Abstract: The polarization-diverse antenna array includes three orthogonal loop antennas having a common center, e.g. together defining a sphere. Each loop antenna includes a loop electrical conductor. Two signal feedpoints are along the loop electrical conductor and separated by a fraction of a length of the loop electrical conductor. Each of the signal feedpoints includes a series signal feedpoint so that a polarization diversity controller coupled thereto may selectively provide vertical, horizontal, lefthand circular and righthand circular polarization for a single loop electrical conductor, including simultaneous (dual) polarizations. These signal feedpoints may supply signals with vertical, horizontal, lefthand circular and righthand circular polarization from each of the three orthogonal look-angles provided by the three loop electrical conductors.

Abstract: A small volume antenna (100) has the form of a polygonal (e.g., square) board with multiple antenna elements (104, 110) located at vertices (114, 116) (e.g., opposite vertices). The antenna elements (104, 110) include two segments (118, 120, 124, 126) that meet at corners (122, 128) that are located at the vertices (114, 116). Peripheral portions (134, 136, 138, 140) of a ground plane (132) that underlie the segments (118, 120, 124, 126) of the antenna elements are deleted, and slots (154, 162) that have two joined segments (156, 158, 164, 166) that parallel the segments (118, 120, 124, 126) of the antenna elements (104, 110) are formed in the antenna elements. The antenna elements (104, 110) are selectively loaded by switched impedance (e.g., capacitance) networks (172, 176, 178, 180, 182, 186, 190, 192). The antenna (100) is able to support operation in at least two broad operating bands.

Abstract: Disclosed is an internal antenna apparatus. The internal antenna allows feeding and ground connection to an antenna without power loss or degradation of performance in a structure in which a main printed circuit board is separated from the antenna. The internal antenna apparatus in a mobile communication terminal includes an antenna, a main printed circuit board, and a key pad printed circuit board, the antenna being spaced from the main printed circuit board a predetermined distance. A feeding pad is connected to the antenna, an antenna feeding part is connected between the main printed circuit board and the feeding pad, and a ground connection part connects a ground part of the main printed circuit board to a ground part of the key pad printed circuit board. The antenna feeding part includes a coaxial cable and a cable connection part. The antenna feeding part passes through a battery mounting space between the antenna and the main printed circuit board.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-functional energy-saving fluorescent lamp in which an illumination sensor for distinguishing day and night, a timer for time control, and an infrared sensor for sensing a human are integrally provided to one lamp as a light source. The sensors measure illumination according to quantity of light or sense existence of a human. If the illumination around the lamp is lower than a certain level, e.g. at night, or a human exists, the sensors send a data signal for driving a lighting control circuit so that the lamp is automatically turned on/off. This lamp has simple structure and ensures low energy consumption. In addition, by addition of a reflection shade, heat emitted from the lamp is blocked and the illumination efficiency is improved. This lamp may be conveniently installed to any place using a socket-type light bulb without any separate sensor, thereby greatly improving convenience of a user.

Abstract: A composite material comprising a dielectric material and a plurality of non-overlapping local resonant cell groups disposed across the dielectric material is described. Each local resonant cell group comprises a plurality of resonant cells that are small relative to a first wavelength of electromagnetic radiation that is incident upon the composite material. Each local resonant cell group has a spatial extent that is not larger than an order of the first wavelength. For each of the local resonant cell groups, the resonant cells therein are chirped with respect to at least one geometric feature thereof such that a plurality of different subsets of the resonant cells resonate for a respective plurality of wavelengths in a spectral neighborhood of the first wavelength. The composite material exhibits at least one of a negative effective permeability and a negative effective permittivity for each of the plurality of wavelengths in that spectral neighborhood.

Abstract: An antenna system includes a ground plane including a first corner and a second corner that are positioned along a first common edge. A first antenna element is disposed at the first corner of the ground plane and includes a first slot. A second antenna element is disposed at the second corner of the ground plane and includes a second slot. The first antenna element and the second antenna element are fed with an electromagnetic signal and the electromagnetic signal at the first antenna element is approximately 90 degrees shifted from the signal at the second antenna element. The first antenna element and the second antenna element form an antenna structure, and the antenna structure transmits circularly polarized radiation.

