Abstract: Gellant for oil well fraturing or friction reducer in pipelines in liquid form comprising (A) an ionic association polymer which is the reaction product of (1) sodium aluminate and (2) an alkyl phosphate ester combined with (B) a polar solvent.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a process for the transportation of heavy oil whereby an oil-in-water emulsion containing an emulsifier, with at least 10-15% of water is transported and subsequently separated again into crude oil and water. The emulsifier employed is a carboxymethylated oxalkylate of the formulaR--(OCH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2).sub.n --oCH.sub.2 COOMand ether sulfate of the formulaR'--(OCH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2).sub.m --SO.sub.3 M'in which R and also R' mean a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched aliphatic radical with 8 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl aromatic radical with 4 to 16 carbon atoms, an alkyl aromatic radical with 4 to 16 carbon atoms or a di- or tri-alkyl aromatic radical with a total of 5 to 20 and 7 to 24 carbon atoms respectively in the alkyl groups, m means 1 to 40, n means 1 to 40 and M and M' mean an alkali or alkaline-earth metal ion or ammonium.

Abstract: A drilling mud comprises water, a gelling agent, a defoamer and at least 6% by volume of a glycerine selected from the group consisting of glycerine, polyglycerine and mixtures thereof. The drilling mud is normally prepared by adding to a pre-existing water based mud having therein the gelling agent, caustic soda, lignite and lignosulfonate. A completion fluid comprises water, a defoamer and at least 6% by volume of a glycerine selected from the group consisting of glycerine, polyglycerine and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Various organometallic crosslinkers containing titanium or zirconium atoms in the +4 oxidation (valence) state have been used to crosslink solvatable polysaccharides (e.g., hydroxypropyl guar) in aqueous media. The crosslinked gels are useful as fracturing fluids. Aqueous solutions of the organometallic crosslinkers are stabilized against deterioration upon storage by adding an alkanolamine (e.g., triethanolamine). Additionally, the alkanolamines also stabilize the crosslinked gels against shear degradation at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and composition for viscosifying hydrocarbon liquids utilizing a viscosifying agent. The viscosifying agent comprises: (i) a copolymer of N,N-dimethylacrylamide and dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, (ii) a monocarboxylic acid and (iii) a selected amine having an ethanolamine structure admixed in a hydrocarbon liquid. The viscosifying agent constituents are admixed with the liquid hydrocarbon in an amount sufficient to effect viscosification of the hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A composition, including a mixture of high-yield bentonite and low-yield bentonite, in a ratio of high-yield bentonite to low-yield bentonite in the range of about 10:1 to about 1:1, and preferably in the range of 5:1 to 3:1, together with a water-in-soluble form of leonardite, that is particularly useful in a water-based drilling mud and exhibits unexpected stability and rheological functionality at the high temperatures and high pressures encountered in deep wells.

Abstract: A thimble guide extender for use in a nuclear power plant shields the thimble from turbulence and absorbs vibration from it to reduce wear. The extender includes an extension element which is secured to the thimble guide, a spring bushing which is attached to the extension element and which contacts the thimble, and a cap. In one embodiment the cap clamps the spring bushing, and in other embodiments it simply shields the bushing from turbulence. In one embodiment the spring bushing is an element having a cylindrical portion on one side and dimpled spring legs on the other, in another embodiment the spring bushing is an element having bent spring legs on either side, and in another embodiment the spring bushing is provided by dimpled spring legs that are integral with the extension element. The extension element is provided with locking fingers which secure the extension element to the thimble guide.

Abstract: Drilling fluid compositions of the invert oil-based type incorporate (i) as the agent for emulsifying the brine phase in the oil phase, a block or graft copolymer of the general formula (A-COO).sub.m B, where A and B represent polymeric components derived from a specified type of oil-soluble complex monocarboxylic acid and from a water-soluble polyalkylene glycol or polyether polyol, respectively, and m is an integer at least 2, and (ii) as the agent for dispersing solid particulate matter in the oil phase a surfactant containing a C.sub.30-500 hydrocarbon chain as hydrophobic component, and a polar component adsorbable on to the particulate solid surface.

Abstract: A composition comprising; (A) a basic amino acid salt of a higher aliphatic phosphate represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and (B) an .alpha.-monoalkyl glyceryl ether represented by the following formula (II): ##STR2## in which R.sub.2 is an alkyl group having from 12 to 24 carbon atoms. The composition provides an O/W type emulsion suitable for use as cosmetics which has a small viscosity decrease at a high temperature and a small viscosity increase at a low temperature, is stable during storage over a long period of time, provides good feelings and a moisture retaining effect on use to the skin, and yet has an excellent safety.

