Abstract: The disclosure is of particular substituted ammonium humates useful as fluid loss control agents in oil-based drilling fluids. The humate bears a unique compositional make-up.

Abstract: The invention is a process for preparing round, fluid filled microcapsules by the simultaneous extrusion, of core and shell material from coaxially aligned and concentric extrusion nozzles into a surrounding carrier fluid moving in the direction of the extrusion wherein a surfactant having affinity with the carrier fluid is added to the carrier fluid.When the carrier fluid is an oil based carrier, a lipophilic emulsifier such as a sorbitan monoester of a fatty acid can be used.

Abstract: Antioxidant compositions are provided by compounds having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein X is an alkylene radical containing from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and Y is a residue of L-ascorbic acid having the formula: ##STR2## or a residue of D-isoascorbic acid having the formula: ##STR3## and the corresponding salts thereof in an aqueous medium wherein sufficient water is present for inducing a lamellar liquid crystalline phase.

Abstract: A precipitation control additive composition, an acidizing composition for treating a sour well and a method of treating a sour well are provided. An iron sequestering agent, such as aminopolycarboxylic acids, hydroxycarboxylic acids, cyclic polyethers, and derivatives thereof and a sulfide modifier, such as aldehyde, acetal, hemiacetal, and many other compounds capable of forming aldehydes in solution are added to a treating solution. The iron sequestering agent cobines with iron present in the solution while the sulfide modifier combines with sulfides present in the solution. By combining with both iron and sulfides present in the solution, the combination of an iron sequestering agent and a sulfide modifier effectively inhibits precipitation of ferric hydroxide, ferrous sulfide and free sulfur from the solution. As a result, formation and other serious damage is prevented.

Abstract: An emulsion where water is a continuous phase and having a discontinuous oil phase comprising:(a) silicone hydrides containing units of the formula:R.sub.a H.sub.b SiO.sub.(4-a-b)/2where a may be 0, 1, or 2; b may be 1 or 2; a+b may be 1, 2, or 3; R is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and(b) hydroxy substituted silicone containing units of the formula:R.sub.c (OH).sub.d SiO.sub.(4-c-d)/2wherein c is 1, 2, or 3; d is 1 or 2; c+d may be 2, 3, or 4; and R is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical of from 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for the removal of scale from the interior of producing oil and gas wells is disclosed. The method comprises introducing a mixture of an aqueous mineral acid, a mutual solvent, and an alkyl or aralkyl polyoxyalkylene phosphate ester to the interior of the well. The phosphate ester maintains the acid and mutual solvent in a micellar emulsion state. The mixture is retained in the well to allow the acid to solubilize the mineral deposits and then the mixture and solubilized mineral deposits are removed from the well interior.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound represented by formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a straight chain alkyl group having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 represents a straight chain alkyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group having from 3 to 6 atoms and having a methyl group as a side chain; and m and n each represents 1 or 2, is disclosed.The liquid crystal compound of formula (I) is optically and electrically stable and exhibits fast electro-optical switching in image display.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing colloidal dispersions of alcohol-dispersible association complexes of ceric dioxide and a hydroxyphenyl carboxylic acid having from about seven to about twenty carbon atoms in a molar ratio CeO.sub.2 /acid of at least about 6:1 which comprises:(1) mixing(a) ceric dioxide comprising ammonium nitrate or ammonium and nitrate ions in an amount within the range from about 3 to about 14% by weight of the ceric dioxide and a member selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, acetic acid and mixtures thereof in an amount usually from about 10 to about 60 g per mole of CeO.sub.2, sufficient to effect reaction with(b) a hydroxyphenyl carboxylic acid having from about seven to about twenty carbon atoms(c) an aliphatic alcohol, such as methanol, isopropanol, 2-ethoxy ethanol, etc.at a temperature within the range from room temperature to about 100.degree. C., thereby effecting dispersion of the ceric dioxide in the aliphatic alcohol.

Abstract: Oxygen scavengers, especially for vinyl polymerizations, comprising an aldehyde or imine of the formulaR.sub.3 Q.sub.nwherein n is 1-4; R.sub.3 is an organic radical having a valence of 1-4 or hydrogen; Q is of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is 0 or NR.sub.4 ; R.sub.2, R.sub.2, and R.sub.4 are independently selected C.sub.1-6 alkyl or aryl radicals or mixtures thereof are disclosed.A preferred composition is a mixture of aldehydes which are the reaction product of (a) ethylene urea, (b) formaldehyde, (c) isobutyraldehyde, and (d) 2-ethylhexanal in a molar ratio of (a):(b) of 1:2 and of (a) to the sum of (c) and (d) of 1:2.

