Abstract: Operations of a method include receiving a request to enhance a new source audio. Responsive to the request, the new source audio is input into a prediction model that was previously trained. Training the prediction model includes providing a generative adversarial network including the prediction model and a discriminator. Training data is obtained including tuples of source audios and target audios, each tuple including a source audio and a corresponding target audio. During training, the prediction model generates predicted audios based on the source audios. Training further includes applying a loss function to the predicted audios and the target audios, where the loss function incorporates a combination of a spectrogram loss and an adversarial loss. The prediction model is updated to optimize that loss function. After training, based on the new source audio, the prediction model generates a new predicted audio as an enhanced version of the new source audio.

Abstract: Methods described herein enable the production of numerous molecular species through decarboxylative cross-coupling via use of photoredox and transition metal catalysts. For example, methods described herein enable the production of numerous molecular species through decarboxylative cross-coupling via use of photoredox and transition metal catalysts. A method described herein, in some embodiments, comprises providing a reaction mixture including a photoredox catalyst, a transition metal catalyst, a coupling partner and a substrate having a carboxyl group. The reaction mixture is irradiated with a radiation source resulting in cross-coupling of the substrate and coupling partner via a mechanism including decarboxylation, wherein the coupling partner is selected from the group consisting of a substituted aromatic compound and a substituted aliphatic compound.

Abstract: From diagnostic imaging to drug delivery, nanoparticles have found a tremendous variety of uses across fields. Often, when designing these nanoscale constructs, the two most important criteria are particle size and core loading. For example, small particles below 100 nm can have many advantages for drug delivery—including improved specificity to tumors through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Likewise, higher loading nanoparticles translate very well to more effective drug delivery and cancer imaging—allowing for lower dosage and reduced costs. Traditional formulations of nanoparticles using drug absorption or precipitation methods generally struggle to obtain >50% loading. Disclosed herein is a precipitation process allowing for production of stable particles at very high core loading by taking advantage of different time scales while maintaining biologically relevant sizes.

Abstract: A heterogeneous microprocessor configured to perform classification on an input signal. The heterogeneous microprocessor includes a die with a central processing unit (CPU) a programmable feature-extraction accelerator (FEA) and a classifier. The FEA is configured to perform feature extraction on the input signal to generate feature data. The classifier is configured to perform classification on the feature data and the CPU is configured to provide processing after classification. The FEA may be configured with a plurality of Gene-Computation (GC) Cores. The FEA may be configured for genetic programing with gene depth constraints, gene number constraints and base function constraints. The classifier may be a support-vector machine accelerator (SVMA). The SVMA may include training data based on error-affected feature data. The heterogeneous microprocessor may also include an automatic-programming & classifier training module.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an all-digital phase and timing correction procedure for coherent averaging in dual-comb and multiheterodyne spectroscopy—applicable to any dual-comb spectroscopy setup. It can account for large frequency/phase instabilities of the used sources, yielding a significant reduction of the noise pedestal and an increase in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the radio frequency (RF) beat notes. This technique is computationally efficient and can be conveniently implemented either as a post-processing algorithm or in a real-time data acquisition and processing platform without the necessity of adding any additional optical elements to the dual-comb spectroscopy system. By implementing this technique, the performance of any comb- or comb-like-source-based DCS system with a sufficient degree of mutual coherence between the optical modes can be improved in terms of SNR and number of spectroscopically-usable RF beat notes.

Abstract: Described herein are microfluidic devices and methods that can greatly improve cell quality, streamline workflows, and lower costs. Applications include research and clinical diagnostics in cancer, infectious disease, and inflammatory disease, among other disease areas.

Abstract: A method for producing metabolites that are heavy alcohols, and particularly branched-chain alcohols is provided, involving contacting a suitable substrate with recombinant microorganisms. The microorganisms contain at least one deletion, disruptions, or mutations from the GLN gene family, VPS gene family, GNP gene family, AVT gene family, GCN gene family, or YDR391C, and combinations thereof, and overproduce the heavy alcohol as compared to a wild-type yeast strain.

Abstract: Ultra-lightweight aerogels and methods for fabricating such aerogels from ammonia borane and a support structure, where the support structure is either two-dimensional nanostructures, or hydrocarbon polymer colloids. The components are mixed, then annealed. The properties of the disclosed aerogels can be tuned by controlling the ratio between the support structure and the ammonia borane, or by infiltrating the aerogels with additives.

Abstract: Described herein are devices and methods for high throughput purification of particles. In some cases, methods and devices described herein can be used to remove erythrocytes and purify leukocytes and raise the quality of umbilical cord blood and other transplant grafts, thereby significantly improving patient outcomes.

Abstract: A precipitation route to form nanoparticles with a hydrophilic core containing water soluble materials and a hydrophobic shell is described. The process requires a stabilizing polymer composed of more polar and more non-polar regions. These regions can be arranged as a linear block copolymer, or as a comb polymer with a linear or branched polar backbone and non-polar side chains or substituents. Nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA, as well as proteins, peptides, and polysaccharides or combinations can be encapsulated in the nanoparticle core. The encapsulation of nucleic acids can require partially or fully neutralizing the acid with a base to enhance the solubility of the nucleic acid in the process solvent stream. The core or the shell of the resulting nanoparticles can be crosslinked. The nanoparticles may be coated with additional polymer to bring them into water, or processed into microparticles or larger monoliths.

