Abstract: Aqueous emulsions and a process for producing aqueous emulsions useful in air drying and stoving paints with improved stability over long periods are described. Fatty acid esters carrying ether-like bound polyethyleneglycol radicals are reacted with conventional alkyd resin raw materials to provide an alkyd resin intermediate which is esterified with an acidic vinyl copolymer carrying methacrylic acid and oil fatty acid radicals. The excellent stability characteristics of the products, despite the relatively low content of polyglycol of from 3 to 8%, is believed due to the substantially unsaponifiable linkage of the stabilizing groups to the resin molecule.

Abstract: Improved air drying emulsions based on oil and phenol modified alkyd resins are described. The emulsions provide enhanced storage stability over long periods, primarily due to the introduction of carboxyl group containing copolymers. The enhanced storage stability is observable in the resins prior to incorporation into a paint formulation and in a paint formulation.

Abstract: Binders water-dilutable upon neutralization with inorganic and/or organic acids comprising the reaction product of (A) resins having at least 2 1,2-epoxy groups per molecule and an epoxy equivalent of at least 160; and (B) a semiester of a dicarboxylic acid and an N-2-hydroxyalkyloxazolidine, and a process for the formation of the binders, is described. The binders have sufficient basic groups for neutralization with acids to provide water dilutability, as well as the functional groups required for crosslinking of the binders. The binders upon stoving provide films with good resistance characteristics and have reduced losses.

Abstract: Self-crosslinking coating compositions which are cathodically deposited on electrodeposition of paints containing the coating compositions and a process for producing aqueous solutions of the self-crosslinking coating compositions by acid neutralization are described. The coating compositions are the reaction products of a resin carrying amine groups and hydroxyl or carboxyl groups, and the reaction product carrying one free isocyanate group of a polyisocyanate and at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least one isocyanate reactive hydrogen atom and the group ##STR1## The cathodically depositable electrodeposition paints cure rapidly at relatively low temperatures to provide films which are highly resistant to corrosive influences.

Abstract: Process of producing, and binders water soluble upon neutralization with acids which are depositable at the cathode of an electrodeposition system and can be crosslinked through thermic polymerization without additional crosslinking components characterized in that (A) 1 mole of an isocyanate having the formula OCN--R--(NCO).sub.n, in which R is an aromatic, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical and n is 1 or 2, is reacted at from 0.degree.-50.degree. C., with(a) from 0.1 to 0.5 moles, if n=1, or 0.1 to 1.0 moles, if n=2, of a tertiary dialkylalkanol amine, and subsequently with(b) from 0.5 to 0.9 moles, if n=1, or 1.0 to 1.9 moles, if n=2, of a compound carrying one free hydroxy group and 1-3 CH.sub.2 =CR.sub.1 groups, where R.sub.1 =H or CH.sub.3, and(B) the intermediate resulting from (A) carrying an average of 1 free isocyanate group is reacted at from 10.degree.-100.degree. C.

Abstract: Cathodically depositable paint binders, water-soluble upon neutralization with acids, and the method of preparing the paint binders based on amine-epoxy adducts which crosslink at elevated temperature through polyurethane formation are described. The paint binders are prepared by reacting per mole of expoxide groups of a polymer having an epoxy equivalent of between about 180 and 1500 from about 3 to 70 mole percent of a polyisocyanate adduct having substantially no free NCO content and carrying per molecule at least one carboxyl group. Basic functionality is provided by reacting the epoxy-containing polymer, before or after reaction with the polyisocyanate adduct, with secondary aliphatic amines and/or alkanol amines. The binders, in addition to providing stable aqueous solutions when neutralized with an inorganic or organic acid, have good resistance to corrosion and solvents.

Abstract: Paint binders having an intrinsic viscosity of from 8-15 ml/g which are water soluble upon neutralization with bases comprising the condensation reaction product of(A) 50-85% by weight of a polyester resin modified with 5-40% by weight of a polysiloxane of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or alkoxy radical,R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical andn is an integer of from 0-40;said modified polyester having a hydroxyl number of from about 50-400 mg KOH/g, an acid value of below about 10 mg KOH/g, and an intrinsic viscosity of from about 6-11 ml/g, measured in dimethylformamide at 20.degree. C.; and(B) 15-50% by weight of a film forming resin containing carboxyl groups to provide an acid value of from about 100-300 mg KOH/g and an intrinsic viscosity of from about 5-9 ml/g, measured in dimethylformamide at 20.degree. C.; the ratio of the intrinsic viscosity values of components (A) and (B) being governed by the relation.eta.A/.eta.B=1.2 to 2.2.

