Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic element including: a first electrode; a second electrode apart from and opposite to the first electrode; an electrolyte layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, containing an oxidizable substance or a reducible substance, or both; and at least one of an oxidizable electrochromic layer between the first electrode and the electrolyte layer, containing an oxidizable electrochromic compound, and a reducible electrochromic layer between the second electrode and the electrolyte layer, containing a reducible electrochromic compound, wherein an oxidation potential of the oxidizable substance is nobler than an oxidation potential of the oxidizable electrochromic compound, a reduction potential of the reducible substance is baser than a reduction potential of the reducible electrochromic compound, an oxidation reaction of the oxidizable substance is irreversible, and a reduction reaction of the reducible substance is irreversible.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a first phase that includes a perovskite and a second phase that includes a salt, a polymer, and a switching molecule, where the first phase and the second phase are in physical contact, and the composition is capable of reversibly switching between a substantially opaque state and a substantially transparent state.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a spiropyran composite having improved mechano-sensitivity, a method for manufacturing the same, and a chromic article including the same. Particularly, the spiropyran composite is obtained by bonding spiropyran covalently to a polymer, an inorganic material or a mixture thereof to form spiropyran composite, and impregnating the spiropyran composite with a sensitivity-enhancing agent for a suitable time through a wet infiltration process to form non-polar environment at the inner part of the spiropyran composite, to cause pre-stretch and to increase a change in color or fluorescence in response to force, stress or strain, thereby providing significantly improved mechano-sensitivity. In addition, a wet filtration process is used and no expensive equipment is required to simplify the process. Further, the process can be performed rapidly within several minutes to reduce the processing time.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are new electrochromic materials, including small molecule, oligomeric, and polymeric electrochromic materials, and compositions comprising the electrochromic materials and a salt. Further disclosed are electrochromic devices prepared from the electrochromic materials and electrochromic material compositions. Also disclosed are melt processable polymeric electrochromic materials, melt processable compositions comprising the melt processable polymeric electrochromic material, and a salt; and devices prepared therefrom.

Abstract: There is provided an ink composition that can form a color filter pixel unit with high external quantum efficiency. An ink composition containing light-emitting nanocrystal particles, light-diffusing particles, and at least two monomers with an ethylenically unsaturated group, wherein the at least two monomers include two monomers with Hansen solubility parameters ?d, ?p, and ?h that satisfy the following conditions: 16.0 MPa0.5??d<18.0 MPa0.5; 2.5 MPa0.5??p<5.5 MPa0.5; 2.5 MPa0.5??h<8.0 MPa0.5.

Abstract: Disclosed are films comprising Ag, In, Ga, and S (AIGS) nanostructures and at least one ligand bound to the nanostructures. In some embodiment, the AIGS nanostructures have a photon conversion efficiency of greater than 32% and a peak wavelength emission of 480-545 nm. In some embodiments, the nanostructures have an emission spectrum with a FWHM of 24-38 nm.

Abstract: A resin composition includes a resin or a resin precursor, and a nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic compound. The nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic compound has a structure represented by the following general formula (1), the following general formula (6) or the following general formula (7): In the general formula (1), A1 and A2 each represent a 6-membered nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring together with a nitrogen atom, and the 6-membered nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic ring optionally forms a fused ring; and L represents a single bond, or a linking group derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, an aromatic heterocyclic ring, or an alkyl group. The resin composition includes the nitrogen-containing aromatic heterocyclic compound in a range from 0.10 to 30% by mass relative to the resin or the resin precursor.

Abstract: Derivatized malachite green leuco dyes for use in radio-chromic systems are described. The dyes have the following structure: in which Ar is a substituted phenyl or thiophene ring in which at least one substitution of the Ar ring is not ortho to the bond between the ring and the linking carbon, and in which R1, R2, R3, and R4 are independently selected from methyl, alkyl, or alkyl halide. The systems include the dyes in conjunction with an activator, e.g., a halogenated activator, and a carrier, e.g., a fluid carrier or an encapsulating polymeric matrix.

Abstract: Nonlinear optical chromophores having one or more diamondoid groups covalently attached to the chromophore, methods of making nonlinear optical chromophores, their use in thin films and electro-optical devices containing such nonlinear optical chromophores and thin films comprising the same.

Abstract: A method of producing organic-inorganic hybrid infrared absorbing particles includes a dispersion liquid preparing step of preparing a dispersion liquid containing infrared absorbing particles, a dispersant, and a dispersion medium; a dispersion medium removing step of removing the dispersion medium from the dispersion liquid by an evaporation; a raw material mixture liquid preparing step of preparing a raw material mixture liquid containing the infrared absorbing particles collected after the dispersion medium removing step, a coating resin material, an organic solvent, an emulsifying agent, water, and a polymerization initiator; a stirring step of stirring the raw material mixture liquid while cooling; and a polymerizing step of polymerizing the coating resin material after deoxygenation treatment which reduces an amount of oxygen in the raw material mixture liquid.

