Abstract: On a control plane or on a user plane of a communication system, a parameter of service quality for a session between a user equipment and a data network is received (S2B01), the parameter is evaluated (S2B02) for a change of the parameter, and based on the evaluation (S2B03), the change of the parameter is reported (S2B04) to the control plane of the communication system. On the control plane, the parameter is received (S2A01). The parameter is evaluated (S2A02), and based on the evaluation (S2A03), re-location of a user plane network function is initiated and/or a new user plane network function is inserted (S2A04).

Abstract: A device may receive channel data associated with a channel provided between a network and a user device, and may calculate, based on the channel data, key performance indicator data that includes a plurality of key performance indicators for the channel. The device may multiply the plurality of key performance indicators by factors to generate factored key performance indicator data that includes a plurality of factored key performance indicators. The device may apply weights to the plurality of factored key performance indicators of the factored key performance indicator data to generate factored weighted key performance indicator data that includes a plurality of factored weighted key performance indicators. The device may calculate a quality indicator for the channel based on the factored weighted key performance indicator data, and may perform one or more actions based on the quality indicator for the channel.

Abstract: A system for establishing and maintaining a communications network includes: one or more programs including instructions for: receiving a first set of data associated with a first set of communication links, the first set of communication links configured to establish connection between devices; receiving a second set of data associated with a second set of communication links; receiving a determination of whether one or more communication links of the first set satisfy a pre-determined quality level; receiving a determination of whether one or more communication links of the second set satisfy the pre-determined quality level; receiving a selection from the one or more communication links of the second set that have been determined to satisfy the pre-determined quality level; and connecting the devices via the selected one or more communication links if one or more communication links of the first set is determined to not satisfy the pre-determined quality level.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a communication method and apparatus. The method includes: After receiving, from a network device, information about K uplink data channels for repeating a data packet for K times and information about a first time domain resource for transmitting first uplink control information UCI, in a case in which the first time domain resource overlaps a first uplink data channel of the K uplink data channels in time domain and the first uplink data channel is overloaded, a terminal device determines a physical resource for transmitting the first UCI, and then sends the first UCI to the network device by using the determined physical resource.

Abstract: A communication apparatus can execute a first communication mode for allowing wireless communication with an information processing apparatus via an external access point. Also, the communication apparatus can execute a second communication mode for allowing the communication apparatus to function as a master station without intervention of the external access point to perform wireless communication with the information processing apparatus serving as a slave station. Furthermore, the communication apparatus can execute a third communication mode of a standard different from standards of the first communication mode and the second communication mode. The communication apparatus controls not to execute communication in either the second communication mode or the third communication mode based on a frequency band used in the first communication mode.

Abstract: A first layer one link aggregation master comprises a first port coupled to receive customer traffic; a first channel; a second channel; an aggregation engine coupled to the first and second channels; a first switch circuit coupled to the first port and to the first channel, and configured to communicate the customer traffic from the first port over the first channel to the aggregation engine, the aggregation engine including a splitter circuit configured to use layer one information to segment at least a portion of the customer traffic into a first virtual container and a second virtual container, the aggregation engine further including an encapsulation circuit configured to encapsulate the second virtual container using Ethernet standards for transport over the second channel; a radio access card configured to generate an air frame based on the first virtual container for wireless transmission over a first wireless link of a link aggregation group to the receiver; and a second switch circuit coupled to the

Abstract: A system including a transmission terminal, used for transmitting a target data packet obtained by encrypting and encapsulating a data flow; a network controller, deployed in a first Internet network and storing routing information from the transmission terminal to a receiving terminal; and a backbone transmission network device, deployed in a backbone transmission network and used for obtaining the routing information and the target data packet forwarded by the first Internet network and forwarding the target data packet to the receiving terminal based on the routing information. The present disclosure solves the technical problem of low efficiency and high cost of data transmission in the conventional techniques.

Abstract: Provided are a power adjustment method and apparatus for an unlicensed spectrum, and a terminal device and a network device. The method comprises: a terminal device adjusting, in a first transition period, a transmission power from turning-off to turning-on for a target transmission, wherein the first transition period and a first gap at least partially overlap in a time domain, the first gap comprises the length of time between an end moment of a first transmission and a start moment of the target transmission, and the first transmission is the most recent transmission before the target transmission.

Abstract: A router encapsulates a payload of a packet in a generic routing encapsulation (GRE) header that defines a connectionless GRE tunnel. The router also encapsulates the payload and the GRE header in one or more reliable transport headers associated with a connection formed using a reliable transport layer. The router conveys the packet via the connectionless GRE tunnel over the reliable transport layer. In some cases, the GRE header is a network virtualization using GRE (NVGRE) header that allows multiple NVGRE overlays to be multiplexed onto a single IP underlay tunnel. The reliable transport layer can be implemented as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) layer, a QUIC protocol, a Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) or a QUIC protocol to establish a set of multiplexed sub-connections or streams over a single connection between two endpoints of the tunnel, or a transport layer security (TLS) cryptographic protocol.