Abstract: Use of low molecular weight oxazolines as neutralizing agents for anionic water-dilutable resins is described. Advantages obtained over use of the conventional amines as neutralizers include greater permissible film build-up without adverse results and films having improved water and alkali resistance without detriment to other advantageous properties.

Abstract: Coating compositions which can be used for depositing a coating on a metal substrate by a chemical deposition process based on aqueous emulsions of adducts of alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids to alkane diene polymers with an acid content corresponding to 12.5 to 25% by weight of maleic anhydride calculated on the adduct. The coating compositions on deposition provide films which have excellent recoatability, excellent corrosion resistance, and permit the elimination or a reduction in the amount of conventionally used additives in a chemical deposition bath. The coating compositions can be employed in other conventional coating processes.

Abstract: Self-crosslinking coating compositions which are cathodically deposited on electrodeposition of paints containing the coating composition and a process for producing aqueous solutions of the self-crosslinking coating compositions by acid neutralization are described. The coating compositions are the reaction products of an unsaturated copolymer or a polycondensation product or a polyaddition product or mixture thereof carrying at least 0.5 double bonds on a side chain or at the end of a chain for each 1000 molecular weight units and the reaction product carrying one free isocyanate group of a polyisocyanate with an amine of the general formula -- ##STR1## wherein R is an alkanol or hydroxyphenyl radical and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl, aryl or cycloalkyl radicals. The cathodically depositable electrodeposition paints cure rapidly at relatively low temperatures to provide films which are highly resistant to corrosive influences.

Abstract: Binders for cathodically depositable aqueous coating compositions comprising the reaction product, having an NCO-value of zero, of(A) polymers carrying reactive hydroxyl groups and having a hydroxyl number of at least about 40 mg KOH/g; and(B) compounds carrying per molecule an average of 0.8 to 1.5, and preferably 1.0, free isocyanate groups and at least one teritary basic aliphatically bound nitrogen atom.Optionally, the reaction product of (A) and (B) can include as(C) a compound carrying an average of 0.8 to 1.5, and preferably 1.0, free isocyanate groups and from 1 to 3 olefinic double bonds.Coating compositions containing the partially or totally neutralized reaction product when depositrd cathodically in an electrodeposition system will cure at relatively low temperatures and relatively short curing times to provide films having good resistance to water, chemicals, and corrosion.

Abstract: Process for producing water-emulsifiable air-drying paint binders, the binders, and the emulsions therefrom characterized in that in a first reaction step 10 to 35 percent by weight of a polyethylene glycol having an average molecular weight of between about 500 and 5000, and 5 to 25 percent by weight of a low molecular weight formaldehyde condensate of an alkyl phenol and/or aryl phenol obtained under alkaline conditions are reacted at from 100.degree. to 160.degree. C., and the reaction product condensed in a second reaction step at from 180.degree. to 250.degree. C. with 40 to 85 percent by weight of a natural or synthetic substantially hydroxy-free ester of unsaturated oil fatty acids and polyols; and the obtained product in a third reaction step processed to provide an alkyl resin or oil binder, the weight ratios and reaction conditions being chosen in order that the final product has a level of from about 4 to 12 percent by weight of polyethylene glycol and an acid value of 10 to 30 mg KOH/g.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polymers by free-radical, bulk polymerization comprising charging a reaction vessel with from about 5 to 15 percent by weight of an alpha, beta-unsaturated monomer which does not, under the conditions of the reaction, undergo free-radical polymerization, e.g., an alkyl ester of fumaric or maleic acid; thereafter adding to the reaction vessel from about 95 to 85 percent by weight of an acrylic monomer which, under the conditions of the reaction, undergoes free-radical polymerization in bulk form, blended with a free-radical initiator and controlling said addition in order that the acrylic monomer is present in said reaction kettle in an amount of less than about 20 percent, and preferably less than about 5 percent, during the course of the reaction. The process proceeds without excessive exothermy, permitting the complete polymerization in a synthetic resin reactor.

Abstract: Binders for cathodically depositable aqueous coating compositions comprising a basic binder system which is the blend or partial reaction product of a basic macromolecular component and an acidic macromolecular component, the ratio between acid and basic groups as expressed by amine value and acid value ranging between 97:3 and 65:35, the basic content of the binders being neutralized with organic or inorganic acids. The binders provide better crosslinking at usual curing temperatures thus yielding films with enhanced resistance characteristics.

