Abstract: A process for producing sulfuric acid and cement clinker may use calcium sulfate that is formed as a solid by-product and separated off in phosphoric acid production in a reaction of raw phosphate with sulfuric acid to form phosphoric acid. The process comprises treating calcium sulfate separated from the phosphoric acid with an acid to obtain a suspension comprising purified calcium sulfate, separating the purified calcium sulfate in solid form from the liquid phase of the suspension, mixing the purified calcium sulfate with admixtures and reducing agents to obtain a raw meal mixture for cement clinker production, burning the raw meal mixture to obtain the cement clinker, with formation of sulfur dioxide as offgas, and subjecting the sulfur dioxide formed to offgas purification and feeding the sulfur dioxide as raw material to sulfuric acid production to produce the sulfuric acid. The sulfuric acid produced may be used as starting material in phosphoric acid production.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing vinyl chloride by catalytic thermal cracking of 1,2-dichloroethane, in which method the heat required for the thermal cracking is supplied via a liquid or condensing heat transfer medium, wherein, the heat transfer medium is heated at least in part by means of waste heat from a plant for combusting liquid and/or gaseous residues of a chemical plant. The invention also relates to a plant for preparing vinyl chloride by catalytic thermal cracking of 1,2-dichloroethane. The heat required for thermal cracking can be obtained from cheaply available waste heat. For example, it is possible to temporarily heat the heat transfer medium exclusively by means of the second heating device operated by waste heat, wherein said waste heat can, for example, be waste heat from a plant for preparing vinyl chloride.

Abstract: A vibration damper for a vehicle may include an outer tube, a middle tube, and an inner tube arranged coaxially. A seal receiving element may be arranged between the inner tube and the middle tube on each side of a middle tube opening facing towards tube ends of the middle tube. A radially encircling sealing element may be arranged in the seal receiving element, and the sealing element may seal the middle tube compensation space relative to the outer tube compensation space at least with respect to damping medium. The seal receiving element may be configured at least partially as a coating element. The coating element may be disposed on the inner tube or the middle tube in a substance-to-substance bonded manner.

Abstract: A process may involve digesting raw phosphate with concentrated sulfuric acid and converting the raw phosphate to calcium sulfate in the form of dihydrate and/or hemihydrate, and phosphoric acid, separating off calcium sulfate as solid from a liquid phase of a suspension that is obtained, treating the calcium sulfate that is separated off or from a stockpile with an acid to give a suspension with purified calcium sulfate and P2O5-containing acid solution, separating off the purified calcium sulfate as solid from a liquid phase of a suspension obtained, using the P2O5-containing liquid phase as a portion of the sulfuric acid required for digesting the raw phosphate or as feedstock for treating phosphogypsum from the stockpile to give a suspension of purified calcium sulfate and P2O5-containing acid solution, which is thereafter processed.

Abstract: The disclosure includes a Steering column for a motor vehicle including at least two structural elements configured to be adjusted relative to each other and a linear adjustment drive configured to be adjusted in an adjustment direction in a motorised manner along an adjustment axis (S) configured to engage one of the at least two structural elements, and wherein an energy absorption device comprising an energy absorption element is arranged between the linear adjustment drive and at least one of the at least two structural elements. The energy absorption element includes an inner portion coaxial relative to the adjustment axis (S) and connected by an at least partially coaxially extending shaping portion in a sleeve-like manner to an outer portion of the energy absorption element which is arranged coaxially at the outer side thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing vinyl chloride by catalytic thermal cracking of 1,2-dichloroethane, in which method the heat required for the thermal cracking is supplied via a liquid or condensing heat transfer medium. The present invention also relates to a plant for preparing vinyl chloride by catalytic thermal cracking of 1,2-dichloroethane, in which the heat required for the thermal cracking, as well as for the preceding preheating, evaporation and optionally overheating of the 1,2-dichloroethane, is supplied via a liquid or condensing heat transfer medium, said plant comprising at least one reactor in which the thermal cracking takes place and at least one first heating device by means of which heat is transported to the reaction medium in the reactor by means of the liquid or condensing heat transfer medium.

