display and related devices. The method may be carried out with one or more testing electrodes. The method comprises applying a voltage difference to two testing electrodes which are in contact with the display panel, or applying a voltage difference to a testing electrode and a electrode layer. The methods may be applied in in-line or off-line inspection of a display panel.

Abstract: A process for forming a patterned thin film structure on a substrate or in-mold decoration film is disclosed. A pattern is printed with a material, such as a masking coating or ink, on the substrate, the pattern being such that, in one embodiment, the desired structures will be formed in the areas where the printed material is not present, i.e., a negative image of thin film structure to be formed is printed. In another embodiment, the pattern is printed with a material that is difficult to strip from the substrate, and the desired thin film structures will be formed in the areas where the printed material is present, i.e., a positive image of the thin film structure is printed. The thin film material is deposited on the patterned substrate, and the undesired area is stripped, leaving behind the patterned thin film structure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel non-aqueous capsules suitable as display cells for an electrophoretic display and the encapsulation process for their manufacture. The present invention is also directed to an encapsulation process for the preparation of non-aqueous capsules suitable as display cells for an electrophoretic display. The process comprises emulsifying an internal phase comprising pigment particles or pigment-containing microparticles dispersed in a halogenated solvent and a halogenated shell-forming material into an external phase comprising a complementary chain extender or crosslinker in an organic solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel fluorinated dyes or colorants having high solubility and low viscosity in halogenated, especially fluorinated, solvents. The dyes or colorants of the present invention have shown to improve the performance of electrophoretic displays. The invention is particularly directed to a fluorinated porphyrin dye or colorant expressed by Formula (VII).

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a scraping element for removing part of a display film coated or laminated to an electrode layer to expose the electrode layer for connection to a drive circuitry. The present invention is directed to a method for removing a portion of a display film coated or laminated on an electrode layer, a process for preparing a display device, and a process for preparing a passive matrix display device.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions of display cell structure and electrode protecting layers for improving the performance of display devices. The composition comprises a polar oligomeric or polymeric material having a glass transition temperature below about 100° C., and the resulting display cells or electrode protecting layer have an average crosslinking density of below about 1 crosslink point per 80 Dalton molecular weight.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions and an assembly process for the manufacture of liquid crystal displays. The assembly process is especially advantageous because it can be easily scalable to roll-to-roll continuous manufacturing of liquid crystal displays. The invention is directed to a photoalignable top-sealing composition for top-sealing a liquid crystal display cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing a brightness enhancement structure comprising micro-reflectors. The process comprises forming an array of micro-structures by embossing; and depositing a metal layer over the surface of the micro-structures. The present invention also relates to a process for manufacturing a display device comprising micro-reflectors. The present invention further relates to a display device comprising micro-reflectors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved EPD which comprises both the traditional up/down switching and the in-plane switching modes. In other words, the improved EPD has dual switching modes. The monochrome EPDs of the present invention are capable of displaying highlight color of choice which is different from the text. For example, white background, blue text, and red highlight can be shown in any selected areas of the display. Furthermore, the full color EPDs of the present invention are capable of displaying high contrast images of high color saturation. Both high quality black and white states are possible in the full color displays of the present invention. The EPDs of the present invention do not need complex circuitry design, and are compatible with low cost and high yield roll-to-roll manufacturing processes.

Abstract: The invention is directed to novel methods and compositions useful for improving the performance of electrophoretic displays. The methods comprise adding a high absorbance dye or pigment, or conductive particles, or a conductive filler in the form of nanoparticles and having a volume resistivity of less than about 104 ohm cm, or a charge transport material into an electrode protecting layer of the display.

Abstract: This invention relates to electrophoretic displays having improved performance. The invention also relates to a method for inducing or enhancing the threshold voltage of an electrophoretic display, which method comprises adding a threshold promoter into an electrophoretic fluid which comprises charged pigment particles or pigment-containing microparticles dispersed in a dielectric solvent or solvent mixture.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an embossing assembly comprising an embossing sleeve having a three-dimensional pattern formed thereon, an expandable insert; and a drum over which said sleeve and said expandable insert are mounted. The present invention is also directed to a method for preparing an embossing drum or an embossing sleeve. The present invention is further directed to a method for controlling the thickness of a plating material over the surface of a drum or sleeve in an electroplating process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel patterned embossing and patterned filling methods. Both methods are simple, reliable and cost effective ways for manufacturing the segment of signage electrophoretic displays. The displays prepared by the present invention requires only one patterned electrode layer. The undesired visible line traces are eliminated and the manufacture of the present displays does not involve the costly precision registration step used in the previously known assembly processes dealing with two patterned electrodes. Moreover, the electrophoretic fluid is present only in the patterned and switchable area of the display. This not only significantly reduces the material cost, but also improves the overall display quality by reducing defects and non-uniformity.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrophoretic display comprising a plurality of cells, each of said cells comprises: a) partition walls; b) an electrophoretic fluid filled therein; c) a polymeric sealing layer to enclose the electrophoretic fluid within the cell; and d) an interface between the electrophoretic fluid and the sealing layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for testing and inspection of a display panel. The methods involve the application of voltages to rollers or testing conductive films. By applying a potential difference to the appropriate rollers or testing conductive films, different optical states of a display panel can be displayed for inspection.