Abstract: Binders for cathodically depositable aqueous coating compositions comprising a basic binder system which is blend or partial reaction product of a basic macromolecular component and an acidic macromolecular component, the ratio between acid and basic binders as expressed by amine value and acid value ranges from 97:3 and 65:35, and included in the coating composition is at least one resin component modified with a compound of the general formulaOCN--R[NH--CO--R'].sub.nwherein:n is 1-3;R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, or an aromatic or cycloaliphatic nucleus, preferably substituted with alkyl groups, andR' is the moiety of a saturated or unsaturated alcohol; a phenol optionally substituted with alkyl radicals; a cyclic lactam; an aldoxime, a ketoxime; an acetoacetic acid ester, or a hydroxamic acid ester.The coating compositions, in addition to providing excellent cross-linking at normal curing temperatures and providing films with enhanced resistance to corrosion, have improved throwing power.

Abstract: Binders for cathodically depositable aqueous coating compositions comprising the reaction product of (A) one mole polyisocyanate with (B) at least one mole dialkylalkanolamine and a monohydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylate and/or monohydroxyalkoxy(meth)acrylate and/or a monohydroxyallylether of a polyol. Optionally, there can be included a saturated and/or unsaturated fatty alcohol or fatty acid. The binders have an NCO-value of substantially zero; a molecular weight of from about 500 to 5000, and in each 1000 molecular weight unit a basic content of from about 0.5 to 3 and a double bond content of from about 0.5 to 4. The binders in coating compositions cure at relatively low temperatures and relatively short curing times to provide films having excellent resistance to water, chemicals, and corrosion.

Abstract: Process for producing water-emulsifiable paint binders based on select blends of alkyd resins and the improved emulsifiable paint binders therefrom are described. 30 to 75 percent by weight of aminoaldehyde resin is first reacted with 25 to 70 percent by weight of polyethylene glycols having an average molecular weight of from 500 to 3,000. Thereafter, 5 to 30 percent by weight of the polyethylene glycol modified aminoaldehyde resin is reacted with a blend of alkyd resins, one of the alkyd resins of the blend having a low acid number and another of the alkyd resins of the blend having a high acid number. The co-condensate of modified aminoaldehyde resin and alkyd resins when emulsified in water provides an emulsion with fine particles and excellent stability, rendering the emulsion particularly suitable for use in stoving paints.

Abstract: Aqueous emulsions of binders for cathodically depositable aqueous coating compositions comprising emulsions of 10 to 99.9 percent by weight of a self-crosslinking polycondensation resin or polymerization resin, and 0.1 to 90 percent by weight of one or more basic urethane component which is the reaction product of (A) 1 mole of polyisocyanate with (B) at least 1 mole dialkylalkanolamine and a monohydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylate and/or a monohydroxyalkoxy(meth)acrylate and/or a monohydroxyallylether of a polyol. Component (B) whch optionally can include a saturated and/or unsaturated fatty alcohol or fatty acid will have an NCO-value of substantially zero. The basic content of the emulsion is at least 0.5, and the double bond number is at least 0.5.

Abstract: Aqueous emulsions of binders for cathodically depositable aqueous coating compositions comprising emulsions of (A) 98 to 50 percent by weight of at least one water-soluble self-crosslinking cationic resin which is water-dilutable upon partial or total neutralization with an inorganic or organic acid and having at least 0.5 basic nitrogen atoms in 1000 molecular weight units and a double bond number of at least 0.5; and (B) 2 to 50 percent by weight of a water-insoluble self-crosslinking polycondensation resin or polymerization resin having a double bond number of at least 0.8. Optionally, the water-insoluble self-crosslinking resin can include basic character but insufficient to provide water solubility. The emulsions have excellent stability without use of other emulsifiers even in substantially diluted form usual for electrodeposition baths.

Abstract: Heat curable binders for use in cathodically depositable aqueous coating compositions characterized in that curing is through alpha, beta-double bonds on end or side chains of the binders are described. The binders are the reaction product of 2 moles of a diepoxide; 1 mole of a secondary-secondary or primary-tertiary diamine; 2 moles of monocarboxylic acid, and an alpha, beta-unsaturated monoisocyanate, and have an alpha, beta-functionality of from about 0.8 to 2.5. The binders are rendered water soluble by neutralization with inorganic and/or organic acids. Coating compositions comprising such binders cure at low temperatures and short curing times to provide films having excellent resistance to water, chemicals, and corrosion.