Abstract: An apparatus and a method for correcting for signal variations in pixels of a main photoelectric conversion element in a radiation detection apparatus due to focal spot position drifts. Edge reference detectors are positioned next to a main detector, in a fan beam coverage but outside a scan field of view. The signal variations of the edge reference detectors under an anti-scatter-grid shadow are used to estimate a real-time focal spot movement, which is used to estimate a shadow/signal variation on the main detector that are in the scan field of view.

Abstract: Methods for treating tumors by administering FLASH radiation and a therapeutic agent to a patient with cancer are disclosed. The methods provide the dual benefits of anti-tumor efficacy plus normal tissue protection when combining therapeutic agents with FLASH radiation to treat cancer patients. The methods described herein also allow for the classification of patients into groups for receiving optimized radiation treatment in combination with a therapeutic agent based on patient-specific biomarker signatures. Also provided are radiation treatment planning methods and systems incorporating FLASH radiation and therapeutic agents.

Abstract: A gamma-ray detector includes a plurality of modular one-dimensional arrays of monolithic detector sub-modules. Each monolithic detector sub-module includes a scintillator layer, a light-spreading layer, and a photodetector layer. The photodetector layer comprises a two-dimensional array of photodetectors that are arranged in columns and rows. A common printed circuit board is electrically coupled to the two-dimensional array of photodetectors of the plurality of modular one-dimensional arrays of monolithic detector sub-modules of a corresponding modular one-dimensional array. The two-dimensional array of photodetectors can be electrically coupled in a split-row configuration or in a checkerboard configuration. The two-dimensional array of photodetectors can also have a differential readout.

Abstract: The invention relates to a combined detector (660) comprising a gamma radiation detector (100) and an X-ray radiation detector (661). The gamma radiation detector (100) comprises a gamma scintillator array (101x, y), an optical modulator (102) and a first photodetector array (103a, b) for detecting the first scintillation light generated by the gamma scintillator array (101x, y). The optical modulator (102) is disposed between the gamma scintillator array (101x, y) and the first photodetector array (103a, b) for modulating a transmission of the first scintillation light between the gamma scintillator array (101x, y) and the first photodetector array (103a, b). The optical modulator (102) comprises at least one optical modulator pixel having a cross sectional area (102?) in a plane that is perpendicular to the gamma radiation receiving direction (104). The cross sectional area of each optical modulator pixel (102?) is greater than or equal to the cross sectional area of each photodetector pixel (103?a, b).

Abstract: A neutron emission unit is configured to emit neutrons such that a center axis (Nh) of a neutron emission intersects a center axis direction of collimators (23a to 23e). A calculation unit is capable of generating information about an inspection object in the center axis direction of the collimators, based on position information of a neutron detector and/or position information of the neutron emission unit, information about an angle (?1) at which the center axis of the neutron emission intersects the center axis direction of the collimators, and a neutron amount detected by the neutron detector.

Abstract: To optimize an image quality and/or a sensitivity, a Compton camera is adaptable. A scatter detector and/or a catcher detector may move closer to and/or further away from a patient and/or each other. This adaptation allows a balancing of the image quality and the sensitivity by altering the geometry.

Abstract: A non-destructive inspection system 1 includes a neutron radiation source 3 capable of emitting neutrons N, and a neutron detector 14 capable of detecting neutrons Nb produced via an inspection object 6a among neutrons N emitted from the neutron radiation source 3. The neutron radiation source 3 includes a linear accelerator 11 capable of emitting charged particles P accelerated; a first magnet section 12 including magnets 12a and 12b facing each other, the magnets 12a and 12b being capable of deflecting the charged particles P in a direction substantially perpendicular to a direction of emission of the charged particles P from the linear accelerator 11; and a target section 13 capable of producing neutrons N by being irradiated with the charged particles P that have passed through the first magnet section 12.

Abstract: Provided is an X-ray analysis device and an X-ray analysis method capable of easily analyzing a valence of a target element in a sample. A controller 22 of a signal processing device of the X-ray analysis device is provided with: a storage unit 360 for storing a calibration curve generated based on a peak energy of K?1 X-ray and a peak energy of K?2 X-ray emitted from a metal simple substance, a peak energy of K?1 X-ray and a peak energy of K?2 X-ray emitted from each of two or more types of compounds each containing the metal simple substance, and a valence of the metal in each of the two or more types of compounds; a processing unit 302 configured to acquire a peak energy of K?1 X-ray and a peak energy of K?2 X-ray of the metal emitted from the metal contained in an unknown sample; and a calculation unit 308 configured to calculate a mean valence of the metal contained in the unknown sample by applying the obtained peak energy of K?1 X-ray and peak energy of K?2 X-ray to the calibration curve.

Abstract: A method for radiation therapy treatment planning includes: a) defining a decision variable search space by projecting an initial seed point onto a pareto front, where the pareto front and decision variable search space are defined in the same coordinate space; b) projecting search points in the decision variable search space to the pareto front using a one-dimensional search algorithm to produce projected points on the pareto front; c) updating the search points by performing a gradient-free optimization that evaluates a treatment planning scoring function at the projected points on the pareto front; and d) repeating steps (b), (c) to search within the decision variable search space until a convergence criterion is satisfied, thereby producing a pareto optimal and clinically acceptable treatment plan.

