Abstract: A radiation detector includes a scintillator that has a first surface on which radiation is incident and a second surface disposed on a side opposite to the first surface, and that converts the radiation into fluorescence; a sensor unit provided on a side of the second surface of the scintillator and having a light receiving surface that receives the fluorescence converted by the scintillator; and a plurality of members that reflect or absorb the fluorescence converted by the scintillator. Each of the plurality of members has an elongated shape having a longitudinal direction in a direction intersecting the light receiving surface of the sensor unit, and is provided in the scintillator at a position closer to the second surface than to the first surface.

Abstract: A directly-converting X-ray detector includes: a directly-converting sensor material, which is to be maintained at a working temperature, and configured to have a DC voltage applied thereto; a conditioning unit configured to cause a base current to flow through the sensor material; a heating unit for the sensor material, the heating unit configured to be regulated by a regulating unit to maintain the working temperature; and a control device having a plurality of electronics units, which include the regulating unit. When a new configuration and/or a reconfiguration process takes place, the control device is configured to maintain the operation of the conditioning unit, and to interrupt the operation of the heating unit and/or maintain the operation of the heating unit with the control value most recently ascertained in ordinary operation of the regulating unit.

Abstract: An automatic photocurrent spectrum measurement system based on a Fourier infrared spectrometer, including a light source component, an environment control component, a measuring module, and a control module. The system is configured to evaluate photoelectric performance semiconductor materials or devices under different temperatures, voltage biases or current biases.

Abstract: A subject information acquisition unit calculates a bone mineral density in the bone region and a muscle mass in the soft region for each pixel on the basis of a radiographic image. A statistical value calculation unit calculates a statistical value related to the subject on the basis of the bone mineral density and the muscle mass. An evaluation value calculation unit calculates the fracture risk evaluation value for evaluating the fracture risk of the subject on the basis of the statistical value.

Abstract: A method of forming a radiation detector includes forming a stack including a plurality of arrays of radiation detection devices. Forming an array of the plurality of arrays includes forming a polysilicon layer over an interlayer dielectric layer of another array of the plurality of arrays; forming charge storage layers over the polysilicon layer; forming a second polysilicon layer over the charge storage layers; etching the second polysilicon layer to form gate stacks; and depositing an interlayer dielectric disposed on at least three sides of the gate stacks, the interlayer dielectric including a radiation reactive material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus, comprising: a platform configured to support a human body on a first surface of the platform; a first set of radiation detectors arranged in a first layer, wherein the radiation detectors of the first set are attached to a second surface of the platform opposite the first surface; wherein the radiation detectors of the first set are configured to detect radiation from a radiation source inside the human body.

Abstract: Disclosed here are monocrystalline silicon carbide grids and radiation detections systems comprising such grids. Specifically, a grid comprises a support frame and a grid portion. The support frame is used for installing and supporting the grid in a detection system. The grid portion comprises a plurality of ribs, which defines a plurality of grid openings. The grid portion is used to support various components (e.g., a membrane) while allowing radiation transmission through the grid. For example, the grid portion can support the pressure up to 2 bars. The open area fraction of the grid portion can be at least 50%, or even at least 90%. The grid portion is integrated with the support frame forming monocrystal silicon carbide (e.g., 4H—SiC polymorph). In some examples, the primary surface of the grid is oriented within 8° of the crystallographic c-axis planes of the monocrystal.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to a photon counting detector and to a read-out integrated circuit to be used in such detector. Aspects of the present disclosure particularly relate to X-ray applications. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the detector comprises an electrical ground plane arranged at or near an interface between the carrier and at least one ROIC die. Each ROIC die comprises an extension region that laterally extends beyond the photon conversion assembly, wherein peripheral circuitry for a given ROIC die is arranged in the extension region of that ROIC die. The detector comprises at least one electrical connection that connects the power supply line that is arranged on the carrier to the peripheral circuitry of the at least one ROIC die.

Abstract: An X-ray system includes an X-ray generation unit configured to generate X-rays; an X-ray detection unit including at least one X-ray sensor that includes an indirect bandgap, perovskite semiconductor material, the X-ray sensor being configured to record the X-rays; and a control unit that controls a generation of the X-rays and a detection of the X-rays at the X-ray detection unit.

Abstract: An optical sensor assembly is provided. The optical sensor assembly includes a circuit board, an optical sensor positioned on the circuit board, and a front cover attached to the circuit board and covering the optical sensor. The front cover includes an optical element configured to guide or condense an incident light of a predetermined wavelength onto the optical sensor. The front cover is made of polypropylene or polyethylene. The predetermined wavelength is in a range from 8 micrometers to 12 micrometers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a device, and a program for calculating a brachytherapy plan, and a brachytherapy apparatus. The method comprises: a step in which a computer obtains the number of radiation irradiation spots on the basis of radiation irradiation information (a radiation irradiation spot number obtaining step (S200)); a step in which the computer obtains target area information from a body model of a patient generated on the basis of medical image data of the patient (a target area information obtaining step (S400)); and a therapy plan calculating step (S600) in which the computer calculates, on the basis of the radiation irradiation information and the target area information, the radiation irradiation spots to which radiation is irradiated and the time length of irradiation to each radiation irradiation spot.