Abstract: An attachment/detachment mechanism for an antenna is configured to avoid damage to the antenna when an excessively large force is applied to the antenna, regardless of the direction. A rotational L-shaped connector of an antenna section of the antenna is connected to an antenna housing disposed on a main electronic device unit. A fitting groove is formed on a male fitting cylinder on the rotational L-shaped connector side, and an O-ring is fitted to the groove. An engagement projection formed on an inner wall of a female fitting cylinder on the antenna housing frictionally engages with the O-ring. This configuration allows rotation and attachment/detachment of the antenna section relative to the antenna housing. A contact member is attached to the fitting cylinder to contact a contact spring 31 that presses the O-ring against the engagement projection.

Abstract: A self-stabilizing antenna is pivotable about an axis of elevation, a cross-level axis and an azimuth axis. The antenna comprises an antenna member (1) for transfer of signals between said antenna member and a satellite, and a frame member (6) on which the antenna member (1) is mounted for mounting thereof on said movable support. The frame member (6) includes mounting members (7, 8 and 9) permitting pivotal movement of the antenna member about said axes. The antenna further comprises driving units (12, 14) for pivotal movement of the antenna member (1) about said axes, electronic units (21, 22) for sensing and controlling the pivotal movements of the antenna member (1) and for the transfer of signals between the antenna member and a satellite, a signal transformer unit (5), a signal amplifier unit (23), a signal transfer unit (30) and a gyroscope unit (24).

Abstract: Communications devices having a combined antenna and speaker for a radio receiving apparatus is provided. The combined antenna and speaker includes a speaker and a low profile built-in radio antenna element. The antenna element includes a flat sheet carrying a conductive antenna trace. An exciter is connected to the sheet and devised to induce vibrations therein for generating sound. This integrates a flat panel speaker with the antenna element, which saves components and may increase performance.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus is mounted at a wheel rim as a transponder of a system for monitoring a tire pressure or the like, and attached at an end portion of an air valve. The apparatus includes a circuit board having an electronic circuit portion and a grounding conductor layer, a sheet-metal inverse-F type antenna element, a sheet-metal shield case conducting to the grounding conductor layer to cover the electronic circuit portion, and a resin case for accommodating these components. One side surface extending in a longitudinal direction of a space defined between the circuit board and the radiating conductor of the antenna element faces one of sidewalls of a tire, and the other side surface thereof faces a wall surface of the wheel rim with a distance interposed therebetween, the distance being about one-fourth of a wavelength of a radio wave to be used.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle mobile radio holder for mounting a mobile radio terminal in a vehicle, with the vehicle mobile radio holder having a housing with a first housing part which is shaped to hold a mobile radio terminal. The vehicle mobile radio holder also has an electrical interface for connection of an external antenna to the vehicle mobile radio holder, and a coupling antenna which is electrically connected to the interface, for non-contacting electromagnetic coupling of RF signals between the coupling antenna and the antenna of the mobile radio terminal which is inserted into the vehicle mobile radio holder. The vehicle mobile radio holder also has one or more elements for reflection of electromagnetic radiation which has been emitted from the antenna of the mobile radio terminal inserted into the vehicle mobile radio holder and has not been injected into the coupling antenna, and/or has one or more elements for absorption of this electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: An attachment rack apparatus with antenna is provided, including a first connection unit, a second connection unit and an antenna unit. The first connection unit includes a first attachment plate and a second attachment plate. One end of the first and second attachment plates are connected together. The two attachment plates are arcs facing each other to form a non-closed space. The bottom of the second connection unit is attached to the joint of the first and the second attachment plates. The top of the second connection unit is attached to the antenna unit. The second connection unit provides the antenna unit with space and mechanism for adjustment in angles, positions and orientations. The present invention is applicable to a holder with suction disc for holding electronic devices in a vehicle.

Abstract: A system for controlling a load circuit is disclosed. The system includes a plurality of multi-way sensor switches for mounting in an electrical boxes and coupling to the load circuit. Preferably, each of the multi-way sensor switches includes a tactile switch for manually opening and closing the load circuit load circuit, a built-in sensor for automatically opening and closing the load circuit in response to a level of detected motion and a micro-processor for generating status signals. The status signals are transmitted between each of the multi-way sensor switches over a traveler wire that is electrically coupled to each of the multi-way sensor switches. The micro-processor then uses the status signals to synchronize the operation of each of the multi-way sensor switches to allowing the multi-way sensor switches to operate in a true three-way fashion.

