Abstract: An engine tappet is constructed with flat, essentially parallel or conformal bearing surfaces internal of its case for the introduction during no-load operation of a lubricant under pressure to the space between the surfaces, the pressure level of the lubricant being greater than the force necessary to remove lash in the system, to thereby create an oil film between the surfaces that is partially squeezed out during load operations of the cam event to in effect float one part upon the other to reduce rotational friction.

Abstract: An arrangement for the actuation of a gas-exchange disk valve longitudinally guided in the cylinder head of a reciprocating piston which is opened and closed against spring force by two alternately periodically energized electromagnets. An armature coaxial to the disk valve together with an armature disk secured at the same is thereby moved to and fro and stresses a cylindrical torsion rod spring clamped-in at the cylinder head by way of a valve lever pivotally connected at the armature. For compensating manufacturing tolerances and thermal expansion, a magnetizable entrainment disk is arranged in the armature disk with axial play which is threadably connected with the stem end of the disk valve and effects the tight closing thereof.

Abstract: A self-adjusting hydraulic valve tappet disposed in a guide bore of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and comprising a cup-shaped housing comprised of a hollow cylindrical wall closed at one end by an end member against the outside of which a cam of a camshaft abuts whereby the actual hydraulic play compensating element is guided for longitudinal movement in a bore of a radial flange located at a distance from the end member, the bore being concentric with the hollow cylindrical wall and the radial flange as separate component consisting of a material having a higher coefficient of expansion than steel and being inserted and fixed in the bore of the hollow cylindrical wall with its external mantle surface in a liquid-proof manner, characterized in that between the end member on one side and the radial flange on the other side a hollow tubular element is disposed which under axial pre-tension bears with one of its axial ends against the end member and with its other axial end against the radial

Abstract: The design and construction of past pushrod retainers has required complex components, sliding relationships and additional assembly time and expense. The present invention overcomes these problems by using a retainer attached to a first end of the rocker arm. Thus, the components are simple to install, imexpensive to manufacture and do not increase assembly time since there is no adjustment necessary when using the device. The present pushrod retainer provides a device which retains the cupped end of the pushrod in a pre-established proximity to the first end of the rocker arm and prevents extensive damage to the engine caused by a large separation between the cupped end of the pushrod and the first end of the rocker arm which allows the pushrod to fall into other components and resulting in malfunction of the engine. The device cradles the cupped end and prevents the pushrod from tipping or falling to one side.

Abstract: A valve timing control device includes a rotatable shaft, a housing including a timing wheel axially immovable but angularly movable with respect to the timing wheel, a piston disposed coaxially with the rotatable shaft and the timing wheel, a hydraulic chamber for applying a hydraulic pressure to move the piston axially, a servovalve disposed between the hydraulic pressure chamber and hydraulic pressure supply and release passages and comprising a sleeve and a spool, an actuator for axially moving the spool, and a phase adjusting mechanism operatively coupling the piston, the housing, and the rotatable shaft for varying angular relationship between the timing wheel and the rotatable shaft in response to axial movement of the piston. The actuator may be a hydraulic actuator or an electric actuator.

Abstract: A phase shift device utilized for the camshaft sprockets in a chain control device for an engine having separate camshafts for intake and exhaust valves in an internal combustion engine. A device supporting one or a pair of idler sprockets is shiftable, either pivotally or longitudinally to vary the chain path between a driving and a driven camshaft sprocket in such a way as to vary the phase of the driven sprocket relative to the driving sprocket. This device comprises a bracket which carries at least one idler sprocket and is either pivotally or longitudinally shiftable to vary the phase thus facilitating proper chain control.

Abstract: For adjusting an angular phase difference between an engine crank shaft and an engine cam shaft, fluid under pressure is supplied into one or more chambers defined therebetween. The adjusted condition is maintained or held by mechanical engagement between both shafts.

Abstract: A valve driving mechanism of which a rocker arm is provided at one end portion with a roller brought into a rotative contact with a cam surface of a cam for driving engine valves. The cam consists of 2.0-4.0 wt % of C, 1.5-3.5 wt % of Si, 0.1-1.0 wt % of Mn, 0.005-0.08 wt % of Mg, less than 0.15 wt % of P, less than 0.15 wt % of S, 0.3-1.0 wt % of Cu, 0.03-0.09 wt % of Mo with the balance of Fe, with a matrix of the cam being a granular graphite cast iron having a mixed structure of 30-50 vol % of residual austenite structure and a bainite structure.

Abstract: A finger-follower rocker arm type valve train has a finger-follower rocker arm with an upper surface that extends essentially unbroken from end to end with a central area surface for contact with an overhead cam, the central area surface being concave for lubricant retention purposes and having additional lubricant retaining pockets in the surface as reservoirs to maintain lubricant at the surface at all times regardless of the operability of inoperability of the engine camshaft.

Abstract: A bistable electronically controlled pneumatically powered transducer for use, for example, as a valve mechanism actuator in an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The transducer has an armature including a piston which is coupled to an engine valve, for example. The piston is powered by a pneumatic source and includes pneumatic damping with a one-way return of air compressed beyond source pressure back to the air source as it nears its destination position. Air supplied to power the piston may be differentially controlled to compensate for asymmetric resistance to movement and the air damping may be differentially controlled to provide dissimilar damping at the two extremes of piston motion.