Abstract: A lower electrode of a PIN diode and a second protective layer covering the PIN diode are formed not using separate mask processes, but using the same mask process using the same mask, thereby reducing the number of mask processes and thus increasing process efficiency. Further, the lower electrode of the PIN diode is patterned and then the second protective film covering the PIN diode is patterned such that both the former patterning and the latter patterning are carried out using a single mask process, thereby reduce increase in defects due to foreign materials or stains.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are apparatuses for detecting radiation and methods of making them. The method comprises forming a recess into a semiconductor substrate, wherein a portion of the semiconductor substrate extends into the recess and is surrounded by the recess; depositing semiconductor nanocrystals into the recess, the semiconductor nanocrystals having a different composition from the semiconductor substrate; forming a first doped semiconductor region in the semiconductor substrate; forming a second doped semiconductor region in the semiconductor substrate; wherein the first doped semiconductor region and the second doped semiconductor region form a p-n junction that separates the portion from the rest of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A system for generating a dose distribution is provided. The system may obtain a first dose distribution in at least a portion of a subject. The system may also obtain a trained machine learning model. The system may further generate, based on the first dose distribution and the trained machine learning model, a second dose distribution in the at least a portion of the subject, wherein the second dose distribution has a higher accuracy than that of the first dose distribution.

Abstract: A radiation particle strike detection system is disclosed. The radiation particle strike detection system includes a radiation particle detector and a controller coupled to the radiation particle detector. The radiation particle detector is overlayed on at least one surface of a payload that is sensitive to interaction with radiation particles. The radiation particle detector is configured to undergo a change in state responsive to a radiation particle strike at a location on the radiation particle detector. The controller is configured to 1) monitor a state of the radiation particle detector; 2) detect a radiation particle strike on the radiation particle detector based on a change in state of the radiation particle detector; and 3) determine a location and time of the radiation particle strike on the radiation particle detector based on the change in state of the particle detector.

Abstract: Disclosed preamplifier circuit comprises amplifier arranged in first current path between input node and output node of the preamplifier circuit. Feedback capacitor is arranged in second current path between said input and output nodes. Feedback circuit having adjustable transfer function is arranged in third current path between said input and output nodes. Reset switch arranged in said third current path enables selectively coupling output of the feedback circuit to input of the amplifier and decoupling output of the feedback circuit from input of the amplifier. Loop controller is arranged selectively, in dependence of voltage in the preamplifier circuit, one of open reset switch to set preamplifier circuit in normal operating mode and close reset switch to set preamplifier circuit in reset mode. Loop controller is arranged to adjust the transfer function of the feedback circuit at least in part in dependence of the current operating mode of the preamplifier circuit.

Abstract: An imaging system comprising: a first lighting device that emits terahertz waves at a first quantity of light emission in a first operation mode, and emits terahertz waves at a second quantity of light emission, which is larger than the first quantity of light emission, in a second operation mode; a first detection device that detects reflected terahertz waves by a target and a control device that switches from the first operation mode to the second operation mode in a case where the first detection device detects the target in the first operation mode.

Abstract: There is provided a system for measuring a physiological parameter of a person indicative of physiological pathology, comprising: a plurality of remote non-contact sensors, each of a different type of sensing modality, at least one hardware processor executing a code for: simultaneously receiving over a time interval, from each of the plurality of remote non-contact sensors monitoring a person, a respective dataset, extracting, from each respective dataset, a respective sub-physiological parameter of a plurality of sub-physiological parameters, analyzing a combination of the plurality of sub-physiological parameters, and computing a physiological parameter indicative of physiological pathology according to the analysis, wherein an accuracy of the physiological parameter computed from the combination is higher than an accuracy of the physiological parameter independently computed using any one of the plurality of sub-physiological parameters.

Abstract: Provided are a scintillator screen manufacturing method, a scintillator screen and an image detector. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: making a crystal column scintillator layer (4) on the predetermined surface of a flexible substrate (1); making a moisture-proof layer on the periphery of the flexible substrate (1) on which the crystal column scintillator layer (4) is formed; making an X-ray absorption layer on the other surface of the moisture-proof layer except the surface for receiving X-rays; and making a protective layer (5) on the outer surface of the X-ray absorbing layer and on the surface of the moisture-proof layer for receiving X-rays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the quantification of radionuclides in liquid media comprising measuring a gamma-ray spectrum, a device for the quantification of radionuclides in liquid media and the use for the quantification of radionuclide concentrations in hydrometallurgical processing media, especially the quantification of uranium and/or radioactive uranium decay product concentrations in uranium mining solutions or in uranium recovery solutions or the quantification of thorium and/or radioactive 232Th decay products in rare-earth element processing solutions.