Abstract: A method and apparatus for cleaning printed electrical circuit boards having surface mount components by ultrasonic energy in the frequency range between 300 kHz and 1.0 MHz. The ultrasonic energy is produced by an array of piezoelectric wafers mounted to the inside surface of an immersible transducer assembly which, in turn, is disposed in a tank accomodating a bath of cleaning liquid. The ultrasonic energy provided by the transducer assembly and the circuit board to be cleaned are disposed to cause the ultrasonic wave beam to be incident upon a board to be cleaned at an angle of 90.+-.60 degrees relative to the surface plane of the board. This arrangement will remove solder flux residue and other contaminants from spaces ranging from 0.001 to 0.010 inch present underneath a surface mount component.

Abstract: A diethyltoluene mixture rich in 2,5-diethyltoluene and containing less tha 5% of the 3,5-diethyltoluene can be prepared by methylating 1,4-diethylbenzene with an excess of methanol in the presence of amorphous silica-alumina catalysts. The most desirable catalysts have a silica:alumina ratio from about 2:1 through about 9:1. Methylation is conveniently effected in a temperature range between about 300.degree. C. and about 450.degree. C. and most desirably in a hydrogen atmosphere.

Abstract: Cofeeding butylenes with amylenes in a catalytic oxidative dehydrogenation reaction substantially improves the conversion of the amylenes. The approved amylene conversion is obtained by the oxidative dehydrogenation of mixtures of amylenes and from 10 to 95 mole % butylenes.

Abstract: Basic mixed oxides useful for base catalyzed reactions such as the aldol condensation of acetone and also useful as catalyst supports are made by mixing an acid such as nitric acid or acetic acid with a pseudob oehmite to form a gel, adding magnesium oxide or hydroxide, in a ratio of magnesium to aluminum of about 1:1 to about 10:1, agitating and heating for about 1 to 24 hours, and subsequently drying and calcining. The resulting polymorphic magnesium-aluminum oxide composition is highly effective in the aldol condensation of acetone to isophorone, and other base catalyzed reactions such as isomerization of olefins, aldol condensation of aldehydes.

Abstract: In a supported catalyst for the preparation of monocarboxylic anhydrides by carbonylation of the appropriate esters or ethers, where, in the supported catalyst, an organosilicon compound is bonded, as a polyfunctional coupling agent, on the one hand to a support material and on the other hand to a noble-metal compound from group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements, the coupling agent is a chelate-forming organosilicon compound of the general formula ##STR1## where X=Cl, Br or --OR.sup.2 ;Y=--NR.sub.2.sup.4, a nitrogen-containing aryl radical, --PR.sub.2.sup.4, AsR.sub.2.sup.4, --SR.sup.4 or --SH;Z=zero, arylene or phenylene (optionally ortho-, meta- or para-substituted),R.sup.1 =C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 -alkyl;R.sup.2 =C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 -alkyl or --C.sub.6 H.sub.5 ;R.sup.3 =--H or C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 -alkyl;R.sup.4 =C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.5 or C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl or --C.sub.6 H.sub.5 or --CH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.5, which are optionally substituted by halogen, methoxy, ethoxy or C.sub.1 to C.sub.

Abstract: There is provided a process for converting methane to carbon disulfide. More particularly, methane is decomposed to form elemental carbon and elemental hydrogen, and the elemental carbon is reacted with sulfur to form carbon disulfide. Carbon disulfide may then be contacted with hydrogen, optionally in the presence of more methane, under conditions sufficient to produce CH.sub.3 SH. This CH.sub.3 SH may then be contacted with a sufficient catalyst, such as a zeolite, especially ZSM-5, under conditions sufficient to produce hydrocarbon having two or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: Aliphatic C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 hydrocarbon(s) are converted to olefin(s) and/or aromatic(s) in the presence of an essentially non-acidic Group VIII metal species-containing zeolite MCM-22 catalyst.

Abstract: 1-Olefin polymer waxes having a very narrow molecular weight distribution, high isotacticity, a narrow grain size distribution and a high bulk density are obtained by means of a catalyst comprising a chiral, stereorigid metallocene compound and an aluminoxane, in the presence of small amounts of hydrogen during the polymerization.

Abstract: Reticulocytes, RNA or DNA are stained with a dye for detection in a flow cytometer. The dye has the formula: ##STR1## Wherein X=O, S, se or C(CH.sub.3).sub.2 ;R.sub.1 =alkyl having from 1-6 carbons;R.sub.2 =alkyl having from 1-6 carbons;R.sub.3 =fused benzene, alkyl (having 1-6 carbons), methoxy or is absent;R.sub.4 =alkyl having 1-6 carbons, methoxy or is absent; andn=zero or an integer from 1-6.