Abstract: A one-piece push rod and method of making same is provided which includes the step of swaging ends of a hollow tube so that end portions have been reduced to 90%-50% of the starting stock. Preferably, the tube is characterized by a thicker middle portion which tapers down to the ends of reduced diameter. Spherical seats of constant wall thickness are formed by first machining a taper on the tips and then cold forming the tapered tips with a punch.

Abstract: A direct acting valve lifter reciprocable in a bore has a pivoting foot for following a three dimensional cam for use with a variable valve lift mechanism of the type having an axially movable camshaft with tapered lobes used to vary valve lift. A rotatable shim on the foot rides on a lubricant film to provide a low friction cam follower. The pivoting foot has a cylindrical convex bearing surface which rolls on a concave cylindrical bearing surface carried by a follower retainer. The bearing surfaces have relative radii of curvature of 2:1 to achieve cardanic rolling motion. A tooth on the foot cooperates with a recess in the retainer to prevent sliding between the cylindrical surfaces.

Abstract: The invention includes an apparatus for retarding an engine. There is a mechanism, such as a master and slave cylinder arrangement, for cracking open each exhaust valve of each cylinder of the engine near top dead center of each compression stroke. There is also provision for increasing the pressure of gases in the exhaust manifold sufficiently to open exhaust valves of other cylinders on the intake stroke after each exhaust valve on the compression stroke is so opened. The provision for increasing the pressure of gases in the exhaust manifold may include retarding timing of the cracking open of the exhaust valves on the compression stroke and a valve or other device for restricting a flow of exhaust gases from the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: A tappet assembly for use in the valve train of an automotive type internal combustion engine has a roller at one end adapted to be engaged by the cam lobe of a camshaft for that engine. A spring biased piston is incorporated in the assembly for movement into frictional engagement with the roller at low engine speeds to dampen out vibrational or shaking forces present in the engine at this speed level by increasing the resistance to rotation of the roller. At higher engine speeds, the piston is moved progressively away from frictional contact with the roller by engine oil galley oil pressure, which increases with engine speed, to a point where the piston is completely removed from engagement with the roller and the roller is permitted to freely rotate at a point when the engine vibration or shaking forces are no longer present.

Abstract: A valve-actuating lever for internal combustion engines with a slide member disposed in a rectangular groove which is form-lockingly retained at the lever member by at least two strips within the area of the forward and rear edge in relation to the direction of rotation of the cam shaft, whereby the lever member is provided with undercuts within the area of the rectangular groove; the strips thereby consist of fiber-reinforced plastic material with a temperature resistance of at least 150.degree. C. and form-lockingly surround the undercuts of the lever member as well as the forward and rear edge of the slide body in relation to the direction of rotation. It is preferred if the strips are constructed as closed frame.

Abstract: A camshaft apparatus in which different amounts of oil are supplied to both sides of a thrust bearing for a camshaft driven by another camshaft through helical gears. A bearing cap, which is a part of the thrust bearing for the camshaft, is formed with first and second holes communicating with both sides of the thrust bearing. The first hole is located at a certain angular position from the center of the camshaft, and the second hole is located at another certain angular position from the center of the camshaft.

Abstract: A cast iron camshaft (1) for an internal combustion engine, has at one end a toothed pulley (3) engaging a toothed belt, and an internal tensile member including a screw threaded bolt (5). The bolt engages part of the camshaft (1) adjacent the end where the toothed pulley (3) is fixed, and extends along a longitudinal bore (6), and has a screw threaded end (8) which engages an internal thread (9) positioned adjacent the point where the bending moment exerted on the camshaft by the toothed belt tension P becomes zero. As a result, the alternating bending loads which would otherwise occur in the vicinity of the cross-section X--X which is in danger, are converted into a continuous compressive load, which can be sustained by the cast iron material more effectively than an alternating bending load.

Abstract: An intake or exhaust valve assembly for use in a four cycle internal combustion engine including a primary poppet valve, said primary poppet valve having at least one aperture disposed through its valve body and a secondary poppet valve body mounted to seal when engaged to the primary valve body, said secondary valve body having at least one aperture and a biasing means for moving the secondary valve body away from the primary valve body during the initial opening process when the primary valve is accelerating to its opened position. In the closed position of an intake port, the primary valve apertures are not aligned with the secondary valve apertures thus forming a sealed closure across the port. During the opening process of the intake cycle the biasing means moves the secondary valve body away from the primary valve body, thereby permitting intake charge to flow through the apertures disposed in the primary and the secondary valve bodies.

Abstract: A valve drive assembly for an internal combustion engine includes a given number of pistons, the given number of inlet or outlet valves each being connected to a piston and independently movable by hydraulic fluid acting upon the pistons, at least one rotatable link disposed in a housing for aiding in shutting off and releasing a supply of hydraulic fluid to the pistons at regular intervals, and an auxiliary shaft supported in the rotatable link and driven by a crankshaft. First and second supply lines for hydraulic fluid lead from a hydraulic pump to first and second annular grooves formed in the housing. The rotatable link has the given number of radial third and fourth conduits formed therein communicating with the first and second annular grooves. The auxiliary shaft has fifth and sixth annular grooves formed therein communicating with the third and fourth conduits. Fifth and sixth conduits communicate with the fifth and sixth annular grooves.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a single sluice (3) which opens asymmetrically and one-sidedly in an exhaust channel (5) and which runs tangentially within the cylinder (1), diagonally to the cylinder head. A rotating flow is thus obtained in the cylinder along its inner wall, thus ensuring a complete and reliable ignition, a low fuel consumption and a low pollutant content in the exhaust gases.