Abstract: Systems and methods provide a radiotherapy treatment by focusing an electron beam on an x-ray target (e.g., a tungsten plate) to produce a high-yield x-ray output with improved field shaping. A modified electron beam spatial distribution is employed to scan the x-ray target, such as a 2D periodic beam path, which advantageously lowers the temperature of the x-ray target compared to typical compact beam spatial distribution. As a result, the x-ray target can produce a high yield x-ray output without sacrificing the life span of the x-ray target. The use of a 2D periodic beam path allows a much colder x-ray target functioning regime such that more dosage can be applied in a short period of time compared to existing techniques.

Abstract: Provided is a tube weld X-ray inspection device for inspecting an abnormality, such as a tube welding part crack, of a heat exchanger by using X-rays.

Abstract: A ball-mapping system connectable to an X-ray diffraction apparatus, for collecting X-ray diffraction data at measurement points located on a ball-shaped sample is provided. The ball-mapping system includes a sample stage, including a sample-contacting surface and a guide assembly cooperating with the sample-contacting surface for guiding the sample-contacting surface along a first axis and along a second axis unparallel to the first axis. The ball-mapping system includes a sample holder for keeping the ball-shaped sample in contact with the sample stage and a motor assembly in driving engagement with the guide assembly, the motor assembly driving the sample-contacting surface in translational movement along the first axis and the second axis, the translational movement of the sample-contacting surface causing the ball-shaped sample to rotate, on the sample-contacting surface along the first axis and the second axis. A method for mapping the ball-shaped sample is also provided.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for planning radiosurgical treatments for neuromodulating a portion of the renovascular system may be used to plan radiosurgical neuromodulation treatments for conditions or disease associated with elevated central sympathetic drive. The renal nerves may be located and targeted at the level of the ganglion and/or at postganglionic positions, as well as preganglionic positions. Target regions include the renal plexus, celiac ganglion, the superior mesenteric ganglion, the aorticorenal ganglion and the aortic plexus. Planning of radiosurgical treatments will optionally employ a graphical representation of a blood/tissue interface adjacent these targets.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a medical system. The medical system may determine a working phase of the medical system. The working phase of the medical system may include a positioning phase, a scanning phase, and/or a scanning completion phase. The medical system may determine a position of a target portion of an object in the medical system based on one or more images associated with the object captured by an imaging sensor. The medical system may further control an operation of a positioning lamp of the medical system based on the working phase of the medical system and the position of the target portion of the object in the medical system.

Abstract: A nondestructive inspection apparatus makes a neutron beam incident on an inspection target, detects a specific gamma ray deriving from a target component in the inspection target, among gamma rays generated by the neutron beam, and determines a depth at which the target component exists, based on a result of the detecting. The nondestructive inspection apparatus includes a neutron source that emits a neutron beam to a surface of the inspection target, a gamma ray detection device that detects, as detection intensities, intensities of a plurality of types of specific gamma rays whose energy differs from each other, and a ratio calculation unit that determines a ratio between the detection intensities of a plurality of types of the specific gamma rays.

Abstract: A medical imaging device includes an x-ray source disposed at a first end of an arm, and an x-ray detector disposed at a second end of the arm opposite of the x-ray source. At least one of the x-ray source, the x-ray detector, and a portion of the arm are selectively adjustable with respect to the arm.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus obtains at least three radiation images obtained based on radiation emitted onto an object, and corresponding to at least three types of energy, and separates a predetermined substance having a known attenuation coefficient in the object and a remaining substance other than the predetermined substance in the object, based on the at least three radiation images and calculating an effective atomic number of the remaining substance.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a radiation inspection apparatus and a radiation inspection method. The radiation inspection apparatus includes: a radiation inspection device comprising a ray source and a detector that cooperates with the ray source to perform scanning inspection on an object to be inspected, the radiation inspection device having an inspection channel for the object to be inspected to pass through when scanning inspection is performed thereon; and traveling wheels provided at the bottom of the radiation inspection device to enable the radiation inspection apparatus to travel in an extension direction of the inspection channel, and the traveling wheels are configured to rotate 90° to enable the radiation inspection apparatus to travel in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the inspection channel.

Abstract: Methods for determining mineral compositions of materials are described. The methods include obtaining elemental data associated with a geologic sample, calculating a measurement correlation matrix of the geologic sample from the elemental data, calculating an artificial correlation matrix, comparing the measurement correlation matrix and the artificial correlation matrix to determine an error value, minimizing the error value by updating the artificial correlation matrix and comparing the measurement correlation matrix to the updated artificial correlation matrix, and determining a mineral composition of the geologic sample based on the minimized measurement correlation matrix.

