Abstract: The present invention provides a cold cathode electron source and a method for manufacturing the cold cathode electron source. The cold cathode electron source includes a substrate on which are deposited a catalyst metal layer, an insulation layer, and a gate metal layer; a cavity section formed through the catalyst metal layer, the insulation layer, and the gate metal layer; and an emitter realized through a plurality of carbon nanotubes, which are grown from walls of the catalyst metal layer exposed in the cavity section and which have long axes parallel to the substrate.

Abstract: In order to obtain light of a high luminance in a gas discharge tube of the present invention, a discharge path is narrowed by a first opening 18 and a second opening 13 in collaboration. Further, in order to provide favorable startability in a lamp even when the discharge path is narrowed, a predetermined voltage is applied from the outside to first and second discharge path limiting portions 16, 12. As a result, an active starting discharge which is capable of passing through the first and second openings is produced between a cathode portion 20 and the first and second discharge path limiting portions 16, 12, and thus discharge between the cathode portion 20 and an anode portion 8 is started speedily.

Abstract: In a gas discharge tube 1 of the present invention, a focusing electrode portion 14 and a discharge limiting portion 30 are electrically insulated, and the discharge limiting portion 30 comprises a discharge limiting opening 31 which opposes an arc ball shaping concave portion 16. Thus the formation of a discharge path from a cathode portion 20 to the concave portion 16 is ensured and a starting discharge can be reliably generated. Further, by means of the discharge limiting opening 31 which opposes the concave portion 16, an arc ball S can be continuously maintained in an appropriate shape even when a lamp is illuminated, and thus the arc ball S can be shaped with stability, thereby stabilizing the luminance and light quantity.

Abstract: The invention concerns the electronic amplifier tubes operating at radio-frequency. The electronic tube includes a long tubular sleeve containing an electron beam, a housing supporting the sleeve mechanically, and means to provide heat transfer from the sleeve to the housing to cool the sleeve. The means to provide the heat transfer include a resin filling a free volume located between the sleeve and the housing.

Abstract: A fluorescent luminous tube includes a vacuumed envelope having two base members, an anode and a cathode installed inside the vacuumed envelope, a first and a second metal layer formed on one of the two base members, a wire shaped member mounted inside the vacuumed envelope, and a first and a second spacer, made of a metal, for supporting the wire shaped member at a predetermined height. One end portion of the wire shaped member is wound around the first spacer to be supported at the predetermined height and is interposed between the first spacer and the first metal layer to be fixed thereto. Further, the other end portion of the wire shaped member is supported at the predetermined height by the second spacer and is fixed to the second metal.

Abstract: A double-layer electrode coil for a high intensity discharge (HID) lamp and a method of making the electrode coil are provided. A more stable layer of coils is made by front winding, instead of back winding, the layers of wire. The second layer of wire is entirely within a helical groove on the exterior surface of the first layer of wire. This arrangement is particularly stable and permits more rapid insertion of the electrode shank after removal of the mandrel.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp including a ceramic discharge tube defining an inner space and having an opening formed within an end portion thereof, an electrode system provided within the inner space, a sealing member including a ceramic or a cermet with a through hole formed therein, at least a part of the sealing member being fixed within the opening of the ceramic discharge tube, and a metal member. A joining portion is interposed between the metal and sealing members, and includes a main phase contacting the metal member and an intermediate ceramic layer contacting the sealing member and existing between the sealing member and the main phase. The main phase includes a porous bone structure with open pores, is made of a sintered product of metal powder, and includes a ceramic phase impregnated into the open pores thereof.

Abstract: A plasma display device that is adaptive for absorbing an external impact and reducing its weight. In the device, a heat-radiating plate is made from a polymer complex material that is a mixture of a resin with a metal material.

Abstract: Before an electrode assembly is inserted into a quartz glass tube, a reinforcement bending process is applied to a metal foil. Even when a vibration load acts on the electrode assembly during the insertion of the electrode assembly into the quartz glass tube, the metal foil is not easily deformed, so that a rod electrode can be prevented from largely swinging together with the metal foil. Consequently, the position of a tip end portion of the rod electrode can be easily recognized by using a camera, whereby the degree of the insertion of the electrode assembly into the quartz glass tube can be correctly adjusted.

Abstract: A panel for a cathode ray tube having an inner surface with predetermined roughness, including a plurality of black matrix layers formed on the inner surface and a phosphor layer composed of red, green and blue phosphors between the black matrix layers, and the phosphor layer and the black matrix layer are formed on the inner surface of the panel after forming a transparent dielectric film, can prevent degradation of brightness and color purity of a screen caused as a result of grinding process which gives roughness to an inner surface of the panel in order to prevent mirror surface reflection on the inner surface of the panel caused by external light.

Abstract: Metal halide lamps have a discharge vessel operable at a high coldest spot temperature. The discharge vessel encloses a discharge space comprising an ionizable gas filling and, in addition to Hg, also an alkali iodide of Na of Li or a combination of both. According to the invention, the filling also comprises TbI3 or GdI3 or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A chromate film-containing plug metal component which is a metal component for a spark plug or a glow plug, wherein: the metal component has a surface, at least part of the surface being coated with a chromate film comprising at least 95% by weight of trivalent chrome based on 100% by weight of a total chrome content in the chromate film; and the chromate film comprises dye particles.

