Abstract: A positioning method includes a layering step of layering a first object and a second object, a detection step of detecting, after the layering step, a first signal obtained from a first array body of the first object, a second signal obtained from a second array body of the first object, a third signal obtained from the second array body of the second object, and a fourth signal obtained from the first array body of the second object, a calculating step of calculating positional deviation between the first object and the second object by respectively fitting the first to fourth signals, and an adjustment step of adjusting the positional deviation. The first array body has a first periodic structure having a period p1, and the second array body has a second periodic structure having a period p2. Neither the first array body nor the second array body of the first object overlaps the second array body or the first array body of the second object when the first object and the second object are layered.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide fixation method, recovery method, fixation device and environmentally friendly industrial facility which can reduce material and facility costs. In aqueous solution formation, alkaline solution including: raw material including metal element which can combine with carbonate ions to form carbonate mineral; and chelating agent is formed. In separation, element is reacted with agent in solution to separate element from raw material as metal ions. In mineral formation, compound which can generate carbonate ions is added into solution to react ions generated from compound with metal ions to form carbonate mineral. In pH lowering, carbon dioxide gas is injected into solution to lower pH thereof to a value of or near pH of solution formed in the solution formation. In repetition, new raw material is added into solution to perform separation to pH lowering steps.

Abstract: A method for producing a three-dimensional structure, a method for producing a vertical transistor, a vertical transistor wafer, and a vertical transistor substrate, capable of suppressing the emission of Si due to a heat treatment and making an interface between an oxide film and a core mainly consisting of Si relatively smooth include: forming a three-dimensional shape by processing (for example, by etching) a surface layer of a monocrystalline silicon substrate, the surface layer having an oxygen concentration of 1×1017 atoms/cm3 or more; and then forming an oxide film on the surface of the three-dimensional shape by performing a heat treatment. The three-dimensional structure has a shape having projections and recesses in a thickness direction of the silicon substrate, and a height in the thickness direction of the silicon substrate is between 1 nm and 1000 nm, and preferably between 1 nm and 100 nm.

Abstract: A laser light source includes: a resonance unit with a light emitter; and an optical negative feedback unit. The resonance unit includes: a first waveguide; a first reflector to input the reflected light to the first waveguide; a second waveguide; a second reflector connected to the second waveguide; and a ring resonator between the first waveguide and the second waveguide. The light from the first reflector is blocked from the ring resonator and partially transmitted to a first end of the first waveguide opposite to a second end connected to the light emitter and the first reflector. The optical negative feedback unit includes: a third waveguide to which the light transmitted to the first end of the first waveguide is inputted; and a third reflector connected to the third waveguide. The light from the third reflector is inputted to the first waveguide via the third waveguide.

Abstract: A high-order harmonic observation device includes: an output unit which outputs a first pulse light having a prescribed wavelength and a prescribed pulse width; an optical delay circuit to which the first pulse light is input, and which coaxially outputs a pair of second pulse lights having a time difference relative to each other and inputs the pair of second pulse lights to a measurement object to generate a high-order harmonic; and a detection unit which detects the high-order harmonic.

Abstract: A scintillator, having a composition represented by the following general formula (1), including a substitution element A, the substitution element A comprising at least La, and a total molar content of the substitution element A being 0.00001 mol or more and 0.05 mol or less in 1 mol of the scintillator, and further including an activator element B, the activator element B being constituted from Ce, having a perovskite-type crystal structure, and exhibiting a linear transmittance of light at a wavelength of 800 nm, at a thickness of 1.9 mm, of 30% or more. QMxO3y . . . (1): wherein Q represents one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr and Ba; M represents Hf; Q and M are each optionally substituted with other element at a proportion of 20% by mol or less; and x and y respectively satisfy 0.5?x?1.5 and 0.7?y?1.5.

Abstract: A method of synthesize cysteine hydropersulfide (CysSSH) includes taking a substrate L-cysteine, and performing a reaction catalyzed by cysteinyl-tRNA synthetases (CARSs).

Abstract: There is provided a functional element that includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed to face the first substrate, and a buffer layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. The buffer layer has, in a layer thereof, a distribution of concentration of a metallic element. The distribution changes in a film thickness direction.

Abstract: An antibody that binds to HER2 expressed on a cancer cell or a fragment of the HER2, or an antigen binding fragment thereof are disclosed. Uses of the antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof are disclosed. The antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof is useful to target a HER2 expressing cancer cells. A-pharmaceutical composition containing the antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof is also disclosed.

Abstract: A cavitation nozzle is disclosed, including a plate, a hollow body, and a cap removably engaged with the hollow body and holding the plate against a distal end of the hollow body. The plate may have a central aperture and a distal surface, wherein the distal surface is bisected by a groove and the hollow body is configured to deliver high pressure fluid through the central aperture. The delivered high pressure fluid may be discharged as a cavitating jet.

