Abstract: A polycrystalline diamond body infiltrated by a silicon atom-containing metal (e.g., silicon alloy) is bonded to a substrate comprising cemented carbide with a barrier of refractory material extending between the diamonds cemented together with silicon atom-containing binder and the substrate substantially precluding migration of the cementing medium (e.g., cobalt) from the carbide substrate into contact with the silicon atom-containing bonding medium in the diamond body. The process comprises subjecting a mass of diamond powder, a quantity of silicon atom-containing metal binder material, a cemented carbide body and a barrier made of material selected from the group consisting of tantalum, vanadium, molybdenum, zirconium, tungsten and alloys thereof to the simultaneous application of elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: Aluminum alloy atomized powder containing 4 to 12% iron and 1 to 7% cerium or other rare earth metal, when properly compacted and shaped into a useful article, exhibits very high strength at relatively high temperatures. The iron content exceeds the cerium or rare earth metal content, and the powder may contain refractory elements such as W, Mo and others. The powder is produced by atomizing alloyed molten aluminum, preferably in a nonoxidizing atmosphere, and is compacted to a density approaching 100% under controlled conditions including controlled temperature conditions. The alloy may be subsequently shaped by conventional forging, extruding or rolling processes.

Abstract: A copper foil for a printed circuit comprising a copper layer having the bonding surface coated with a tin layer and having said tin layer coated with a vanadium-containing zinc layer which optionally may be given a chromic acid treatment. The invention also provides a method for producing said copper foil.

Abstract: A method of making a coated tip for cutting purposes having a lower degree of flank and crater wear and reduced chipping. A WC-based ultrahard alloy containing WC, at least one nitride selected from among TiN, TaN and NbN and a bonding metal is heat treated at a temperature of 800.degree. C. to 1,300.degree. C. in a nitrogen atmosphere for a sufficiently long period of time to cause nitride in a layer in the vicinity of the surface of the alloy to move to the surface to form a layer of nitride thereon as well as an alloy layer of WC and the bonding metal in which the nitride has been reduced. The surface of the tip is then coated with a layer of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: Disclosed are very fine wires, of the order of 3-6.times.10.sup.-6 m diameter, having cross sections which are uniform within .+-.3%. A common drawn tungsten wire is electrolytically etched to a fine diameter, of the order of 2-4.times.10.sup.-6 m. The variations in cross sectional area along the etched wire are eliminated by selectively vapor depositing tungsten on the surface while using resistance heating. The very fine uniform wires enhance the performance of devices such as fluidic angular rate motion sensors.

Abstract: A hot pressed intermetallic composite comprises titanium diboride and boron nitride and an effective amount of tungsten to reduce erosion of the composite and reduce the rate at which the electrical resistivity of the composite changes during its use.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing billets intended to be subsequently machined into a desired shape by plastic deformation, as by rolling, includes the heating to a predetermined bonding temperature of powder grains enclosed in a capsule, and subjecting the capsule at the bonding temperature to a high pressure sufficient to bond the powder grains together to form a substantially solid body. The capsule is inserted at the bonding temperature into an over-sized forming cavity of a press which includes relatively movable punches, the capsule being completely surrounded within the press by a layer of heat-insulating and pressure-transmitting solid material, such as talc or the like. Thus, when the capsule is subjected to the high pressure upon operation of the press, such material serves as a pressure-transmitting medium through which pressure is applied completely against all sides of the capsule.

Abstract: An abrasion resistant sintered alloy for use in internal combustion engines which comprises 0.5 to 4.0% by weight of carbon, 5.0 to 30.0% by weight of Cr, 1.5 to 16.0% by weight of Nb, 0.1 to 4.0% by weight of Mo, 0.1 to 10.0% by weight of Ni and 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of P, which permits liquid-phase sintering at temperatures not higher than 1,250.degree. C., and have 0.2 to 10% by volume of sintering pores at least 40% of which consist of pores having a pore size of not larger than 150 .mu.m, is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for treating articles with heat and pressure is disclosed. The articles are placed in an isostatic press, the press is evacuated of air and thereafter filled with an inert gas, the pressure and temperature of which is raised to predetermined levels. These predetermined levels are maintained for a period of time sufficient to effect the treatment, and thereafter the inert gas is circulated to promote cooling of the gas and reduce the cooling time of the press and the article treated.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process for the preparation of titanium dioxide from an ore comprising titanium oxides which comprises the steps of fluorinating said ore to convert the titanium oxides to titanium fluorides; and, contacting said titanium fluorides with an alkaline material at conditions whereby said titanium fluorides are converted to titanium dioxide. The ore may be an ilmenite ore and the fluorination may be carried out by contacting said ilmenite ore with a fluosilicate salt as sodium fluosilicate.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for manufacturing cutting elements of powdered tungsten carbide which involves sintering the powder into a solid element and then thermo-cycling the part to reduce internal defects.