Abstract: A plasma display includes first and second transparent substrates disposed facing each other, a plurality of partitions formed between the first and second transparent substrates, a phosphor formed on inner surfaces of discharge cells defined by the partitions, a stepped buffering layer formed on the first transparent substrate between a one-end portions of the partitions, and a plurality of address electrodes formed on the first transparent substrate between the partitions and on the stepped buffering layer. A thickness of the stepped buffering layer is gradually increased in a longitudinal direction of the partition.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube is provided which includes a panel having a fluorescent surface formed on an inside surface thereof, a tension type shadow mask fitted to the panel with a gap formed therebetween, and a frame. The frame includes two main frames fixed to the tension type shadow mask under tension, and two subframes fixed respectively to ends of the two main frames. A distance between the two main frames between a center part or portion of the main frame and an edge part or portion. To assemble the frame assembly and the shadow mask, the main frames are compressed, the tension type shadow mask is welded thereto, and the compression applied to the main frames is then released. The invention improves a howling characteristic by reducing a vibratory length of the shadow mask and increasing a natural frequency of the center part or portion of the shadow mask.

Abstract: The invention presents a carbon ink with high electric field emission efficiency that can be applied in an inexpensive printing process suitable for mass production, an improved electron-emitting element for an image display device, and a method for manufacturing the electron-emitting element. The invention also presents an image display device with high image quality and efficiency using this electron-emitting element. The image display device includes a patterned conductor on a substrate, and electron-emitting elements made by applying, to predetermined positions of the conductor, a carbon ink made into a paste with an organic binder and a solvent, the ink comprising (i) carbon particles having a 6-membered carbon ring, and (ii) support particles for supporting the carbon particles, and firing the ink.

Abstract: A discharge lamp manufacturing method that provides control of the introduction of a predetermined amount of halogen, unaccompanied by carbon or hydrogen, into a discharge vessel of the lamp so that a discharge lamp having an adequate operating pressure and that can maintain enhanced lighting conditions over a long period can be achieved. In particular, a halogen-introduction carrier is used in the manufacture of the discharge lamp for introducing a predetermined amount of metal halide. The discharge lamp manufacturing method includes a device for introducing halogen into the discharge vessel and includes heating a halogen-introduction carrier composed of a porous body containing metal halides.

Abstract: An electron source forming substrate wherein an insulating material film is disposed on the surface of the substrate at which surface an electron-emitting device is arranged. The insulating material film contains a plurality of metallic oxide particles having an average particle size within the range of 6 nm to 60 nm as expressed in a median value, and suppresses undesirable diffusion of Na from the substrate, thereby makes stable an electron-emitting characteristics, without an adverse effect due to the Na diffusion, even elapsing longer time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cathode for use in a field emission device. In a triode-type cathode for use in an electron emission device being a core component constituting a field emission device, the present invention includes forming a catalytic layer at the sidewall of a gate hole and then growing an emitter in the catalytic layer, thus uniformly distributing an electric field generated by a voltage applied to a gate electrode over the emitter. Therefore, the present invention can improve the brightness contrast at a low anode voltage and also can control electrons emitted from the emitter only with the gate voltage.

Abstract: A discharge lamp is disclosed comprising an enclosed discharge vessel for the generation of an electrical discharge and a casing made of glass which surrounds the discharge vessel. In order to achieve as constant properties as possible over the service life of the lamp, it is proposed that the glass material of the casing be doped with sodium in a concentration of at least 10 ppm, and preferably at least 30 ppm. According to a further embodiment, it is proposed that other alkali metals (except for sodium) be contained in a maximum concentration of 25 ppm. Surprisingly, by the appropriate choice of the outer bulb, not in direct contact with the actual discharge, the diffusion of sodium from the discharge vessel is reduced. In addition to this, the material of the outer bulb has a reduced inclination to crystallization.

Abstract: A spacer structure for a display is disclosed that has a CTE which matches or very closely approximates the CTE of a high quality, desirable glass from which other display structures such as faceplates can be fabricated. The spacer structure is composed of a material that has a CTE that is tailorable within a range that closely matches the CTE range spanned by a variety of readily available high quality, desirable glass from which other display structures such as faceplates can be fabricated. The spacer structure disclosed has a CTE that achieves the foregoing qualities and retains all other properties characterizing requirements for use in displays. Further, the spacer structure disclosed has a CTE that enables great flexibility in the selection of other display components, without having to revamp existing fabrication techniques. Further still, a spacer structure is disclosed that minimizes zero current shift.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for detecting geological anomalies occuring in geological formations. The instrumentation comprises a medium frequency continuous wave narrowband FM transmitter and receiver pair. Two instrument configurations are downhole instruments for insertion into boreholes. Survey procedures are provided to detect anomalies through signal attenuation, path attenuation and signal phase shift. Continuity measurements at different depths in the drillholes provide data to determine the existence of anomalies. Tomographic techniques are employed to provide a visual image of the anomaly. Computer aided reconstruction techniques provide such visual images from the generated data.