Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for controlling collaborative access to a work group document by the users of a computer system. A combination of public-key cryptographic methods, symmetric cryptographic methods, and message digest generation methods are used. The document has a data portion and a prefix portion. A computer-implemented collaborative encryption method uses structures in the prefix portion to restrict access to the information stored in the data portion. Users who are currently members of a collaborative group can readily access the information, while users who are not currently members of the group cannot. Other structures in the prefix portion support collaborative signatures, such that members of the group can digitally sign a particular version of the data portion. These collaborative signatures can then be used to identify the signing member and to determine if changes in the data portion were made after the collaborative signature was linked to the document.

Abstract: A ferrite core for a deflection yoke of a CRT includes concave and convex portions for correcting a raster distortion of the deflection yoke by varying a magnetic path at one end of a screen portion of the ferrite core. The ferrite core may be incorporated in a deflection yoke that includes a horizontal deflection coil for deflecting electron beams emitted from an electron gun in the horizontal direction, a vertical deflection coil for deflecting the electron beams in the vertical direction, and a holder for fixing the horizontal deflection coil and the vertical deflection coil to given positions and separating them from each other. The ferrite core also prevents a magnetic force caused by the horizontal and vertical deflection coils from being reduced.

Abstract: A knocking detecting system has an electronic control unit to detect the knocking caused by an abnormal combustion of a gasoline engine. The electronic control unit determines whether the knocking is generated according to an angular velocity variation. Specifically, the electronic control unit compares a variation of the crank angular velocity with respect to a predetermined variation value in the ignition area of the engine.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for measuring a fluid flow speed using a current controlled heat sensor. A first signal is extracted from the heat sensor for a first value of current. The value of the current flowing through the heat sensor is modified and, from the same thermal sensor, a second signal is extracted for a second value of current. These signals are then processed by a fuzzy logic microprocessor to obtain a value of the speed of flow of the fluid.

Abstract: A sled docking system for moving a sled carriage on or off a sled rail. The sled docking system includes a docking assembly which can carry a sled carriage. The docking assembly has a moving member which allows the docking assembly to be moved to any desired location including a location adjacent to the sled rail such that the sled carriage can be moved between the sled rail and the docking assembly.

Abstract: To eliminate a distortion of an output image detected by a semiconductor device serving as an anode in an electron tube, a faceplate is configured to a planar shape and a window provided on the semiconductor device has a pincushion outer profile in which points on the outer profile of the window that correspond to points on the outer profile of the faceplate are outwardly positioned farther than the corresponding points in the outer profile of the faceplate that are apart from the center of the faceplate. Further, the window is divided into a plurality of segments to define picture elements.

Abstract: A method of monitoring bagginess of a web transverse to a longitudinal direction of the web is disclosed. The method includes projecting a first reference light onto a front face of the web transverse to the web, and projecting a first measurement light onto the front face of the web non-perpendicular to the front face and transverse to the web. The longitudinal distance on the front face of the web between a point along the first reference light and a corresponding point along the first measurement light are compared to determine bagginess of the web. A method of monitoring bagginess of a web in the longitudinal direction of the web is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method (42) is disclosed for detecting the usage of a heater (31) in a block (30) of an internal combustion engine (11). The method (42) uses temperature measurements of the engine coolant and any ambient air used to create the air/fuel mixture. Based on the difference between the temperatures, the temperatures are weighted and added to create a temperature variable. The temperature variable is used by the electronic engine control module (34) to create an air/fuel mixture which will allow the internal combustion engine (11) to start smoothly. The method (42) operates on this modified temperature; i.e., the temperature variable, which is not the temperature of the engine coolant, nor the ambient air, and allows for the stoichiometric balance of the air/fuel mixture to be modified to optimize performance of the internal combustion engine (11) during a cold start in cold weather with warm engine coolant.

Abstract: An oxygen sensor has a detecting device unit for outputting a sensor current such as a limiting current of which a value is constant even though a sensing voltage applied to the oxygen sensor changes in a limiting current generating region and corresponds to an air-fuel ratio of a combustion gas and a heater for heating the detecting device unit to keep a resistance of the detecting device unit even though the oxygen sensor is degraded. When the sensing voltage is changed to a second sensing voltage of a resistance governing region, a current peak occurs in the sensor current, and a peak current value is detected. Because the peak current value decreases as the oxygen sensor is gradually degraded, when the peak current value is lower than a degradation judging value, it is judged that the oxygen sensor is degraded. Therefore, the diagnosis of the degradation of the oxygen sensor can be performed with a high accuracy.

Abstract: A capillary calorimetric cell comprises a solid metallic block having a plurality of channels formed therein. Each channel has first and second ends opening to a first end face and a second end face, respectively, of the block. First and second members are disposed at the first and second end faces of the block, respectively, and cooperate with the block so that adjacent first ends and adjacent second ends of the channels are connected to thus form a single, continuous channel through the block.