Abstract: A self-breaking, foamed, oil-in-water emulsion contains a water-immiscible organic solvent for paraffins and asphaltenes, an aqueous nonformation-damaging component, an inert gas, and surface active agents selected to promote a stable foamed emulsion despite contact of the treating fluid with the hydrocarbon and aqueous environment in the reservoir. Under conditions of agitation, the treating fluid is a stable foamed emulsion which undergoes spontaneous breakdown into two liquid phases under quiescent conditions. The treating fluid is injected and/or circulated as a stable foamed emulsion to dissolve paraffin and asphaltene-containing deposits from various substrata, such as a subterranean reservoir penetrated by a well, the well itself, or an industrial vessel or conduit. When injection or circulation is stopped, the foamed emulsion spontaneously breaks down so that the treating fluid can be readily pumped from the well.

Abstract: A stable aqueous slurry of particles which comprises:______________________________________ Ingredient % by weight ______________________________________ water 40-60 oil-in-water emulsion 10-30 acrylic acid polymer having a .1-1 MW greater than 1,000,000 suspended particles 2-50 ______________________________________ .

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the transport of heavy oil wherein an emulsifier-containing oil-in-water emulsion with at least 10-15% of water is transported and subsequently separated again into crude oil and water. The emulsifier employed is a carboxymethylated oxalkylate of the formulaR--(O--C.sub.3 H.sub.6).sub.m (OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n OCH.sub.2 COOMwhereinR is saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched aliphatic residue of 6-20 carbon atoms, an alkylaromatic residue to 4-16 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, a dialkylaromatic residue of, in total, 5-20 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups, or a trialkylaromatic residue of, in total, 7-24 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups,m is 1 to 30,n is 1 to 40, andM is an alkali or alkaline earth metal ion or ammonium.

Abstract: Fracture acidizing fluids are provided containing an encapsulated breaker which releases breaker at a regulated rate over time.

Abstract: A high calcium containing drilling fluid having a 0.1-10 pounds per barrel of a deflocculant which is a water-soluble acrylic polymer which contains from 5-50 mole percent of one or more of the following:Sulfoethyl acrylamide; orAcrylamide and Sulfoethyl acrylamide; orEthyl acrylate and Sulfoethyl acrylamide; orAcrylamide and Sulfophenyl acrylamide; orAcrylamide and Sulfomethyl acrylamide.

Abstract: A method of reducing a viscosity of asphaltenic crude oils by incorporating into said crude oil an effective viscosity reducing amount of an oil soluble organic compound having at least one oleophobic and hydrophobic fluoroaliphatic group, and optionally a low viscosity diluent, and compositions thereof.

Abstract: There is provided herein a process and composition for the enhanced recovery of oil from subterranean formations comprising injecting in combination with steam a composition comprising (a) an anionic surfactant (b) a hydrotrope, and (c) an alkali metal silicate.In a further embodiment, the anionic surfactant and alkali metal silicate alone may be used in a steam recovery process as an effective oil recovery method.

Abstract: High permeability zones in a subterranean formation are reduced in permeability by the time-delayed gelation of water soluble polymers in such formation with alkoxy amine esters of boric acid which slowly hydrolyze. Boric acid resulting from the hydrolysis converts to the borate ion which crosslinks the polymers to form gels.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting the deposition of paraffin wax, asphaltene, or mixtures thereof in a crude oil contaminated with paraffin wax, asphaltene, or mixtures thereof and susceptible to such depositions comprising the step of incorporating into said crude oil an effective deposition inhibiting amount of an oil soluble organic compound having at least one oleophobic and hydrophobic fluoroaliphatic group, and antideposition stabilized crude oil compositions containing said compound, are disclosed.

Abstract: A chemical solution for effecting the rapid destruction of microfilm products comprising a mixture of 4-butyrolactone, methyl Cellosolve acetate and aqueous sodium hypochlorite.

Abstract: The formation of thin-film resistors by the ion implantation of a metallic conductive layer in the surface of a layer of phosphosilicate glass or borophosphosilicate glass which is deposited on a silicon substrate. The metallic conductive layer materials comprise one of the group consisting of tantalum, ruthenium, rhodium, platinum and chromium silicide. The resistor is formed and annealed prior to deposition of metal, e.g. aluminum, on the substrate.