Abstract: A display apparatus includes a plasma display panel (PDP) and a filter. The PDP has a display surface, and the filter has a panel side facing the display surface of the PDP and an opposing viewer side facing away from the display surface. The filter includes a base unit. The filter also includes pattern units that absorb external light from the viewer side. The pattern units have boundaries that define widths of pattern tops and widths of pattern bottoms. A distance between a pattern top and a pattern bottom defines a pattern height. A distance between adjacent boundaries, of a pair of adjacent pattern units, at adjacent pattern bottoms can be less than a distance between the adjacent boundaries at adjacent pattern tops, less than the pattern height, and greater than a width of at least one of the pattern bottoms.

Abstract: An electron gun includes the following: a primary thermionic electron source, a secondary thermionic electron source and a focusing electrode disposed within a first housing that includes one or more reference members adjustably attached to a housing support connected to a first platform; an anode and one or more focusing coils disposed within a second housing comprising one or more insulating members adjustably connected to the first platform; and one or more deflection coils disposed within a third housing connected to the second housing and located opposite said first housing.

Abstract: A lamp assembly includes an inner assembly that has a CFL source, an electronics board, and a holder that interconnects the CFL source and electronics board. An outer, light transmissive envelope surrounds the inner assembly and various fixing arrangements are disclosed for securing the inner assembly to the outer envelope. Three primary mechanisms are a ratchet mechanism, a spring mechanism, or using adhesive to secure the inner assembly to the outer envelope under a predetermined tension.

Abstract: An electroluminescent device comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and including at least a light-emitting layer. A metal nano pattern which enables emission of polarized light is provided on one surface of at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein a grating period of the metal nano pattern satisfies the relation of Formula 1 below. A method of preparing the electroluminescent device comprises providing a substrate, first and second electrodes, and an organic layer including a light-emitting layer, with a metal nano pattern being provided on at least one of the first and second electrodes. Formula 1 is described in more detail in the description of the invention. The electroluminescent device can achieve emission of polarized light, without reforming materials used in forming the organic layer.

Abstract: A direct-current high-voltage discharge bulb includes a ceramic arc tube body having a discharge emission chamber at a middle portion in a longitudinal direction thereof, a light-emitting substance which is sealed inside the discharge emission chamber together with a starting rare gas, and an anode and a cathode which are disposed so as to face each other inside the discharge emission chamber. An inside diameter of the ceramic arc tube body where the discharge emission chamber is defined is made to gradually decrease from the anode side to the cathode side.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device an a method of obtaining illumination from such a device is provided. The device has a plurality of regions, each region having an organic emissive layer adapted to emit a different spectrum of light. The regions in combination emit light suitable for illumination purposes. The area of each region may be selected such that the device is more efficient than an otherwise equivalent device having regions of equal size. The regions may have an aspect ratio of at least about four. All parts of any given region may be driven at the same current.

Abstract: A convex portion 2 having a specific sectional shape is formed on a substrate 1 between electrodes 3 and 4, and a gap 6 is formed on a conductive film 5, connecting the electrodes 3 and 4, on the convex portion 2, whereby the distance from the center of the gap 6 serving as a electron-emitting portion to the stagnation point is reduced so as to enhance an electron emission efficiency.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a field emission includes: providing a CNT array; drawing a bundle of CNTs from the CNT array to form a CNT yarn; soaking the CNT yarn into an organic solvent, and shrinking the CNT yarn into a CNT string after the organic solvent volatilizing; applying a voltage between two opposite ends of the CNT string; bombarding a predetermined point of the CNT string by an electron emitter, until the CNT string snapping; and attaching the snapped CNT string to a conductive base, and achieving a field emission electron source. The field emission efficiency of the field emission electron source is high.

Abstract: By applying a drive voltage Vf [V] between first and second conductive films, when electrons are emitted by the first conductive film, an equipotential line of 0.5 Vf [V] is inclined toward the first conductive film, rather than toward the second conductive film, in the vicinity of the electron emitting portion of the first conductive film, in a cross section extending across the electron emitting portion and the portion of the second conductive film located nearest the electron emitting portion. The present invention improves electron emission efficiency.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for improving the field emission of an electron field emitter comprised of an acicular emitting substance such as acicular carbon, an acicular semiconductor, an acicular metal or a mixture thereof, comprising applying a force to the surface of the electron field emitter wherein the force results in the removal of a portion of the electron field emitter thereby forming a new surface of the electron field emitter.

Abstract: A field emission electron source having carbon nanotubes includes a CNT string and a conductive base. The CNT string has an end portion and a broken end portion, the end portion is contacted with and electrically connected to the surface of the conductive base. The CNTs at the broken end portion form a tooth-shape structure, wherein some CNTs protruding and higher than the adjacent CNTs. Each protruding CNT functions as an electron emitter. Further, a method for manufacturing a field emission electron source is provided. The field emission efficiency of the field emission electron source is high.

