Abstract: The invention includes compositions and methods for promoting gas mixtures separations, such as a carbon dioxide and methane mixture. The composition of the invention is based on a curable polymerized room-temperature ionic liquid [poly(RTIL)].

Abstract: Embodiments of the instant disclosure relate to novel compositions and methods for treating a subject having genetic homocystinuria (HCU or other form of genetic homocystinuria). In some embodiments, compositions and methods disclosed herein concern improving efficacy of standard treatments (e.g. trimethylglycine) to reduce dietary compliance requirements and improve outcomes. In accordance with these embodiments, a subject having or suspected of developing classical cystathionine beta-synthase deficient homocystinuria (HCU) or other genetic form of homocystinuria can be treated with a polyamine or diamine or a precursor thereof or a combination thereof for example, in combination with trimethylglycine (e.g. betaine) or other genetic homocystinuria treatment.

Abstract: Methods and systems for in vivo classification of tissue are disclosed. The tissue is irradiated with light from multiple light sources and light scattered and fluoresced from the tissue is received. Distinct emissions of the sample are identified from the received light. An excitation-emission matrix is generated (1002). On-diagonal and off-diagonal components of the excitation-emission matrix are identified (1004, 1006, 1008). Spectroscopic measures are derived from the excitation-emission matrix (1014), and are compared to a database of known spectra (1016) permitting the tissue to be classified as benign or malignant (1018). An optical biopsy needle or an optical probe may be used to contemporaneously classify and sample tissue for pathological confirmation of diagnosis.

Abstract: An operational environment is disclosed herein that includes a cryogenic environment and a signal source. The cryogenic environment includes a signal target, an optical link, signal converter devices, and an electrical link. Outside of the cryogenic environment, the signal source generates an electric signal. An electric-to-optical converter converts the electrical signal into an optical signal. The optical link delivers the optical signal into the cryogenic environment. Inside the cryogenic environment, an optical-to-electrical converter converts the optical signal back into an electrical signal. The optical-to-electrical converter transfers the electric signal to the signal target.

Abstract: An overtube assembly for use with an elongate medical tool includes an overtube including a flexible tubular body having a proximal end and distal end. The flexible tubular body includes a split extending from the proximal end to the distal end. The overtube assembly further includes an inflatable balloon coupled to a distal portion of the flexible tubular body. The flexible tubular body is disposable over a section of the elongate medical tool by inserting the elongate medical tool through the split.

Abstract: High strain hydraulically amplified self-healing electrostatic transducers having increased maximum theoretical and practical strains are disclosed. In particular, the actuators include electrode configurations having a zipping front created by the attraction of the electrodes that is configured orthogonally to a strain axis along which the actuators. This configuration produces increased strains. In turn, various form factors for the actuator configuration are presented including an artificial circular muscle and a strain amplifying pulley system. Other actuator configurations are contemplated that include independent and opposed electrode pairs to create cyclic activation, hybrid electrode configurations, and use of strain limiting layers for controlled deflection of the actuator.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to X-ray detectors and more particularly to a system and a method for integrating an anti-scattering grid with scintillators to significantly enhance the performance of flat panel X-ray detector. In particular, the performance of a flat panel X-ray detector may be enhanced by photon counting detector pixels configured underneath the septa of a 2D antiscatter grid.

Abstract: Through discrimination of the scattered signal polarization state, a lidar system measures a distance through semi-transparent media by the reception of single or multiple scattered signals from a scattering medium. Combined and overlapped single or multiple scattered light signals from the medium can be separated by exploiting varying polarization characteristics. This removes the traditional laser and detector pulse width limitations that determine the system's operational bandwidth, translating relative depth measurements into the conditions of two surface timing measurements and achieving sub-pulse width resolution.

Abstract: A direct line-of-sight (DLOS) radio frequency (RF) signal component and a reflected RF signal component of an RF carrier signal are received from a transmitter. The reflected component is reflected from a point on the surface of the earth. The DLOS component is converted to a digital DLOS intermediate frequency (IF) signal and the reflected component that is converted to a digital reflected IF signal. Modeled reference signal parameters are generated using the digital DLOS IF signal and known locations of the one or more antennas, the transmitter, and the point. A reference signal is generated based on the modeled reference signal parameters and feedback of a previously estimated phase correction (??). The reference signal is correlated with the digital reflected IF signal to produce in-phase and quadrature-phase correlation results. Estimated carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N0) and ?? values are calculated for the digital reflected IF signal from the correlation results.

