Abstract: A navigation method for the navigation of a vehicle employing direction and longitudinal movement sensors. Signals from the sensors are fed to a position computer which determines the vehicle position relative to a coordinate grid system. When the vehicle reaches a position of known coordinates the position values which are determined from the sensor signals are corrected with reference to the known coordinates, and a Kalman filter is provided which effects an error estimate and subsequently a correction value determination from the error estimate which results in a significant increase in accuracy of the displayed navigation data. The particular advantage of the method is the use of uncomplicated sensors which are able, in connection with the Kalman filter, to obtain highly accurate vehicle position data.

Abstract: The application relates to a method for measuring the angular velocities about at least two mutually perpendicular axes.For this purpose, a laser gyro, for example, is rotated about an auxiliary axis of rotation at the angular velocity .omega..sub.o and the output value of the gyro signal is determined when the gyro is in the rotary position .omega..sub.o t, at which one of the components of the output signal of the gyro becomes O. The components of the desired rotation can then be calculated from the resulting system of equations.

Abstract: A waveguide switch includes housing walls defining a switch housing; at least two waveguide terminals provided in the housing walls; a rotor supported for rotation in the housing; at least one waveguide element contained in the rotor for coupling to one another at least two waveguide terminals in a predetermined angular operating position of the rotor; a motor for turning the rotor into the vicinity of a desired operating position and blocking assembly for arresting the rotor in the desired operating position. The blocking assembly and the rotor include a magnetic arrangement for turning the rotor from the vicinity of the desired operating position into the desired operating position by magnetic attraction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laser rotation rate sensor wherein two light beams counterrotate in a polygon equipped with reflectors at its corners, a signal being derived from their frequency difference in dependence on the rate of rotation. The rotation rate sensor comprises a reflector designed and operated as a magneto-optic element for the suppression of lock-in and including a prism whose base boundary face is disposed adjacent a layer of a gyrotropic material, the reflector being designed in such a manner that total reflection occurs. In the laser rotation rate sensor, the index of refraction of the gyrotropic material is approximately equal to or greater than that of the prism; a further layer of a dielectric material is disposed adjacent the gyrotropic layer, which further layer has a smaller index of refraction than the prism material and the material of the gyrotropic layer, in such a manner that total reflection occurs at the interface between the layer of gyrotropic material and the further layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a directional gyro having two mutually perpendicularly arranged gimbals. The first or outer gimbal is fastened to a frame by means of a trunnion having a perpendicular axis. This axis is provided with an angle pickup to determine the course angle. The second or inner gimbal is provided with a gyro motor comprising a stator and a rotor, with the rotor axis being held in a horizontal orientation by means of a verticality device. According to the invention, the verticality device comprises an element which displaces the center of gravity of the inner gimbal and is attached, for example, to this inner gimbal, and an element which damps the rotary movement about one of the gimbal axis and which is formed, for example, of a ball bearing subject to a defined friction or of a slip brush.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laser rotation rate sensor wherein two light beams counterrotate in a polygon equipped with reflectors at its corners, a signal depending on the rate of rotation being derived from the frequency difference. One of the reflectors employed is designed as a magneto-optic element so as to suppress lock-in. This reflector includes a prism whose base boundary face is provided with a layer of a material having a lower index of refraction than the prism material. At least one of these materials is a gyrotropic material. Almost no reflection occurs when light enters the prism at the two lateral faces due to adherence to the Brewster condition. Further, the angle of incidence of the beams on the interface with the layer having a lower index of refraction than the prism material is so large that total reflection occurs.

Abstract: A flywheel including a bearing unit, a flywheel mass provided with at least two partial masses, and separate connecting means each connecting the bearing unit with a respective one of the at least two partial masses. Each respective partial mass and separate connecting means comprise a partial system. The partial systems are constructed such that each exhibits resonance step-up at a different frequency when subjected to an external excitation to thereby reduce the stress on the bearing unit as a result of resonance step-up at a respective one of the different resonant step-up frequencies.

Abstract: In a gas laser composed of a capillary tube made of electrically nonconductive material and presenting a capillary passage, a reservoir tank whose interior is in communication with the passage, the tank including a cylindrical portion coaxially surrounding the capillary tube and axial end portions via which the tube is connected to the tank in a manner to seal the interior of the tank, a mass of active laser gas filling the interior of the reservoir tank and the capillary passage, a cathode disposed in the interior of the tank, a counterelectrode in communication with the capillary passage, and optical elements sealing the ends of the capillary passage, the capillary tube is symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis of the capillary passage and midway between the ends thereof, the counterelectrode is composed of two anodes each disposed at a respective axial end of the capillary tube, communication between the capillary passage and the interior of the tank is provided by an opening passing

Abstract: A gyro device arranged to be mounted in a vehicle and operable selectively as a directional gyro or as a gyro compass, which includesa gyro generating signals relative to two measuring directions, an azimuth gimbal mounted with its pivot axis oriented substantially vertically, a drive unit connected to receive the signal from a first position sensor and for pivoting a precession gimbal supported by the azimuth gimbal about a precession axis into a position in which the gyro spin axis is parallel to the pivot axis of said azimuth gimbal, a second position sensor providing a signal representative of the inclination of the precession axis to the horizontal, and a switching member for effecting pivoting of the precession gimbal about the precession axis to bring the spin axis of the gyro into a horizontal orientation for permitting operation of the device as a directional gyro.