Abstract: Water-soluble N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-glycine/metal chelates represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is H or alkyl (1-12C); M is Ti or Zr; k is a number in the range between 0 and 1, p is a number in the range between 1 and 2, and k+p=2 (in particular embodiments: k=1 and p=1; k=0 and p=2; and k=0.5 and p=1.5). The chelates can be used as cross-linking agents in hydraulic fracturing fluids and in gels that are used for selectively plugging permeable zones in subterranean formations or for plugging subterranean leaks.

Abstract: Dichroic coloring agents which have a blue to blue-violet hue and have not been used to date for liquid crystal displays are disclosed. These coloring agents are represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein X is S or NH; R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group or alkoxy group; and R.sub.2 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, aryl group or aralkyl group.

Abstract: A new class of chemiluminescent compounds is described which has the ability to emit light which corresponds to the fluorescence of the compounds' breakdown products. This chemiluminescence is stimulated by the energetic decomposition of the chemiluminescent compound. These chemiluminescent compounds have the following structure: ##STR1## wherein X is hydrogen or an electron-withdrawing group; and Y is hydrogen or an electron-withdrawing group and both X and Y are not hydrogen.

Abstract: A polymeric chemical warfare agent decontamination composition comprising a polymeric quaternary pyridinium salt resulting from the reaction of a polyvinylbenzyl salt and a di(C.sub.l -C.sub.n alkyl) aminopyridine wherein n is 20 or higher, and the method of making such pyridinium salt is disclosed wherein the reaction product is a polymer of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 or higher alkyl group.

Abstract: A water-soluble zirconium chelate formed from a tetraalkyl zirconate and hydroxyethyl-tris-(hydroxypropyl) ethylene diamine, and use of the chelate as cross-linking agents in hydraulic fracturing fluids and in gels that are used for selectively plugging permeable zones in subterranean formations or for plugging subterranean leaks.

Abstract: A solid propellant composition employing 2,2-bis(t-butyldicyclopentadienyon)propane (TBD) as the burn rate enhancer in a weight percent from about 2 to about 6 weight percent yields higher threshold values for ignition by impact and improved friction and spark testing values to thereby render the solid propellant composition less hazardous to personnel during handling as compared to similar solid propellant compositions containing Catocene, (2,2-bis(ethyldicylopentadienyliron)propane). The TBD solid propellant composition also comprises from about 9 to about 10 weight percent of hydroxyterminated polybutadiene binder system including an isocyanate curative added in amount of up to 1.0 weight percent and optional modifiers in small amounts with adjustment of the weight percent of other ingredients. Other propellant ingredients comprise a trimodal mix of 200, 1.7, and 0.

Abstract: A process for recrystallizing crude, rod-like or jagged crystals of 3-nit1,2,4-triazol-5-one into spheroidal crystals by using water containing from 0.01 to 0.20 weight percent of a fluorochemical surfactant and from 0.01 to 0.20 weight percent of methyl cellulose.

Abstract: Hollow ceramic fibers are made by intercalating carbon fibers with a metal chloride and then heating the intercalated fibers in air to oxidize or burn off the carbon, leaving metal oxide fibers having generally the size and structure of the carbon fiber precursors. The fibers are then soaked in boric acid solution, briefly dried and heated at a high temperature to make hollow alumina fibers. The temperatures at which the boric acid soaked fibers are heated can be varied to produce different tube morphologies.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell comprising lithium as the anode, the lithium intelating compound Li.sub.x CoO.sub.2 (O<X<1) as the cathode, and a solution of a lithium salt in a mixed organic solvent of methylformate and diethylcarbonate as the electrolyte.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer composition containing a condensation polymer and a thermally stable modified selectively hydrogenated alkenyl arene/conjugated diene copolymer wherein a primary or secondary amine functional group is grafted to the block copolymer primarily in the alkenyl arene blocks thereof.

Abstract: Compounds of formula: ##STR1## and oxidation hair dye compositions containing the same; also includes a process for dyeing hair with such compositions; Ar being an aryl radical.