Abstract: A personal protective equipment (PPE) apparatus for patient donning during medical treatment is disclosed. The apparatus includes a portable frame and cover configured to surround the patient and mitigate the spread of airborne pathogens generated by the patient to the healthcare provider and surrounding environment.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present technology generally relate to reflection suppressors. More specifically, some embodiments use elastomeric materials doped with optical absorbers for temporary suppression of Fresnel reflections for multiple substrates spanning wide spectral and angular bandwidth. The refractive index of the elastomer can be tuned to match a substrate and thereby minimize reflection. Some embodiments can use the addition of different absorptive dopants to allow for either broadband or wavelength-selective reflection suppression. As performance is limited only by index mismatch, both spectral and angular performance significantly exceed that of anti-reflection coatings. After use, these light traps may be removed and reused without damaging the substrate. These films have uses in spectroscopic ellipsometry, holography, and lithography.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating melanoma, in a subject in need of such a treatment, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the formula: I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or a combination thereof, wherein X1 and X2 are as defined herein. Methods of the invention can further include administering other oncolytic agents and/or immunotherapy in treating a patient with melanoma.

Abstract: A bidirectional mode-locked fiber laser includes first and second passive optical fibers, a doped optical fiber, first and second polarization controllers, and first and second polarized beamsplitters that are arranged as a ring cavity with clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) directions. The laser imparts different nonlinear phase shifts in the CW and CCW directions, corresponding to CW and CCW repetition rates that are slightly different. When the normalized difference in repetition rates is less than approximately 10?5, both directions can be mode-locked simultaneously, thereby preventing one direction from inhibiting mode-locking of the other direction. Optical-fiber nonlinearity implements an intra-cavity bidirectional artificial saturable absorber based on nonlinear polarization rotation. The laser uses only components with normal group-velocity dispersion (GVD), thereby achieving higher pulse energies than mode-locked lasers utilizing negative GVD.

Abstract: Systems and methods for azimuthal multiplexing using three-dimensional diffractive optics An azimuthal optical multiplexing system includes a light source. The system includes two or more at least partially transparent plates. Each plate of the two or more plates has a structured or patterned surface positioned in an optical path of the light source. The system includes means for rotating at least one plate of the two or more plates axially with respect to at least one other plate of the two or more plates. The means for rotating is operatively coupled to the at least one plate. The structured or patterned surface is configured to modulate light directed along the optical path and through the two or more plates.

Abstract: This invention is in the field of molecular biology, gene expression, functional genomics, and bioinformatics and relates to novel RNA and related structures and methods of use thereof that enables modulation of gene expression and preservation of particular transcriptome targets. The invention contemplates various applications of RNA sequences derived from the genomic RNA of flaviviruses (FVs) and the application of such features in combination with heterologous sequences.

Abstract: A method for direct measurement of gradients of patient compliance with a medication regimen by employing a stable non-radioactive isotope taggant compound as part of, bound to, or applied to an endogenous molecule. An assay to determine patient compliance with medication regimens for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis employing administering a taggant to a pharmacologically active compound, obtaining and collecting a patient tissue or fluid sample analyzing the collected tissue or fluid sample for the taggant concentration and interpreting data from the taggant concentration analysis as an indicator of gradients of patient compliance.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for forming an image of an object which involves focusing partially to fully spatially-coherent radiation onto a sample and collecting the resulting scattered radiation (the “standard data set”) on an array detector. In addition to the standard dataset, an additional measurement or plurality of measurements is made of a relatively-unscattered beam, using the array detector, which comprises the “modulus enforced probe (MEP) dataset”. This MEP dataset serves as an extra constraint, called the MEP constraint, in the phase retrieval algorithm used to reconstruct the image of the object.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and vectors for rational, multiplexed manipulation of chromosomes within open reading frames (e.g., in protein libraries) or any segment of a chromosome in a cell or population of cells, in which various CRISPR systems are used.

Abstract: Methods of using a phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110-delta inhibitor to treat, delay the onset, or slow the progression of an autoimmune disease or disorder in a subject, without suppressing the subject's B cell responses to exogenous antigens or rendering the subject immunocompromised, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110-delta inhibitors in amounts suitable for convenient and accurate administration within these therapeutic methods.

Abstract: A qubit array reparation system includes a reservoir of ultra-cold particle, a detector that determines whether or not qubit sites of a qubit array include respective qubit particles, and a transport system for transporting an ultra-cold particle to a first qubit array site that has been determined by the probe system to not include a qubit particle so that the ultra-cold particle can serve as a qubit particle for the first qubit array site. A qubit array reparation process includes maintaining a reservoir of ultra-cold particles, determining whether or not qubit-array sites contain respective qubit particles, each qubit particle having a respective superposition state, and, in response to a determination that a first qubit site does not contain a respective qubit particle, transporting an ultracold particle to the first qubit site to serve as a qubit particle contained by the first qubit site.