Abstract: A composition suitable for manufacturing components and devices (e.g., optical or electronic components, films, and devices) is disclosed. Such compositions may comprise a first compound having a first polymerizable group, a second polymerizable group, and a third polymerizable group. The first compound preferably has no aromatic group, and the second compound is preferably able to generate a radical by cleavage of a bond of the second compound. The first polymerizable group, the second polymerizable group and the third polymerizable group may be identical substituents. Further, the first polymerizable group may be connected to a first chain connected to a first atom; the second polymerizable group may be connected to a second chain connected to the first atom; and the third polymerizable group may be connected to a third chain connected to the first atom.

Abstract: A reagent that enhances acid generation of a photoacid generator and composition containing such reagent is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for forming a liquid crystal layer which enables to achieve takt time reduction and high display quality. The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a liquid crystal material, and a monomer, the monomer being a compound having a structure that generates ketyl radicals when undergoing a hydrogen abstraction reaction caused by exposure to light.

Abstract: Described is a reagent that enhances acid generation of a photoacid generator and a composition containing such reagent.

Abstract: An onium salt represented by formula (a).

Abstract: A reagent that enhances acid generation of a photoacid generator and composition containing such reagent is disclosed. Also described is a method for manufacturing a device, the method including applying a liquid containing a composition to a member such that a coating film including the composition is formed on the member; and exposing the coating film to at least one of a first electromagnetic ray and a first particle ray such that a first portion of the coating film is exposed to the at least one of the first electromagnetic ray and the first particle ray while a second portion of the coating film is not exposed to the at least one of the first electromagnetic ray and the first particle ray.

Abstract: A reagent that enhances acid generation of a photoacid generator and composition containing such a reagent is described.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a polymer of which structure is exactly controlled is disclosed.

Abstract: Plates suitable for cultivation of cells to form spheroids are disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions are for formation of etch-resistant resins. Such resins are useful for manufacturing components or devices.

Abstract: A reagent that enhances acid generation of a photoacid generator and composition containing such reagent is disclosed. Described is a reagent that generates a first chemical species in at least one of a composition including the reagent, a solution of the composition, and a film formed of the composition. Further described is a reagent that generates a first product in at least one of a composition including the reagent, a solution of the composition, and a film formed of the composition.

Abstract: Provided is a sulfonium salt manufacturing method which can reduce the production of a monosulfonium salt. A method of manufacturing a sulfonium salt includes preparing a first sulfonium salt containing a sulfonium cation and a first anion, preparing a second sulfonium salt by exchanging the first anion for a halide ion, and preparing a third sulfonium salt by exchanging the halide ion for a second anion.

Abstract: Provided is an electrolyte solution for secondary batteries that has safety properties of non-flammability and nonvolatility thanks to the use of an ionic liquid and that can alleviate the decrease in electric conductivity and the increase in the internal resistance of the battery during low-temperature operation.

Abstract: Described is a resinous article of manufacture that is wrinkle-resistant and is warpage-resistant when subjected to very high temperatures. Such an article is useful as an optical lens.

Abstract: Provided is a sulfonium salt manufacturing method which can reduce the production of a monosulfonium salt. A method of manufacturing a sulfonium salt includes preparing a first sulfonium salt containing a sulfonium cation and a first anion, preparing a second sulfonium salt by exchanging the first anion for a halide ion, and preparing a third sulfonium salt by exchanging the halide ion for a second anion.

Abstract: A suitable composition for manufacturing components and devices is disclosed.

Abstract: A reagent that enhances acid generation of a photoacid generator and composition containing such reagent is disclosed.

Abstract: A photosensitive compound represented by formula (1) or formula (2). (Chemical formula 1) (In formula (1) and formula (2), n is an integer of 1-3; R1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms or an alkylene group having 2-6 carbon atoms formed from two R1 together; R2 is —NR3R4; R3 and R4 are each independently a linear or branched alkyl group or alkenyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkylene group having 2-6 carbon atoms formed by R3 and R4 together, or a linear or branched alkylene group or alkenylene group having 3-8 carbon atoms optionally containing an oxygen atom or nitrogen atom.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric constant anisotropy, at least one of the pair of substrates is provided with an alignment film for vertically aligning adjacent liquid crystal molecules, and a polymer layer formed on the alignment film for controlling the alignment of the adjacent liquid crystal molecules, the polymer layer is formed by polymerization of at least one monomer, the polymerization being initiated by radicals generated of the monomer upon absorption of light, the alignment film includes a polymer compound having a main chain that contains an imide structure, and the main chain has an imidization ratio of less than 50%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which image sticking seldom occurs. The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric constant anisotropy, at least one of the pair of substrates is provided with an alignment film for vertically aligning adjacent liquid crystal molecules, and a polymer layer formed on the alignment film for controlling the alignment of the adjacent liquid crystal molecules, and the polymer layer is formed by polymerization of at least one monomer, the polymerization being initiated by radicals generated of the monomer upon absorption of light.