Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a single-crystal diamond, the method including the steps of: forming a protective film on at least a part of a surface of an auxiliary plate; preparing a diamond seed crystal substrate; disposing an auxiliary plate with a protective film that has the protective film formed on the auxiliary plate, and a diamond seed crystal substrate in a chamber; and growing a single-crystal diamond on a principal surface of the diamond seed crystal substrate by a chemical vapor deposition method while introducing a carbon-containing gas into the chamber.

Abstract: The present invention provides a porous metal-containing carbon-based material that is stable at high temperatures under aqueous conditions. The porous metal-containing carbon-based materials are particularly useful in catalytic applications. Also provided, are methods for making and using porous shaped metal-carbon products prepared from these materials.

Abstract: This method for producing a SiC single crystal includes a first growth step of growing a crystal from a seed crystal in a direction that is substantially orthogonal to the <0001> direction, a second growth step of growing the crystal in a direction that is substantially orthogonal to the <0001> direction and substantially orthogonal to the direction of crystal growth in the first growth step, a third growth step of growing the crystal along the direction of crystal growth in the first growth step but in the opposite orientation to the orientation of crystal growth in the first growth step, and a fourth growth step of growing the crystal along the direction of crystal growth in the second growth step but in the opposite orientation to the orientation of crystal growth in the second growth step.

Abstract: Shaped porous carbon products and processes for preparing these products are provided. The shaped porous carbon products can be used, for example, as catalyst supports and adsorbents. Catalyst compositions including these shaped porous carbon products, processes of preparing the catalyst compositions, and various processes of using the shaped porous carbon products and catalyst compositions are also provided.

Abstract: A fluorescent diamond particle, characterized by having a surface and a diamond lattice; the particle comprising a core and a region within approximately 3 nm of the surface of the particle enriched with fluorescent color centers, where the near surface enrichment with color centers is enriched by a treatment providing in-diffusion of external dopants, as compared to particles which have not undergone the treatment. The dopant is selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen atom, a group of nitrogen atoms, silicon, and a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an SiC single crystal, enabling obtaining an SiC single crystal substrate in which a screw dislocation-reduced region is ensured in a wide range, and an SiC single crystal substrate. The SiC single crystal substrate is produced using a seed crystal having an off angle in the off orientation from a {0001} plane by a production method wherein in advance of a growth main step of performing crystal growth to form a facet {0001} plane in the crystal peripheral part on the crystal end face having grown thereon the bulk silicon carbide single crystal and obtain more than 50% of the thickness of the obtained SiC single crystal, a growth sub-step of growing the crystal at a higher nitrogen concentration than in the growth main step and at a growth atmosphere pressure of 3.9 to 39.9 kPa and a seed crystal temperature of 2,100° C. to less than 2,300° C. is included.

Abstract: Provided is an aluminum nitride single crystal which is easier to cut than conventional ones. The presently disclosed aluminum nitride single crystal 1 has a matrix region M constituting a matrix of the aluminum nitride single crystal, and at least one domain region D included in the matrix region M.

Abstract: A single-crystal diamond material has a transmittance of light with a wavelength of greater than or equal to 410 nm and less than or equal to 750 nm of less than or equal to 15% for any wavelength, and is at least either of an electrical insulator according to optical evaluation and an electrical insulator according to electrical evaluation. A criterion of the optical evaluation can be a transmittance of light with a wavelength of 10.6 ?m of greater than or equal to 1%. A criterion of the electrical evaluation can be an average resistivity of greater than or equal to 1×106 ?cm. Accordingly, a single-crystal diamond material having a low transmittance of light in the entire region of the visible light region and exhibiting a black color is provided.

Abstract: The disclosure provides for methods of oxidizing carbide anions, or negative ions, from salt like carbides at low temperatures below about 600° C. In another aspect, the disclosure provides for reactions with intermediate transition metal carbides. In yet another aspect, the disclosure provides for a system of reactions where salt-like carbide anions and intermediate carbide anions are oxidized to produce pure carbon of various allotropes.

Abstract: A method for producing a catalyst ink, by which the surface of a catalyst can be appropriately covered with an ionomer, and the power generation performance of a fuel cell can be excellent in a wide range of humidity environments, and a catalyst composite. The method for producing a catalyst ink may comprise the steps of, for a catalyst composite in which a catalyst is supported on a carbon support with pores, controlling a hydrophilic pores rate of the carbon support to 60% to 80%, and dispersing an ionomer in the catalyst composite after the controlling step, wherein the hydrophilic pores rate is calculated by the following formula (1) using a contact porosimetry method: Hydrophilic pores rate (%)=(hydrophilic pores volume/total pores volume)×100.

Abstract: The present application relates to a multifunctional filter medium and a method of manufacturing the same. The multifunctional filter medium of the present application is capable of significantly reducing fine dust, harmful microorganisms, and toxic gases and reducing a pressure decrease during filtration due to exclusion of high-density nanofiber, thereby minimizing energy required for filtration and exhibiting sufficient filtration performance as a single filter medium.