Abstract: An X-ray fluorescence analyzer comprises an X-ray tube for emitting incident X-rays in the direction of a first optical axis. A slurry handling unit is configured to maintain a constant distance between a sample of slurry and the X-ray tube. A first crystal diffractor is located in a first direction from the slurry handling unit, and configured to separate a predefined first wavelength range from fluorescent X-rays that propagate into the first direction. It is configured to direct the fluorescent X-rays in the separated predefined first wavelength range to a first radiation detector. The input power rating of said X-ray tube is at least 400 watts. The first crystal diffractor comprises a pyrolytic graphite crystal. The optical path between said X-ray tube and the slurry handling unit is direct with no diffractor therebetween.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel method for identifying a molecular structure by a single crystal X-ray analysis. A single crystal that gives an X-ray diffraction spectrum sufficient for determining a structure of a molecule can be efficiently obtained by including a test molecule in a metal complex, and then crystallizing the test-molecule included in the metal complex. By analyzing this single crystal by an X-ray analysis, it is possible to determine a structure of the test molecule without obtaining a single crystal of the test molecule. With the novel method according to the present invention, the structure of a test molecule in a trace amount of a sample can also be determined.

Abstract: A detection system serves for X-ray inspection of an object. An imaging optical arrangement serves to image the object in an object plane illuminated by X-rays generated by an X-ray source. The imaging optical arrangement comprises an imaging optics to image a transfer field in a field plane into a detection field in a detection plane. A detection array is arranged at the detection field. An object mount holds the object to be imaged and is movable relative to the X-ray source via an object displacement drive along at least one lateral object displacement direction in the object plane. A shield stop with a transmissive shield stop aperture is arranged in an arrangement plane in a light path and is movable via a shield stop displacement drive in the arrangement plane.

Abstract: A nuclear reaction detection device 100 includes a semiconductor memory 100 arranged in an environment in which radiation is incident, a position information storage unit 210 that stores spatial position information of a semiconductor element in the semiconductor memory 100, a bit position specifying unit 220 that detects that an SEU (Single Event Upset) has occurred in the semiconductor element included in the semiconductor memory 100, and specifies the semiconductor element in which the SEU has occurred, and a position calculating unit 230 that calculates a spatial position in which the SEU has occurred, based on the specified semiconductor element and the spatial position information.

Abstract: A system for few-view computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction is described. The system includes a preprocessing module, a first generator network, and a discriminator network. The preprocessing module is configured to apply a ramp filter to an input sinogram to yield a filtered sinogram. The first generator network is configured to receive the filtered sinogram, to learn a filtered back-projection operation and to provide a first reconstructed image as output. The first reconstructed image corresponds to the input sinogram. The discriminator network is configured to determine whether a received image corresponds to the first reconstructed image or a corresponding ground truth image. The generator network and the discriminator network correspond to a Wasserstein generative adversarial network (WGAN). The WGAN is optimized using an objective function based, at least in part, on a Wasserstein distance and based, at least in part, on a gradient penalty.

Abstract: A first positional information derivation unit derives three-dimensional positional information of at least one target point of a target structure in a subject as first positional information. A second positional information derivation unit derives three-dimensional positional information of at least one feature point on an insertion structure inserted to the target structure in the subject as second positional information. A display control unit displays a positional information screen indicating a positional relationship between the target point and the feature point on a display unit.

Abstract: Provided is an X-ray fluorescence analyzer capable of preventing a liquid sample from being measured in a vacuum atmosphere. A processing device is configured to analyze a sample according to an analysis condition set by a user. An analysis condition includes an atmospheric condition that defines the state of the atmosphere in a measurement chamber of a measurement device. The measurement device is provided with an exhaust device for exhausting an atmosphere in the measurement chamber. The processing device prohibits or stops the operation of the exhaust device when it is detected that the sample is a liquid by the detection device for detecting whether or not the sample is a liquid in a case where the atmospheric condition is set to a vacuum atmosphere.

Abstract: A radiation detector including: a substrate formed with plural pixels that accumulate electrical charges generated in response to light converted from radiation in a pixel region at an opposite-side surface of a base member to a surface including a fine particle layer; the base member being flexible and is made of resin and that includes a fine particle layer containing inorganic fine particles having a mean particle size of from 0.05 ?m to 2.5 ?m, a conversion layer provided at the surface of the base member provided with the pixel region and configured to convert the radiation into light; and a reinforcement substrate provided to at least one out of a surface on the substrate side of a stacked body configured by stacking the substrate and the conversion layer, or a surface on the conversion layer side of the stacked body.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are radiotherapy methods and systems that can display a workflow-oriented graphical user interface(s). In an embodiment, a method comprises presenting, by a server, a graphical user interface for display on a screen positioned on a gantry of a radiotherapy machine, wherein the graphical user interface comprises a page corresponding to a radiotherapy treatment of a patient, wherein the page comprises a first graphical element indicating at least one attribute of alignment data corresponding to the radiotherapy treatment of the patient.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are radiotherapy methods and systems that can display a workflow-oriented graphical user interface(s). In an embodiment, a method comprises presenting, by a server, a graphical user interface for display on a screen positioned on a gantry of a radiotherapy machine, wherein the graphical user interface comprises a page corresponding to a radiotherapy treatment of a patient, wherein the page comprises a first graphical element indicating at least one attribute of alignment data corresponding to the radiotherapy treatment of the patient.