Abstract: An apparatus and related methods for capturing a digital foot print image of a tire and for extrapolating load-deflection curves of the tire is presented. A frame carries a test pod that is coupled to a tire to perform various tests. In one application, a loading plate couples the tire to a transparent plate on the test pod where a camera captures a digital gray-scale image of the tire foot print. A processor converts the gray-scale image into a pressure map wherein each pixel of the digital image is correlated to a pressure value. In another application, the loading plate couples the tire to a sliding cover plate on the test pod, wherein the loading plate is incremented through a plurality of load values at predetermined inflation pressures. By using two inflation pressures, the processor extrapolates further load-deflection curves for the tire at other inflation pressures. The apparatus also provides a unique way for imparting camber on the tire during the above tests.

Abstract: A device for a braking and traction test of a wheel integral with a hub that is free to rotate, comprises a road-wheel, a crank integral with the hub and a connecting rod that causes the reciprocating movement of a piston sealingly sliding in a chamber of a cylinder containing air. The piston exerts on the wheel and on the tire a sinusoidal torque consisting in a braking torque during its compression stroke and in a traction torque during its expansion stroke. The device also comprises a first deformation transducer associated with the hub and a second and a third speed transducer associated with the hub and with the road-wheel, respectively.

Abstract: A crash sensor including an accelerometer, a calculation device, a comparator, a trigger circuit, a physical quantity calculation device, and an adjusting device. The accelerometer develops an acceleration signal and the calculation device calculates a first value corresponding to a magnitude of deceleration based on the acceleration signal. The comparator compares the first value and the trigger circuit actuates a protective device, such as an air bag, upon receiving the trigger signal from the trigger circuit. The physical quantity calculation device calculates a magnitude of physical quantities in a wave defined by acceleration signals during an initial stage of a crash. The adjusting device adjusts at least one of the first value corresponding to the magnitude of deceleration and the threshold value used by the comparator on a basis of the magnitude of physical quantities.

Abstract: The monitor for uncommanded braking controls uncommanded brake application on one or more wheels during takeoff of an aircraft. Brake pedal application is determined, brake pressure is measured, and brake pressure is compared with a selected threshold brake pressure. A brake pressure applied signal is generated when the brake pressure exceeds the threshold brake pressure. The pedal application signal and brake pressure applied signal are received by a fault latch logic circuit that generates a fault latch output signal when uncommanded braking has occurred. A test inhibit signal is also generated when weight is not applied on the wheel. The test inhibit signal is also input to the fault latch logic circuit so that uncommanded braking can occur when the aircraft is in the air and weight is off the wheel. The monitor disables or latches off the shutoff valve when pressure is detected without pedal application.

Abstract: A computer-implemented pseudo random number generator includes an input device to assemble multiple classes of bits from multiple sources into an input bit string. The multiple classes of bits include an internal class of bits from at least one source internal to the random number generator, such as a static bit register which maintains the current state of the generator. The input device also gathers one or more external classes of bits from one or more sources external to the random number generator, such as a machine class of bits which relate to operating parameters of the computer and an application class of bits which relate to execution of an application running on the computer. The input device concatenates the three classes of bits into an arbitrary length input bit string. The random number generator also has a hash computing device which computes an m-bit hash value of the input bit string assembled by the input device.

Abstract: A measuring system for linear and angular movements with a first length or angle sensor (3) which operates in accordance with a first measuring method and which converts an input value (s, alpha) in the form of a linear or angular movement into an electrically processible first output value (UPOT) is further developed to increase the functional reliability and to avoid "coomon model" errors in such a manner that a second length or angle sensor (1) which is mechanically coupled with the first length or angle sensor (3) is provided which operates to a measuring method that is different from the first measuring method, and which converts the linear and angular movement (s, alpha) into an electrically processible second output value (UPULS), with the first and second output value (UPOT, UPULS) being available for subsequent processing and evaluation.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a structure containing a rigid body. The method defines a set of displacement factors to be imposed on a structure model. The method is used for calculating structure stress defining equations including a load vector representing externally applied forces on the structure model. The method modifies the load vector to compensate for rigid body deformation and evaluates stresses on the structure model from data generated from the structure stress defining equations.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pre-straining a bolt-on strain sensor. The pre-strain is preferably adjusted by inserting a strain adjusting tool through strain adjusting holes in the sensor and the structural member. The portion of the tool engaging the sensor is preferably offset from the portion of the tool engaging the hole in the support structure to provide a camming function. After the strain has been adjusted to a desired value, a bolt adjacent the strain adjusting hold of the sensor is tightened to fixedly secure the sensor to the support structure and maintain the preadjust strain at the desired value.

Abstract: The Electric lamp has a lamp vessel in which an electric element is accommodated, connected to current conductors which emanate from the lamp vessel. At least one of the current conductors has a length portion which is a solidified melt and in the area of which portion the current conductor has a kink. As a result of the conductor having a kink the electric element is aligned in the lamp vessel. The lamp can be obtained by melting the current conductor, e.g. by means of a laser, in the finished lamp.

Abstract: A funnel for a cathode ray tube, which includes a neck tube; the neck tube having an end enlarged to provide a flare zone; and the flare zone having an opened end for coupling a stem for supporting stem pins thereto; wherein the flare zone has at least an outer shape constituted by a tapered surface and a substantially straight surface continuous therewith.