Abstract: A method of making carbon nanotubes with equal or other ratio of semiconductive to conductive elements in integrated form includes: depositing a catalyst layer on a substrate and heating same in a reaction furnace to a predetermined temperature. A carbon source gas and a protective gas are introduced to grow a plurality of carbon nanotube segments, some carbon nanotube segments being conductive metallic. A positive electric field is applied to the plurality of carbon nanotube segments, wherein the catalyst layer is positively charged and the positive electric field is reversed to the negative, to grow a second carbon nanotube segment structure from the metallic carbon nanotube segments. The direction of the negative electric field is along a second direction and the second carbon nanotube segment structure then comprises a plurality of semiconducting carbon nanotube segments.

Abstract: Si3N4 nanotubes and nanorods wherein the nanotubes and nanorods of silicon nitride are pure ?-Si3N4 formed by carbothermal reduction of SiO2 from reacting agricultural husk material in heat and forming the silicon nitride nanotubes and nanorods.

Abstract: A method for forming diamond nanostructures with large specific area can include forming porous diamond nanostructures by means of selectively etching sp2-bonded carbon and partially removing sp3-bonded carbon in nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) and ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD® diamond). The diamond nanostructures achieved from the disclosed method can include a long shaft surrounded by a school of barbs. The nanostructure can provide a significantly larger surface area than diamond without such a nanostructure and its fabrication provides relative ease of manufacture compared to traditional techniques.

Abstract: A method for preparing high specific surface area activated carbon through rapid activation, comprises the following steps: 1) selecting biomass raw material with a particle size of 0.3-0.9 mm; immersing the biomass raw material in a chemical reagent for 3-6 hours; and drying the biomass raw material in a constant-temperature drying oven of 100° C.-150° C. after immersing is ended; 2) stirring or crushing the dried material to form granular material after drying is completed; and 3) adopting a fluidized bed or a spouted bed as an activation reactor; increasing the temperature of the activation reactor to 700-800° C.; introducing fluidized gas; placing quartz sand; placing the granular material obtained in step 2); activating for 1-10 min; immediately discharging the material after activation is ended; and washing the material with water until the material is neutral to obtain activated carbon with a specific surface area of 1267-1359 m2/g.

Abstract: A process to prepare a carbon molecular sieve adsorbent composition comprises steps beginning with an activated carbon having specific effective micropore size. The activated carbon is impregnated with monomers or partially polymerized polymer, allowed to complete polymerization, and then carbonized such that the impregnant shrinks the micropores to another specific effective micropore size. Finally, the impregnated/polymerized/carbonized product is annealed at a temperature ranging from 1000° C. to 1500° C., which ultimately and predictably shrinks the micropores to a size ranging from 4.0 Angstroms to 4.3 Angstroms. The invention surprisingly enables fine tuning of the effective micropore size, as well as desirable selectivity, capacity and adsorption rates, to obtain highly desirable carbon molecular sieving capability particularly suited for use in, for example, fixed beds in pressure swing or temperature swing processes to enable propylene/propane separations.

Abstract: Described herein are processes and apparatus for the large-scale synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) by induction-coupled plasma (ICP). A boron-containing feedstock may be heated by ICP in the presence of nitrogen gas at an elevated pressure, to form vaporized boron. The vaporized boron may be cooled to form boron droplets, such as nanodroplets. Cooling may take place using a condenser, for example. BNNTs may then form downstream and can be harvested.

Abstract: A method for preparing an improved article including a nickel-based superalloy is presented. The method includes heat-treating a workpiece including a nickel-based superalloy at a temperature above the gamma-prime solvus temperature of the nickel-based superalloy and cooling the heat-treated workpiece with a cooling rate less than 50 degrees Fahrenheit/minute from the temperature above the gamma-prime solvus temperature of the nickel-based superalloy so as to obtain a cooled workpiece. The cooled workpiece includes a coprecipitate of a gamma-prime phase and a gamma-double-prime phase, wherein the gamma-prime phase of the coprecipitate has an average particle size less than 250 nanometers. An article having a minimum dimension greater than 6 inches is also presented. The article includes a material having a coprecipitate of a gamma-prime phase and a gamma-double-prime phase, wherein the gamma-prime phase of the coprecipitate has an average particle size less than 250 nanometers.

Abstract: In a gallium nitride crystal, a nanovoid density in the crystal is less than 1×105 [cm?2]. A crystal growth apparatus is an apparatus for manufacturing a gallium nitride crystal, wherein a member having a B concentration of less than 1 ppm at least at a surface part is used as a member used at a part where a temperature is 500° C. or higher (high-temperature member) among members exposed to a crystal growth space. When such a crystal growth apparatus is used, a gallium nitride crystal wherein a nanovoid density in the crystal is less than 1×105 [cm?2] is obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed here is a method for producing a graphene macro-assembly (GMA)-fullerene composite, comprising providing a GMA comprising a three-dimensional network of graphene sheets crosslinked by covalent carbon bonds, and incorporating at least 20 wt. % of at least one fullerene compound into the GMA based on the initial weight of the GMA to obtain a GMA-fullerene composite. Also described are a GMA-fullerene composite produced, an electrode comprising the GMA-fullerene composite, and a supercapacitor comprising the electrode and optionally an organic or ionic liquid electrolyte in contact with the electrode.