Abstract: A process for recovering uranium and/or thorium from a liquid containing uranium and/or thorium is disclosed, which comprises capturing the uranium and/or thorium in the liquid by an amorphous silica precipitate formed by adding water glass to the liquid, making the captured uranium and/or thorium eluted from the precipitate by acid-treatment, recovering the eluted uranium and/or thorium as an acidic solution, and regenerating the precipitate to water glass by use of an alkali metal hydroxide solution. Thus, the uranium and/or thorium can be recovered in high yield and the amorphous silica precipitate, that is, a formed radioactive solid waste can be remarkably reduced.

Abstract: An abrasion resistant ferro-based sintered alloy comprising 0.8 to 1.5% by weight of carbon, 0.5 to 2.5% by weight of chromium, 2.0 to 6.0% by weight of molybdenum, 1.5 to 5.0% by weight of nickel, 0.1 to 2.0% by weight of tungsten, 0.2 to 5.0% by weight of copper and the balance iron wherein said alloy contains molybdenum particles around which nickel is distributed and which are uniformly dispersed in the base structure comprising a mixture of pearlite, bainite and martensite and said alloy contains composite carbide of Fe-Cr-W-C dispersed in the base structure, is disclosed.

Abstract: An abrasion resistant sintered alloy for use in internal combustion engines which comprises 0.5 to 4.0% by weight of C, 5.0 to 3.0% by weight of Cr, less than 10.0% by weight of at least one of Ni, Mo, Co and Cu, 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of at least one of P, B and Si which permits liquid-phase sintering at temperatures not higher than 1,250.degree. C. and the balance iron, and have hardness after sintering of Hv 500 to 1,200, 7 to 45% by area ratio of cementite or eutectic crystal of cementite and P and 0.2 to 10% by volume of sintering pores at least 40% of which consist of pores having a pore size of not larger than 150 .mu.m.

Abstract: An abrasion resistered sintered alloy for use in internal combustion engines which comprises 0.5 to 4.0% by weight of carbon, 1.5 to 16.0% by weight of Nb, 0.1 to 4.0% by weight of Mo, 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of Ni and 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of P which permits liquid-phase sintering at temperatures not higher than 1,250.degree. C., and have 0.2 to 10% by volume of sintering pores at least 40% of which consist of pores having a pore size of not larger than 150 .mu.m is disclosed.

Abstract: A multi-layered wear resistant article and a method for forming the same is disclosed which is adapted for use with cutting tools. More particularly, the article includes a substrate formed from a cemented sintered metal carbide material such as a tungsten carbide and cobalt composition. A bonding layer formed of elemental boron is provided to increase the adhesion between the substrate and an outer coating of a wear resistant material such as titanium boride. A thin intermediate layer of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, titanium carbonitride, hafnium carbide, hafnium nitride, hafnium carbonitride, zirconium carbide, zirconium nitride, zirconium carbonitride, or a mixture of any of the foregoing may be interposed between the boron adhesive layer and the substrate to prevent diffusion of boron from the bonding layer into the substrate.

Abstract: An improved sintered compact for use in a cutting tool is proposed which comprises 80 to 95 volume % of high pressure form boron nitride, a binder material which is a carbide, a nitride and/or a carbonitride of a IVb and Vb transition metal in the periodic table, and aluminum compounds. It may further include copper and/or iron group metal or metals. The sintered compact obtained has high hardness even though the sintering pressure and temperature are relatively low.

Abstract: This invention relates to a retort type apparatus for ion-nitriding treatment which is so designed as to effect heating and nitriding of a workpiece at high thermal efficiency, with excellent uniformity and in a short time, by using both glow discharge and heat produced by a heating element.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved tool bit having 7 to 36 mole percent cubic boron nitride together with a metal carbide in a matrix containing a transition metal and a reactive metal sintering aid. A preferred tool bit consists by atomic percent of 52-79 tungsten carbide, 7-36 cubic boron nitride, 9-14 cobalt, and 0.2-2.5 zirconium. The new bits provide up to four times more life than tungsten carbide cobalt bits in machining nickel superalloys and are less costly than wholly cubic boron nitride bits.Tool bits containing tungsten carbide and cubic boron nitride particulates are fabricable at relatively moderate hot pressing pressures and temperatures (7-28 MPa, 1350.degree.-1500.degree. C.) if included therein is a sintering aid selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, aluminum or mixtures thereof. The aforementioned reactive metal aids are preferably added as hydrides.

Abstract: There is described a material for electrical contacts based on silver having 5 to 20 weight % tin oxide and 0.5 to 5 weight % tungsten oxide which has the welding strength reduced further without producing an increased switching temperature. The material contains additionally 0.1 to 5 weight % of bismuth oxide.