Abstract: A watercraft may include a first shaped charge as well as a second shaped charge. The second shaped charge may be positioned behind the first shaped charge in an effective direction of the first shaped charge. The effective direction of the first shaped charge and an effective direction of the second shaped charge may run to a common target point. At least one of the first shaped charge or the second shaped charge is movable. Further, a distance sensor may be configured to detect a distance between the watercraft and an object positioned in front of the watercraft. An electronic evaluation and control system can process the distance that is detected by the distance sensor and move at least one of the first shaped charge or the second shaped charge based on the distance that is detected.

Abstract: An electromechanical steering system may include a reduction gearbox where a worm gear is mounted in first and second bearings rotatably about a longitudinal axis. Rolling elements are disposed between inner and outer rings of the bearings. The inner rings are rotationally fixed on a shaft driven by the worm gear. A spring element is disposed between the inner ring of the second bearing and the worm gear. The spring element has an at least partially annular main body that when installed extends coaxially with the longitudinal axis. Spring arms in a circumferential direction are spaced apart from the longitudinal axis emanating from an external circumferential side of the main body. A first spring arm has a first leg that points away from the longitudinal axis and a second leg on which a free end is disposed, with the second leg running at least partially parallel to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A delaboration chamber has an outer housing that can be sealed by a removable cover. The delaboration chamber has an inner floor. A first chamber region is formed underneath the inner floor by the inner floor and the outer housing. The first chamber region is filled with a flowable or solid medium. The inner floor has a recess for receiving an explosive object. The cover is connected to the outer housing in a shockproof manner. The cover has a pressure relief that has at least one deflection for the detonation gases.

Abstract: A steering column for a motor vehicle comprises an actuating unit. A steering spindle is mounted rotatably about a longitudinal axis extending in the longitudinal direction. A supporting unit is connectable to a motor vehicle body and in which the actuating unit is held so as to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction. An energy absorption device, which is incorporated between the supporting unit and the actuating unit, has an elongate energy absorption element fastened to the actuating unit or to the supporting unit via a fastening. A deformation member, which interacts with the energy absorption element, is attached to the supporting unit or to the actuating unit. In the event of a crash with a relative displacement of actuating unit and supporting unit, the deformation member brings about an energy-absorbing plastic deformation of the energy absorption element.

Abstract: A controllable vibration damper includes a damping force control system, having a damper housing tube. The damper is at least partially filled with a damping medium. A damping valve for damping force control is arranged on and fluidly connected to the damper housing tube. The damper housing tube has an inner tube, which is inserted into the tubular damper housing via a bottom valve element. The vibration damper has a piston rod, which can be moved longitudinally in the inner tube and has a working piston.

Abstract: An electromechanical steering system includes a steering shaft by means of which a steering command can be specified by means of a steering handling device, a steering gear, which is designed to convert a steering command into a steering movement of steerable wheels of a motor vehicle, taking into account at least one input variable. A magnetic torque sensor device measures a torque applied to the steering shaft. The torque sensor device comprises a sensor for detecting an uncompensated measurement signal (T). The torque sensor device comprises a computing unit, which is designed to provide a first parameter and a second parameter for compensation of the uncompensated measurement signal (T) and to calculate a compensated measurement signal (T*) based on the uncompensated measurement signal (T) and the two parameters and to provide this compensated measurement signal (T) as the at least one input variable.

Abstract: A steering column for a motor vehicle including a first component, a second component, wherein the first component and the second component are adjustable relative to one another in two non-parallel adjustment directions. A position detection device having a sensor connected to the first component including at least one sensor unit and a sensor target connected to the second component comprising at least one target unit, wherein the sensor is configured to detect relative position of the sensor target, wherein the target unit includes a measurement portion extending in the two adjustment directions which has a local measuring quantity varying in each of the two adjustment directions that can be detected locally by the sensor unit.