Abstract: A film for absorbing visible light, including: a plurality of silica nanoparticles, wherein a surface of at least a part of the plurality of silica nanoparticles is functionalized with a plurality of pigment molecules of a Melanin type compound.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention is to provide a resin composition including a near infrared absorbing coloring agent represented by Formula (1) and a resin, a resin molded article, and a method of producing a resin molded article. In Formula (1), a ring A and a ring B each independently represent an aromatic ring or a heteroaromatic ring, XA and XB each independently represent a monovalent substituent, GA and GB each independently represent a monovalent substituent, kA represents an integer of 0 to nA, kB represents an integer of 0 to nB, nA represents the largest integer of GA which may be substituted in the ring A, nB represents the largest integer of GB which may be substituted in the ring B, XA and GA, and XB and GB may be respectively bonded to one another to form a ring, and in a case where a plurality of GA's and GB's are present, the plurality of GA's and the plurality of GB's may be respectively bonded to one another to form a ring structure.

Abstract: An article includes a layer including a melt processable fluoropolymer, wherein the fluoropolymer includes a copolymer of a tetrafluoroethylene and a perfluoroether, wherein the article has an ultraviolet transmittance of at least about 50% at a thickness of about 0.040 inches to about 0.062 inches when exposed to ultraviolet radiation of about 200 nm to about 280 nm. Further provided is a method of making the article and an apparatus for purifying water including an article, such as a flexible tube.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of producing polymers from furan and optionally diol compounds, using an organocatalyst. A polymer composition comprising a polymer prepared by the method is contemplated. Provided herein are also polymer compositions, such as poly(alkylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate). In some embodiments, polymer compositions have any one of the characteristics discussed herein, or any combinations thereof.

Abstract: An electro-optic element includes a first electroactive film including a first electroactive component sequestered adjacent to a first electrically conductive layer and a second electroactive film including a second electroactive component sequestered adjacent to a second electrically conductive layer. At least one of the first electroactive film and the second electroactive film is capable of reversibly attenuating transmittance of light having a wavelength within a predetermined wavelength range. The first electroactive component can include a first oxidation state and at least a second oxidation state. An amount of the first electroactive component relative to the second electroactive component can be configured to limit formation of the second oxidation state of the first electroactive component.

Abstract: Provided is a photochromic indolenapthtopyran having the core skeletal structure of Formula (I): wherein R1 and R2 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted alkyloxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio, substituted or unsubstituted arylthio, substituted or unsubstituted ether, substituted or unsubstituted thioether, amino, a nitrogen-containing heterocycle, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, —NHC(O)Ra, or —OC(O)Ra, wherein Ra is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy, substituted or unsubstituted alkylthio, or substituted or unsubstituted arylthio; R4 is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkyl, allyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl; and B and B? are each independently

Abstract: According to one embodiment, provided is an electrochromic device including an electrochromic layer, which contains a tungsten oxide material. The tungsten oxide material includes potassium-containing tungsten oxide particles having an average particle size of 100 nm or less. The potassium-containing tungsten oxide particles contain potassium within a range of 1 mol % to 50 mol %, and include a central section and a peripheral section adjacent to the central section. A periodicity of a crystal varies between the central section and the peripheral section.

Abstract: A near-infrared shielding ultrafine particle dispersion body, and others, having excellent near-infrared shielding function, low haze value and excellent design, with suppressed change in color tone during outdoor use and blue haze phenomenon, using near-infrared shielding ultrafine particles transparent in visible light range, having excellent near-infrared shielding properties, and produced with high productivity, and a near-infrared shielding ultrafine particle dispersion body in which ultra-fine particles having near-infrared shielding properties are dispersed in solid medium, wherein the ultrafine particles are composite tungsten oxide ultrafine particles represented by general formula MxWyOz, and have XRD peak top intensity ratio value of 0.

Abstract: The invention is a photochromic compound having an indenonaphthopyran skeleton, and the indenonaphthopyran skeleton has an alkenyl group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, and an oligomer chain group A having 3 or more recurring units selected from a polyalkylene oxide oligomer chain group, a polyester oligomer chain group, a polysiloxane chain group and a polyester polyether oligomer chain group. The invention can provide a photochromic compound capable of expressing excellent photochromic characteristics in various cured products and capable of preventing cured products from becoming cloudy.

Abstract: A composition for infrared-absorbing layers according to the present invention includes: a compound formed by copper ion and a phosphonic acid represented by the following formula (a); and at least one of a phosphoric acid diester represented by the following formula (b1) and a phosphoric acid monoester represented by the following formula (b2). In the composition, fine particles containing at least the compound are dispersed. A content of the phosphonic acid is less than 2.5 times a total content of the phosphoric acid diester and the phosphoric acid monoester on a molar basis. R1 is an alkyl group with 2 to 4 carbon atoms, R21, R22, and R3 are each a monovalent functional group represented by —(CH2CH2O)nR4 wherein n is an integer of 1 to 25 and R4 is an alkyl group with 6 to 25 carbon atoms.