Abstract: In a coupler for detachably placing the ends of at least two light waveguides in energy transmitting communication, which coupler is composed of two coupling halves each including a core member provided with at least one precisely positioned bore holding the end of at least one fiber of an associated conductor, a sleeve in which the core member is mounted and which is provided with at least one extension part extending axially of the sleeve, the core having a frontal end face provided with an axially extending guide pin and a guide opening diametrically opposite the guide pin, with respect to the axis of the core member, and a sleeve nut for securing the two halves of the coupler together, each coupling half includes elements supporting the core member to permit the core member to be axially movable in a resilient manner in the sleeve from an end position and to have a limited axial and radial mobility therein, the core member being in its end position when the coupling halves are uncoupled and moving axially

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrical winding for a transformer, a choke coil or the like, particularly for high frequencies, wherein the conductor forming the winding is radially subdivided into n subconductors and within the winding the subconductors are twisted in such a manner that the initially innermost subconductor, after twisting comes to lie outermost, the subconductor in the second innermost position, after twisting comes to lie at the second outermost position, etc. If the subconductors are designed as conductor tapes, the subconductors 1 through (n-1) comprise two partially overlapping tape sections which in the overlap region are conductively connected together at the side edges of the tape, the n.sup.th conductor tape being made of one piece and forming one of the outwardly disposed subconductors of the conductor.

Abstract: A gyrocompass including a first gimbal, a gyro motor mounted in the first gimbal and including a gyro rotor mounted to rotate about a horizontally alignable spin axis, a pendulous body in which the first gimbal is mounted to be rotatable about a vertically alignable axis of rotation, a housing in which the body is rotatably suspended, a verticality device associated with the body for allowing the body to assume an orientation in the housing in which the axis of rotation is vertical, and a follow-up device including a pickup mounted for sensing the angular position, about the axis of rotation, of the gimbal relative to the body and a drive connected for rotating the body relative to the housing about the axis of rotation in dependence on the position sensed by the pickup. The drive can be constituted by a stepping motor constructed to rotate in highly uniform steps and simultaneously serving to provide an indication of the angular position of the body relative to the housing about the axis of rotation.

Abstract: A magnet bearing arrangement comprising a stator and a rotor disposed within the stator. A first set of adjacent annular permanent magnet members is secured to the surface of the rotor and a second set of adjacent annular permanent magnet members is secured to the inner surface of the stator, the first and second sets of permanent magnet members being arranged in axial juxtaposition so as to generate repelling magnetic forces that stabilize movement of the rotor in the radial direction. A plurality of annular windings are positioned on the stator adjacent the second set of permanent magnet members for generating a magnetic force in response to a sensor for stabilizing axial movement of the rotor.

Abstract: In a bearing and drive structure for the spinning rotor of an open-end spinning turbine in which the rotor is carried by an elastically mounted bearing, the structure including a stator having a portion disposed adjacent a portion of the stator; the stator and rotor portions together defining an electrical drive for the spinning rotor and being separated from one another by a motor air gap, the rotation of the rotor is stabilized by the provision of mutually facing, circumferentially extending surfaces on, respectively, the rotor and a stationary body adjacent the rotor and forming a stabilizing air gap smaller than the motor air gap.

Abstract: A magnetic bearing assembly for a rotor, including at least two actively regulated magnetic bearings for stabilizing the rotor in directions oriented substantially perpendicularly to one another and to the axis of rotation. The magnetic bearings define a bearing plane oriented perpendicularly to the axis. The rotor has a center of gravity situated at an axial distance from the bearing plane whereby tilting motions of the rotor about tilt-axes perpendicular to the axis of rotation can be sensed and counteracted.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring the yarn delivered by an open end spinning turbine which has an electric motor for driving the turbine with a predetermined rpm. The apparatus includes a measured value transmitting arrangement responsive to changes in the current consumption of the electric motor for generating a signal when the change in the current consumption exceeds a predetermined threshold value. The measured value transmitting arrangement is responsive to a reduction in the current consumption of the electric motor and generates a yarn breakage indicating signal when the reduction in the current consumption falls below a predetermined value indicative of yarn breakage.

Abstract: In order to monitor irregularities in textile yarn being produced in an open-end spinning turbine of the type having an elastically mounted rotor, there is provided a sensor arranged to sense radial deflections experienced by the rotor or its bearing and associated with the occurrence of such irregularities.

Abstract: In the production of yarn in an open-end spinning turbine having an elastically mounted rotor bearing, a break in the yarn or an operating state which influences yarn quality is detected by means of a sensor which produces a signal representative of radial deflections of the bearing and an evaluation circuit which responds to the absence of and/or a change in the signal component produced by the sensor as a result of radial deflections created by the fiber material present on the rotor.

Abstract: A flywheel includes a hub sleeve, a stationary core surrounded by the hub sleeve, axially spaced first and second rolling-element bearings each having an inner ring supported on the core and an outer ring in engagement with the hub sleeve, an inner spacer sleeve disposed between the inner rings and surrounding the core and an outer spacer sleeve disposed between the outer rings and surrounding the inner spacer sleeve and a clamping arrangement axially urging the inner rings against the inner spacer sleeve and the outer rings against the outer spacer sleeve with a predetermined axial force. An axially yielding, relatively rigid spring element forms part of the clamping arrangement and engages at least one of the rings with the predetermined axial force. The spring element is substantially unyielding to the predetermined axial force, but yields to axial forces derived from vibrations imparted to the flywheel. Cooperating extensions of the spring element and and an outer ring constitute a labyrinth seal.

Abstract: In an antilocking control system in which wheel speed is monitored to control a braking operation in a manner to prevent locking of the braked wheels, a tendency of the wheel velocity to decrease more rapidly than a reference rate acts to reduce the brake pressure, and a subsequent tendency of the wheel velocity to increase acts to either hold constant or to gradually increase the brake pressure.