Abstract: A segment routing device receives a first packet from a first network. A first packet header of the first packet includes a segment list. The segment list includes a plurality of sequentially arranged identifiers. The identifiers include a first-type identifier and a plurality of second-type identifiers. Network devices or links identified by the first-type identifier and the second-type identifier are respectively on the first network and a second network. A type of the first network is different from a type of the second network. The segment routing device encapsulates a second packet header for the first packet to form a second packet. The second packet header includes the plurality of second-type identifiers. The segment routing device sends the second packet to the second network.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for automatically establishing a virtual private network (VPN) based on detecting a connection to a public network. A computing device may detect a connection to a public network. The computing device may determine whether the connection to the public network is secured and/or may determine a quality of that connection. If the connection is unsecure and/or if the quality satisfies a quality threshold, the computing device may establish a VPN session.

Abstract: A base station (BS) and a method for wireless communication are provided. The method includes transmitting a first radio resource control (RRC) configuration that configures a radio link monitoring configuration that includes a beam failure detection (BFD) timer and a beam failure indication (BFI) count threshold. The first RRC configuration enables a user equipment (UE) to: start or restart the BFD timer by a medium access control (MAC) entity of the UE each time a BFI is received from a lower layer; and initiate a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure upon determining that the number of the received BFIs is greater than or equal to the BFI count threshold. The method further includes transmitting a second RRC configuration that reconfigures the radio link monitoring configuration. The second RRC configuration enables the UE to set the BFI counter to zero in response to receiving the second RRC configuration.

Abstract: A bit index explicit replication (BIER) packet sending method includes receiving, by a first node in a first BIER domain, a packet from a second node in a second BIER domain, where the packet carries an identifier of the second BIER domain, determining a BIER packet sending policy corresponding to the identifier of the second BIER domain based on the identifier of the second BIER domain and according to a preconfigured BIER packet sending policy, and encapsulating and sending a BIER packet according to the BIER packet sending policy.

Abstract: An automatic wireless fine-grained ratio map construction and adaptation system may include a Gaussian process regression (GPR) model constructed with real wireless received signal strength (RSS) measurements collected in a free space to provide coarse RSS estimation in a constrained space, and a generative adversarial network (GAN) to provide fine-grained RSS estimation in the constrained space by using an output of GPR as an input for a generator of GAN, modeling the irregular RSS distributions in complex indoor environments. The system may generate realistic RSS data in the constrained space that has not been manually site-surveyed.

Abstract: Techniques for integrating disparate headend traffic ingress services with disparate backend services are disclosed herein. The techniques may include receiving, at a classification and forwarding node of a networked computing environment, a data packet encapsulated according to a first encapsulation protocol that is supported by the classification and forwarding node. The techniques may also include determining, by the classification and forwarding node, that the data packet is to be sent to a service from among a group of services associated with the networked computing environment. The classification and forwarding node may also determine whether the first encapsulation protocol is supported by the service. Based at least in part on determining that the service supports a second encapsulation protocol different than the first encapsulation protocol, the classification and forwarding node may encapsulate the data packet according to the second encapsulation protocol and send the data packet to the service.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for wireless communications. A wireless device may inform a base station of a failure of a beam failure recovery procedure for a secondary cell. The wireless device may include an indicator of the failure in a report providing, or configured to provide, values for signal strength or other characteristic of a downlink signal. The indicator may be in addition to, and/or may replace, one or more indicators of signal strength or other characteristic.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. Wireless communications systems may support beamformed transmissions between devices (e.g., to improve coverage range). The beamformed transmissions may depend on discovery and maintenance of receive and transmit beams over which a given device may communicate with another device. Various receive and transmit beams for a given device may be compared using reference signals. As the number of devices attempting to access a cell increases, the number of reference signals to be transmitted may scale proportionally. Large numbers of reference signals may flood time-frequency resources of the system and/or require excessive processing at a mobile device. Scrambling sequences for reference signals may be employed to improve efficiency of resource usage. In aspects, the scrambling sequences may be implicitly determined (e.g., based on resources over which the access request was transmitted).

Abstract: An example method may include identifying upload packets at a VPN client operating on a client device, and the upload packets include a header with a destination server as the destination field and the client device as the source field, adding, via the VPN client, an additional header identifying the client device in an additional source field and identifying an interconnect server center (ISC) device in an additional destination field, to create modified upload packets, receiving the modified upload packets from the client device at the ISC device, replacing, via the ISC device, the additional source field of the modified upload packets with a new additional source field identifying the ISC device and replacing the additional destination field of the modified upload packets with a new additional destination field identifying a VPN server to create further modified upload packets, and forwarding the further modified upload packets to the VPN server for routing to the destination server.

Abstract: A terminal is disclosed, which is capable of appropriately determining a resource to which a DCI is mapped. A DCI receiver (203) receives first and second downlink (DL) control signals, and a signal demultiplexer (202) demultiplexes a DL data signal from a received signal, using the first and the second DL control signals. The DCI receiver (203) identifies a resource for the second DL control signal based on information on the first DL control signal, or information on the DL data signal, indicated by the first DL control signal.

Abstract: A system for multicast traffic management in an overlay tunnel fabric is provided. The system can operate a first switch and a second switch of the fabric as part of a virtual switch. The virtual switch can operate as a gateway for the fabric. The system can efficiently deploy a rendezvous point (RP) for a multicast group at the first switch. During operation, the system can determine whether to synchronize a registration packet associated with the multicast group with the second switch based on a type of a first ingress connection associated with the registration packet. The system can then determine whether to receive subsequent registration packets for the multicast group based on the type of the first ingress connection and reception of a join request for the multicast group. The type of a respective connection indicates whether the connection includes an overlay tunnel.