Abstract: Apparatuses and processes may be utilized for mixing used polyester into a polyester melt. In some processes an intermediate product stream is branched off from an intermediate stage in a virgin polyester production process. The intermediate product stream is then mixed with recycled polyester flakes in a dynamic mixer, where not more than 60% of a melting energy required to melt all the recycled polyester flakes is generated and/or supplied in the dynamic mixer. The mixture produced in this way is fed into a subsequent stage downstream of the intermediate stage and converted up to the desired degree of polycondensation. In this way, it is possible to physically reutilize used polyester or polyester waste.

Abstract: A method may produce an axially movable connection between two components with a plastic as a sliding material arranged therebetween. The method may involve providing the two components and either at least one of the two components has a plastic coating or a plastic sleeve is provided between the components, joining the two components to form a unit via a pressing force in an axial direction, clamping the unit in a device in which the two components are clampable and subjectable to a displacement force in the axial direction, pressing a sonotrode against an outer of the two components and bracing the outer component against a counter-holder, injecting an ultrasound signal into the sonotrode and moving the two components back and forth in the axial direction until a displacement force or a displacement velocity reaches a target, and ending the ultrasound signal and removing the unit from the device.

Abstract: A reactor may have a catalyst bed for the catalytic treatment of a gas stream, with the catalyst bed extending substantially over a cross section of the reactor. Gas to be treated may axially fly through the catalyst bed. A carrier structure for the catalyst bed that is at least partly floatingly mounted in the reactor may include a sieve element and, radially outwardly, carrier elements fixedly joined to the reactor wall below the sieve element. The sieve element provides a resting surface for the catalyst bed. The sieve element terminates, radially outwardly, at a distance from the reactor wall. The carrier structure also includes support elements for the sieve element that are floatingly mounted in the reactor. An improved floating mounting is thus provided where not only the sieve element itself but also further parts of the carrier structure are mounted to prevent stresses due to thermal expansion.

Abstract: A method and a high-pressure system for determining a flow control variable of a fluid flow flowing through a high-pressure-side high-pressure pump outlet of a high-pressure pump are provided. An externally arranged ultrasonic measuring device measures a flow speed of a fluid flow flowing through a pipe of the high-pressure-side high-pressure pump outlet. A use of an ultrasonic measuring device is provided for determining a flow value to be achieved of a fluid flow flowing through a thick-walled pipe. The ultrasonic measuring device is arranged on the outside on the thick-walled pipe of the high-pressure pump outlet. The pipe has a ratio of the internal diameter to the external diameter of 1:1.5 to 1:5. The ultrasonic measuring device dynamically measures the flow speed of the fluid flow and transmits this measured flow speed to an evaluation unit to compute a current flow value and the flow control variable.

Abstract: A method of operating a steer-by-wire steering system of a motor vehicle to convert a steering command into a steering movement of steerable wheels of a motor vehicle is disclosed. The method includes sending a control signal to an electric motor of a steering actuator and converting the received control signal into a mechanical movement of the steering actuator by the electric motor, wherein the steering actuator acts on a coupling element, and wherein the electric motor is operated in a generator mode.

Abstract: A method can be used to adapt a steering torque for controlling a feedback actuator of a steer-by-wire motor vehicle steering system. The method may involve providing a basic steering torque, providing a rack-force-based steering torque, determining a difference between the basic steering torque and the rack-force-based steering torque, and if the difference exceeds a predetermined limit value adapting the basic steering torque to the rack-force-based steering torque and transmitting a resulting steering torque to control the feedback actuator. However, if the difference remains below the predetermined limit value, then the method may involve transmitting the basic steering torque to control the feedback actuator.

Abstract: An adjustment drive for a steering column for a motor vehicle may include a housing that is able to be connected to the steering column, in which a gear wheel that is able to be rotatingly driven by a motor is mounted in a bearing assembly so as to be rotatable about a spindle axis, and on which a threaded spindle that engages in a spindle nut is axially supported in a direction of the spindle axis. To enable less complexity in manufacturing and assembling, an energy absorbing installation is disposed between the threaded spindle and the housing. When repositioning the threaded spindle relative to the housing in the direction of the spindle axis, the energy absorbing installation is configured to absorb kinetic energy.