Abstract: The present invention is a dual frequency and circularly polarized microstrip antenna with a ground plane, a mid layer above the ground plane with a parasitically driven resonant mid patch (for transmissions at a second frequency), a top layer with a directly driven patch parasitically driving the mid patch (for transmissions at a first frequency), and parasitic elements.

Abstract: A reduced height log periodic antenna that may safely be positioned under the rotating blades of a helicopter sitting on the ground and still resonate in the frequency range at which the antenna was originally designed to resonate. The antenna comprises a pair of antenna booms, a first plurality of vertical antenna radiating elements connected to the booms, and a second plurality of vertical antenna radiating elements connected to the booms. In addition, the antenna includes a plurality of tuned horizontal antenna radiating elements, each tuned horizontal radiating element being connected to the top of one of the second plurality of vertical antenna radiating elements, and a plurality of tuned upwardly bent horizontal antenna radiating elements, each tuned upwardly bent horizontal antenna radiating element being connected to the bottom of one of the second plurality of vertical antenna radiating elements.

Abstract: An indirectly heated cathode C1 comprises a heater 1, a double coil 2, a mesh member 3, and a metal oxide 10. An electrical insulating layer 4 is formed on the surface of heater 1. Heater 1 is inserted into and positioned at the inner side of double coil 2. Mesh member 3 is disposed along the length direction of double coil 2 at the outer side of double coil 2. Double coil 2 is grounded by being connected to the ground terminal of heater 1 via a lead rod 7. Metal oxide 10 is held by double coil 2 and disposed to be in contact with mesh member 3. Metal oxide 10 and mesh member 3 are exposed to the outer side of indirectly heated electrode C1 so that the surface of metal oxide 10 and the surface of mesh member 3 make up a discharge surface and mesh member 3 is in contact with the surface part of metal oxide 10.

Abstract: A center fed half-wave dipole antenna system includes first and second end brackets that are separated by a center bracket. The center bracket and each of the end brackets include a plurality of electrically isolated terminals allowing the center bracket to be coupled to each of the end brackets via a pair of dipole lines that may contain multiple dipole wires. As such, the antenna system is able to increase the effective length of the dipole antenna in a reduced amount of space, thus reducing the mounting area requirements of the antenna system.

Abstract: A light-emitting body of the present invention includes an anode and a cathode at least partly facing the anode with the intermediary of a light-emitting material layer. An auxiliary electrode is formed, via an insulation layer, on the surface of the light-emitting body opposite to the surface where the anode faces the cathode via the light-emitting material layer. The cathode can be formed of a material that corrodes little. The light-emitting body therefore extends the life of a light-emitting device and therefore the life of a light-emitting display.

Abstract: A method for igniting a plasma in a semiconductor process chamber is provided herein. In one embodiment, a method for igniting a plasma in a semiconductor substrate process chamber having an electrically isolated anode, wherein the plasma has failed to ignite upon applying a plasma ignition voltage to a cathode of the process chamber, includes the steps of reducing the magnitude of the voltage applied to the cathode; reapplying the plasma ignition voltage to the cathode; and monitoring the process chamber to determine if the plasma has ignited. The step of monitoring the process chamber may have a duration of a first period of time. The step of reducing the magnitude of the voltage applied to the cathode may have a duration of a second period of time. The steps of reducing the cathode voltage magnitude and reapplying the plasma ignition voltage may be repeated until a plasma ignites.

Abstract: A high impedance surface (300) has a printed circuit board (302) with a first surface (314) and a second surface (316), and a continuous electrically conductive plate (319) disposed on the second surface (316) of the printed circuit board (302). A plurality of electrically conductive plates (318) is disposed on the first surface (314) of the printed circuit board (302), while a plurality of elements are also provided. Each element comprises at least one of (1) at least one multi-layer inductor (330, 331) electrically coupled between at least two of the electrically conductive plates (318) and embedded within the printed circuit board (302), and (2) at least one capacitor (320) electrically coupled between at least two of the electrically conductive plates (318).