Abstract: To provide a light emitting element having a top emission structure, which can be easily manufactured without considering an ionization potential of an electrode (particularly an electrode in contact with a substrate) and a manufacturing method therefor. A light emitting device having the top emission structure according to the present invention includes: a first electrode (101) formed of general-purpose metal (specifically, a wiring material such as Ti or Al) having a light-shielding property or reflectivity; a conductive polymer layer (102) formed by applying a conductive polymer material onto the first electrode (101); an electroluminescence film (103) formed in contact with the conductive polymer layer (102); and a light-transmissive second electrode (104) formed on the electroluminescence film 103, in which the conductive polymer layer (102) is formed of materials including a redox polymer etc., while being free of problems regarding work function (as shown in FIG. 1A).

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) is capable of improving light efficiency per pixel unit by forming a cathode electrode to cover an anode electrode, thereby focusing light emitted from a luminescent layer per pixel unit. The OLED comprises: a second insulating film formed on a substrate including a TFT with source/drain electrodes formed on a first insulating film; a lower electrode formed on the second insulating film and connected to one of the source/drain electrodes; a third insulating film having an opening for exposing a portion of the lower electrode; a luminescent layer formed on the lower electrode inside the opening; a groove formed to surround the luminescent layer; and an upper electrode formed on the substrate including the groove so that the upper electrode surrounds the luminescent layer. The upper electrode functions as a reflection layer for reflecting total light while light emitted from the luminescent layer is being pulled out through the substrate.

Abstract: This invention is intended to overcome the problems with conventional phosphor materials, specifically to overcome the problems of insufficient luminance and of color impurity on the screens of color display units when green phosphor materials have blue or red light emission. This invention is intended to provide vacuum ultraviolet excited green phosphor materials that include terbium, gadolinium-doped rare-earth aluminum scandium borate represented by the following general formula: (Y1-x-yGdxTby)Al3-zScz(BO3)4 (0?x?0.5, 0<y<0.5, 0<z?3). The phosphor materials of this invention can be used for light-emitting devices. Using the phosphor materials in combination with blue phosphor materials and red phosphor materials enables the formation of white emitting device.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a field emitter electrode includes the steps of: providing an electrolytic solution containing metal ions to an electrolytic bath; providing carbon nanotubes and a cationic dispersant for preventing the agglomeration of the carbon nanotubes to the electrolytic solution; and applying a predetermined voltage to a cathode drum and an insoluble anodic compartment, both of which are immersed in the electrolytic solution, and forming a metal film containing the carbon nanotubes along the surface of the cathode drum.

Abstract: Panel comprising an array of barrier ribs each having a base resting on a plate and a top in contact with another plate that includes at least two arrays of coplanar electrodes each preferably having a constant width. According to the invention, these barrier ribs have, at their top, a low-permittivity region of thickness greater than 3 ?m and less than or equal to one fifth of their total height, which has a mean dielectric permittivity at least three times smaller than the dielectric permittivity of these barrier ribs measured at their base. Thanks to the invention, the confinement of the plasma discharges far from the barrier ribs is substantially improved.

Abstract: A display tube has an evacuated envelope with a display panel, a cone (or funnel) portion and a neck portion. The cone portion has a cone body portion and a parabolic portion. The contour of the cone body in a plane through the longitudinal axis of the tube and the short axis of the panel is such that up to at least half the length of the cone body the cone height sinks by maximally 12%. Hereby stresses at the sealing face between the panel and the cone portion arc reduced. More in particular the Z and Y coordinates of the outer contour are such that at 0.5L=Z it holds that 0.88H<Y<H wherein H is the seal edge position on the short panel axis and L is the depth of the cone portion. Preferably the first and second area show a transition point P between 0.5L and 0.8L.

Abstract: The organic electroluminescence display apparatus of the present invention comprises a first and second substrates, the former being coated with banks for separating pixels, a lower electrode, organic light-emitting layer and upper electrode of a transparent material in this order, and the latter being coated with a color filter and electroconductive shadow pattern, wherein the organic light-emitting layer surrounded by the banks for separating pixels faces the color filter, and the first and second substrates face each other in such a way that the upper electrode over the banks for separating pixels is electrically connected to the electroconductive shadow pattern. This structure connects at least one of the upper electrode and electroconductive shadow pattern to a power supply point, to control ununiform emitted light brightness which may result from voltage drop at the upper transparent electrode.

Abstract: A plasma display panel having excellent electron emission properties and a method of making the same. A plasma display panel is provided with a protective layer having a dense growth of columnar crystals formed on a dielectric layer. A middle layer can be provided for improving orientation of the columnar crystals. A heating step creates seed crystals to increase the width and growth of columnar crystals with a selective orientation and greater diameter. The area of any exposed surfaces on the protective layer becomes smaller and absorption of impurities decreases. A layer of grain crystals or an amorphic crystal layer is initially deposited on the dielectric layer to establish wider area seed crystals of a desired orientation. A vacuum evaporated complimentary protective layer can then be grown with the improved configuration.

Abstract: Light-emitting structures of reduced size are realized with combinations of light-emitting diodes, resistive and conductive films, and interconnect members. Other embodiments are provided which simplify fabrication and assembly.