Abstract: A collimator assembly for an x-ray optical system having a Soller slit for collimation of x-ray radiation with respect to a direction of an axis (z) of the Soller slit, wherein the Soller slit has a plurality of lamellae spaced apart from one another and having lamella planes parallel to one another, is characterized in that the Soller slit comprises a plurality of segments which are arranged along the axis and are separated from one another. The arrangement also has a collimator frame for enclosing and guiding the plurality of segments, and at least one of the plurality of segments is displaceable with respect to the collimator frame and relative to other segments. A simple but nonetheless accurate adjustment of the spectral resolution of an x-ray spectrometer to a respective different analytical application is thus enabled in a compact and cost-effective manner.

Abstract: A specimen radiography system may include a controller and a cabinet. The cabinet may include an x-ray source, an x-ray detector, and a specimen drawer disposed between the x-ray source and the x-ray detector. The specimen drawer may be automatically positionable along a vertical axis between the x-ray source and the x-ray detector.

Abstract: This fluorescent X-ray analysis apparatus is provided with an X-ray irradiation unit 20 for irradiating a sample S with: X-rays, having an energy that exceeds the energy absorption edge value of Ag which is selected as a measurement target element, and that is no greater than the energy absorption edge value of Sn which is an adjacent element having a higher energy absorption edge value than Ag; and X-rays having an energy exceeding the energy absorption edge value of Sn which is selected as a measurement target element.

Abstract: A system and method of performing prospective and retrospective on-line adaptive radiotherapy. The method includes performing, during a treatment delivery session, delivery of a dose of radiation to an anatomical volume. The method includes detecting, during the treatment delivery session, a current state of the anatomical volume. The method includes predicting a future change in the current state of the anatomical volume during the treatment delivery session. The method includes adjusting, while the anatomical volume is in the current state, the treatment delivery to anticipate the future change in the anatomical volume.

Abstract: Phase contrast and dark-field X-ray imaging enable imaging of objects that absorb or reflect very little X-ray light. Disclosed is a method and systems for performing coded-mask-based multi-contrast imaging (CMMI). The method includes providing radiation to a coded mask that has a known phase and absorption profile according to a pre-determined pattern. The radiation is then impingent upon a sample, and the radiation is detected to perform phase-reconstruction and image processing. The method and associated systems allow for the use of maximum-likelihood and machine learning methods for reconstruction images of the sample from the detected radiation.

Abstract: Various aspects include methods compensating for Compton scattering effects in pixel radiation detectors. Various aspects may include determining whether gamma ray detection events occurred in two or more detector pixels within an event frame, determining whether the gamma ray detection events occurred in detector pixels within a threshold distance of each other in response to determining that gamma ray detection events occurred in two or more detector pixels within the event frame, and recording the two or more gamma ray detection events as a single gamma ray detection event having an energy equal to the sum of measured energies of the two or more gamma ray detection events located in a detector pixel having a highest measured energy in response to determining that the gamma ray detection events occurred in detector pixels within the threshold distance of each other.

Abstract: Conventionally, systems and methods have been provided for manual annotation of anatomical landmarks in digital radiography (DR) images. Embodiments of the present disclosure provides system and method for anatomical landmark detection and identification from DR images containing severe skeletal deformations. More specifically, motion artefacts and exposure are filtered from an input DR image to obtain a pre-processed DR image and probable/candidate anatomical landmarks comprised therein are identified. These probable candidate anatomical landmarks are assigned a score. A subset of the candidate anatomical landmarks (CALs) is selected as accurate anatomical landmarks based on comparison of the score with a pre-defined threshold performed by a trained classifier. Position of remaining CALs may be fine-tuned for classification thereof as accurate anatomical landmarks or missing anatomical landmarks.

Abstract: Disclosed is an X-ray image processing apparatus including a data obtaining unit generating first to N-th images indicating an internal structure of an object and an image processing unit receiving the first to N-th images from the data obtaining unit, detecting a movement of the object, and generating a final image from the first to N-th images based on the movement of the object. The data obtaining unit actively controls an X-ray pulse irradiated based on the movement of the object.

Abstract: A radiation diagnostic device according to an aspect of the present invention includes a first detector, a second detector, and processing circuitry. The first detector detects Cherenkov light that is generated when radiation passes. The second detector is disposed to be opposed to the first detector on a side distant from a generation source of the radiation, and detects energy information of the radiation. The processing circuitry specifies Compton scattering events detected by the second detector, and determines an event corresponding to an incident channel among the specified Compton scattering events based on a detection result obtained by the first detector.

Abstract: Various methods and systems are provided for laser alignment systems, particularly laser alignment systems of medical imaging systems. In one example, a medical imaging system comprises: a gantry; and a laser mount including: a first section fixedly coupled to the gantry; a second section seated within the first section and slideable within the first section; and a third section seated within the second section and rotatable within the second section, the third section adapted to house a laser radiation source.

Abstract: A radiation delivery system that includes a gantry to extend along one or more axes. The gantry is to provide a continuous rotation. The radiation delivery system includes a linear accelerator (LINAC) coupled to the gantry. The LINAC is to generate a treatment beam. The radiation delivery system includes a rotary joint coupled to the gantry. The rotary joint provides a physical connection from the LINAC to an external system that is positioned off the gantry. The physical connection is to transport radio frequency (RF) power.