Abstract: Disclosed is a natural language processing technique according to a neural network of high interpretive ability. One embodiment of the present disclosure relates to an apparatus including a trained neural network into which first natural language text is input and that is trained to output second natural language text and alignment information, the second natural language text being in accordance with a predetermined purpose corresponding to the first natural language text, and the alignment information indicating, for each part of the second natural language text, which part of the first natural language text is a basis of information for generation; and an analyzing unit configured to output, upon input text being input into the trained neural network, a predicted result of output text in accordance with a predetermined purpose, and alignment information indicating, for each part of the predicted result of the output text, which part of the input text is a basis of information for generation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device with low power and high performance, which can be applied to sensor nodes, a sensor node using the same, an access controller, a data transfer method, and execute a processing method in a microcontroller. The device has: an MRAM; a non-volatile CPU configured to include a nonvolatile memory; a non-volatile FPGA-ACC configured to include a nonvolatile memory and execute a part of operations on the nonvolatile CPU; and a power-gating control unit that controls power supply to each memory cell in the MRAM, the non-volatile CPU, and the non-volatile FPGA-ACC. The device is further provided with an access controller that controls accesses to the MRAM by reading data in advance and backing up the data when data is to be read from the MRAM.

Abstract: An electrochemical measurement device for measuring a chemical substance generated or consumed in a biological sample in a solution includes electrode surfaces, a spacer, and at least one wall plate. The electrode surfaces, the spacer, and the wall plate are arranged on the same flat surface. Each of the electrode surfaces has a diameter del not more than 80 ?m. A height of the spacer has a predetermined value within a range given by h=21.8(del+0.8)/(del+9.7)±5 [?m]. The spacer has a structure in which an enclosed three-dimensional region is not formed by the biological sample, the flat surface, and the spacer while the biological sample is in contact with the spacer. The wall plate has a property of being impervious to a dissolved substance in the solution and has a height not less than the height of the spacer. Two of the electrode surfaces are separated by the wall plate.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment includes a processing container, a stage, a dielectric plate, an upper electrode, an introduction part, a driving shaft, and an actuator. The stage is provided in the processing container. The dielectric plate is provided above the stage via a space in the processing container. The upper electrode has flexibility, is provided above the dielectric plate, and provides a gap between the dielectric plate and the upper electrode. The introduction part is an introduction part of radio frequency waves that are VHF waves or UHF waves, is provided at a horizontal end portion of the space. The driving shaft is coupled to the upper electrode on a central axial line of the processing container. The actuator is configured to move the driving shaft in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A composition for a calcium battery electrolyte includes a calcium salt containing at least a calcium atom, a boron atom, and a hydrogen atom and having a cage structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a platinum-based sputtering target containing platinum or a platinum alloy. The platinum-based sputtering target of the present invention is characterized by a material structure in a thickness-direction cross section thereof. Specifically, when a thickness-direction cross section is equally divided into n sections (n=5 to 20) along a thickness direction, a region including (n?2) sections excluding both end sections is set as a determination region, and when an average grain size in each of the sections is measured in the determination region, as well as an average grain size in the entire determination region is measured, the average grain size in the entire determination region is 150 ?m or less, and a coefficient of variation calculated based on the average grain size in each of the sections of the determination region is 15% or less.

Abstract: A processing circuit according to an embodiment includes a plurality of logic gates in combination each of which is configured to probabilistically determine, based on signal values of one or two or more input nodes and output nodes at a certain time, signal values at at least one of the input nodes and the output nodes at a subsequent time, in which the processing circuit controls the signal values based on a relationship to be satisfied between at least some nodes of the input nodes and the output nodes.

Abstract: An electrostatic transducer including a displacement plate having a fixed portion fixed to a support and a fluctuating portion provided so as to freely fluctuate with respect to the fixed portion. At least a portion of a detection means is attached to the fluctuating portion so as to freely fluctuate together with the fluctuating portion, and is provided so as to be able to detect the fluctuation of the fluctuating portion as a change in electrostatic capacitance. The detection means is arranged in a vacuum or low-pressure space.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing recycled aluminum includes: disposing an aluminum alloy anode and a cathode in a facing manner in a molten salt, supplying a current between the aluminum alloy anode and the cathode at a temperature at which the aluminum alloy anode is in a solid state and the molten salt is in a liquid state to dissolve the aluminum alloy anode, and depositing an aluminum precipitate on the cathode.

Abstract: A high-speed nano mist is a group of liquid droplets having a particle diameter of 1 nm to 10000 nm and flying at a speed of 50 m/s to 1000 m/s.