Abstract: An anomalous battery operating detection device, which includes a sensing unit capable of measuring mechanical properties of a battery, coupled to a processor for determining whether anomalous behavior has been detected. These devices measure a mechanical property, identifying a difference in the property, and based on that difference, making a determination of anomalous behavior. Non-mechanical properties may also be utilized when making the determination. Responsive actions can be taken once the anomalous behavior is detected. The battery can be intercalated, and may be a lithium-ion battery cell. Alternatively, the sensing unit may measure strain. In addition, more than one sensing unit may be utilized, or a separate light source may be introduced. The system may be configured to allow the processor to determine the potential for failure before the battery fails.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electromagnetic-circuit co-design approach for massively reconfigurable, multifunctional, and high-speed programmable metasurfaces with integrated chip tiling. The ability to manipulate the incident electromagnetic fields in a dynamically programmable manner and at high speeds using integrated chip tiling approach is also disclosed. The scalable architecture uses electromagnetic-circuit co-design of metasurfaces where each individual subwavelength meta-element is uniquely addressable and programmable. The disclosed device comprises a large array of such meta-elements. The design relies on integrated high frequency switches designed in conjugation with meta-element for massive reconfigurability of incident amplitude and phase. The disclosed chip is multi-functional and can perform beamforming, high speed spatial light modulation, dynamic holographic projections, and wavefront manipulation.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and methods by which the determination of pattern recognition may be facilitated. More specifically, the present invention is a system and methods by which a plurality of computations may be conducted simultaneously to expedite the efficient determination of pattern recognition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for calculating genetic score based on genotypic information that predicts plasticity in a phenotype. More particularly, disclosed is an algorithm to calculate a particular type of genetic score based on basic genotypic information that is provided by commercially available technologies ranging from “SNP-chips” to whole genome sequencing. Polygenic scores— attempts to summarize the genetic propensity for or risk of a given phenotype (i.e., disease or trait)—have been around for more than a decade. They aim to predict the level of a trait—i.e., how tall or short someone may be or what their blood pressure or BMI might be. The Variation Polygenic Score (“vPGS”) disclosed herein is different. Its purpose is not to predict whether someone who scores higher or lower on the vPGS will be, for instance, heavier or lighter or have a higher or lower IQ. Rather, it is formulated to predict variation. The disclosed vPGS does not predict the mean level but rather the dispersion around that mean.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for experimentally optimizing information quality and engagement in crowd sourced evaluation systems. It allows estimating efficiencies of different strategies to provide the greatest opportunity for social learning. It can be used for continuous tuning of social feedback. Also disclosed is a system that allows experimentation with crowd sourced evaluations of virtual services. The experimental system supports large scale online recruitment of participants into web-browser 3D virtual world. The virtual world can be designed to approximate several types of real-world, distributed information systems. Social influences can be experimentally introduced into the feedback system in order to empirically optimize its utility.

Abstract: A method and compositions of matter for treating or preventing an auto-immune disorder or immune response in a patient, that includes providing a therapeutic dose to the patient of a substituted indole compound having at least one substitution, wherein the substituted indole compound has only one thiol group, and wherein the ring the thiol group is attached to only contains one N or O atom.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and method for active stabilization of parasitic fringes in optical spectrometers, wherein the spectrometer obtains the transmission spectrum, and a signal processor extracts the etalon drift from the spectral signatures of parasitic fringes. The disclosed approach improves spectrometer accuracy, minimizes drift, and increases time between calibrations.

Abstract: Disclosed are a procedure and system for live monitoring of staining quality and heavy metal diffusion during electron microscopy preparation protocols for biological samples. The disclosed approach employs x-rays via, e.g., a commercially available micro-CT device, to observe and measure the diffusion and distribution of the heavy metals during conventional biological sample staining procedures for electron microscopy. This allows one to observe and check the quality and homogeneity of the staining without damaging or destroying the sample.

Abstract: Described herein are chimeric polypeptides that include one or more Rubisco-binding motifs (RBMs) and a heterologous polypeptide. Additional aspects of the present disclosure provide genetically altered plants having a chimeric polypeptide including one or more Rubisco-binding motifs (RBMs) and a heterologous polypeptide. Further aspects of the present disclosure relate to genetically altered plants having a stabilized polypeptide including two or more RBMs and one or both of an algal Rubisco-binding membrane protein (RBMP) and a Rubisco small subunit (SSU) protein. Other aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods of making such chimeric polypeptides and plants, as well as cultivating these genetically altered plants.

Abstract: Methods for the hydroalkenylation of conjugated, 1,3-dienes using a diimine catalyst. The method comprises mixing a diene having at least five carbon atoms and an iron diimine complex at a temperature of about ?60° C. to about 23° C. to provide a catalyst solution; and introducing one or more alpha olefins at a pressure of at least 300 psig to obtain a product comprising the substituted diene monomer.