Abstract: A process for continuously converting starch to paste by heating an aqueous starch slurry with an enzyme to an elevated temperature and holding the mixture at an elevated temperature for a time to gelatinize the starch granules and produce a starch paste of desired viscosity. Then, the starch-enzyme stream is further heated and held at an elevated temperature and for a time sufficient to inactivate the enzyme and after which a starch paste having a desired and substantially stable viscosity is recovered.Preferred apparatus of the invention includes a single, compact, continuous processing unit which minimizes the required equipment and includes a starch conversion conduit adapted for conveying an admixed stream of an aqueous starch slurry and a liquid stream containing an enzyme. Inlet lines for introducing an aqueous starch slurry and a liquid stream containing an enzyme capable of depolymerizing starch into said starch conversion conduit are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a polyalkyl perylene which consists in subjecting the corresponding polyalkyl 1,1'-dinaphthalene derivative to a cyclodehydrogenation reaction, by means of an alkali metal. It also relates to the polyalkyl perylene obtained, and to the organic material derived therefrom exhibiting an electron spin resonance spectrum.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the dehydrogenation of saturated hydrocarbons having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms. The feed is contacted with a catalyst which includes a base metal or noble metal which is incorporated into or onto a pillared layered silicate. A preferred pillared layered silicate is kenyaite containing interspathic silica, and a preferred base metal or noble metal is chromium.

Abstract: A class of new oxide structures containing octahedral molybdenum and tetrahedral phosphorous has been generated using hydothermal techniques. These materials are produced by the reaction of a molybdenum oxide source with phosphate and any one, or combination of organic cation/alkali-metal cation/organic amine as a templating/mineralizing agent. A reducing agent is necessary to convert the Mo(VI) to a lower valent form and can be either added to the reaction mixture or is provided in the form of one the reactants.

Abstract: A method for improving the properties of particles of a starch hydrolyzate product made by the partial hydrolysis of cereal and root based starches. Particles of starting material are blended with a volatile liquid other than water, and the resulting blend is compacted in a roller compactor without extraneous lubricant, to form a sheet. The sheet is broken into small particles which are sieved and dried. The resulting particles are non-spherical, appear crystalline under a light microscope and have a surface topography comprising cracks, crevices and fissures. These particles have good solubility, a bulk density comparable to the starting material, and no flow or dusting problems.

Abstract: Substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexylamine and substituted or substituted dicyclohexylamine can be produced by catalytic hydrogenation of substituted or unsubstituted aniline, for which a catalyst is used containing ruthenium and palladium which are attached to a support and which catalyst furthermore contains a basic alkali metal compound. The catalyst contains the noble metals in a total amount of 0.05 to 5% by weight and in a weight ratio of ruthenium to palladium such as 1:9-9:1. The basic alkali metal compound is present in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight. All percentages are based on the total weight of the catalyst.

Abstract: Catalyst supports, catalyst systems, methods for the preparation thereof, and dimerization process therewith are provided. Catalyst systems comprise at least one elemental alkali metal and at least one paraffinic material deposited on an alkali metal carbonate catalyst support. Optionally, the catalyst system further comprises at least one promoter and at least one carbonaceous compound.

Abstract: Green sand having a residuum of retained clay is reconditioned by screening and predrying it to about zero moisture; calcining the sand to burn off organic matter; cooling the sand; mechanically scrubbing the cooled sand to free mechanically bonded clay and a portion of the clay magnetically adhered to the sand; mixing an acid/water solution with the sand to react with the remaining magnetically adhered clay to permit such clay to break free from the sand; drying the sand to release the freed clay; and extracting the thus-released clay from the sand.

Abstract: A novel process for the preparation of 20-keto-pregnanes.

Abstract: An improved liquid hydrocarbon feed method is disclosed wherein substantially all of the liquid is converted to mist sized particles over a wide angled dispersion pattern without a concurrent shroud of steam or water. Such dispersion promotes vapor phase catalytic reaction between hydrocarbon vapors and fluidized catalyst in a reaction time of 1 to 3 seconds. The misting nozzle is characterized by a swirl chamber to which the full hydrocarbon feed, with or without steam included in the feed, is supplied for centrifugal rotation by vane members to form a free vortex. The flow is then released through a reduced area square-edge orifice having a short throat to form and maintain a characteristic "vena contrata" from such an orifice during flow into the catalyst stream in the riser reactor for dispersion over a wide angled conical dispersion pattern. Such flow from the orifice allows the nozzle to be recessed out of the flowing catalyst stream.

Abstract: Long-acting androgenic compositions comprising C.sub.4 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl carboxylic acids of testosterone and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier medium. The ester can be dissolved in an acceptable oily medium or suspended in an aqueous medium in the form of micronised particles or in the form of milled particles.