Abstract: Printed circuit boards are fabricated by screening circuit and pad-defining patterns on a base panel and removing them in a certain sequence, and depositing metal in the pad areas only at a particular interval in the process, the sequence being effective to facilitate inspection of the board at desired intervals and to produce accurate, economical circuit boards.

Abstract: A process and product is presented for obtaining selective areas of distinctive appearance, i.e., matting on synthetic coverings. This process includes, depositing a polymer coating which contains at least one first initiator for polymerization onto at least a first selected area or zone on an expandable or nonexpandable support substrate. Next, at least one second coating comprised of a crosslinkable monomer containing at least one second polymerization initiator is deposited onto a second selected area on the substrate. This second area or zone may encompass at least a portion of the first area. The first and second initiators should be triggered by distinct "spectral zones", i.e., a range of temperature conditions, frequency conditions, etc. capable of decomposing the initiator to form free radicals or ions needed for chain propagation in a polymerization reaction.

Abstract: The disclosed method of ionized-plasma spraying includes the steps of loading an article to be coated into a vacuum chamber, pumping out active gases from the vacuum chamber to a pre-evacuation level, cutting off the pre-evacuation pump, leaking an inert gas into the vacuum chamber, pumping out active gases from the vacuum chamber to the working pressure, spraying a coating onto the article in an inert gas atmosphere, and after the application of the coating terminating the pumping out of active gases from the vacuum chamber and leaking air thereinto, the subsequent pumping out of air from the vacuum chamber being effected to a pressure of 6 to 66 Pa.The apparatus for perfoming the method comprises a high evacuation unit including a magnetron pump connected with the vacuum chamber through a cutoff valve and associated with means for monitoring the residual atmosphere.

Abstract: A method for treating fibers which comprises modifying the surface of a fiber of a polyester which shows anisotrophy in the molten state by subjecting the fiber to a low-temperature plasma irradiation, said method enabling to obtain fibers which comprise highly oriented molecules, are highly crystalline and hence exhibit a high tenacity and a high modulus of elasticity.The fibers thus obtained are suitable as a reinforcing material, exhibit an excellent adhesion to matrices to be reinforced and can give a satisfactory strength to the resulting composite material.

Abstract: A method for depositing a micron-size metallic film on a transparent substrate by thermal deposition employing a focused visible laser. The method includes the step of positioning the substrate in a gas cell containing a metal bearing gaseous compound. A nucleation layer is formed on a surface of the substrate by either shining an ultraviolet light on the substrate surface or by heating the substrate to a temperature which is less than the temperature at which the molecules of the gaseous compound decompose. Next, a laser which may be visible or near infrared is focused onto the substrate to provide localized heating of the area of the substrate to which the beam is incident. Molecules of the gaseous compound thermally decompose on the heated area to deposit a metal film thereon.

Abstract: An improved process, optimizing quality and growth rate with independent control of residual stress, is disclosed for the growing of membranes for use as X-ray lithography mask blanks. The process comprises providing a mounting fixture and a low-cost substrate material thereon, cooling the substrate to about the boiling point of hydrogen by passing a liquid coolant in contact with the fixture, depositing by a low-temperature plasma-enhanced method a thin membrane onto the cooled substrate, removing the substrate and the thereon deposited membrane from the fixture, and allowing the substrate thermally to expand by gradually assuming ambient room temperature, whereby the membrane will acquire optimum tensile stress. Preferably, the low-cost substrate is low grade industrial silicon and the membrane is formed of boron nitride, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, amorphous silicon, diamondlike carbon, aluminum oxide, beryllium and silicon oxide.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl, aralkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carboxyalkyl or carboxyaryl;R.sup.2 is any group which does not cause spontaneous decomposition of the peroxy group; andx and y are integers between 0 and 4 with x+y great than or equal to 1, are disclosed.The inventive compounds are useful as visible and UV photoinitiators and as thermal or chemical initiators for curing compositions of ethylenically unsaturated monomers and prepolymers.

Abstract: A process is described for eliminating or substantially reducing the surface tack on relief printing plates and the like articles fabricated from radiation-sensitive polymerizable resins, particularly photopolymerizable resin compositions. The process comprises immersing the article, after curing, in an aqueous solution or dispersion comprising a water-soluble or water dispersible ethylenically unsaturated monomer (acrylic, methacrylic acids and derivatives thereof preferred) and optionally a photoinitiator and exposing the immersed plate to actinic radiation.

Abstract: The optical transmission of an amorphous, carbonaceous film having diamond-like properties is enhanced by the ion implantation thereof with carbon ions. The film preferably is between about 30 and 110 nanometers in thickness and is implanted with a dosage of between about 10.sup.12 and 10.sup.14 carbon ions per square centimeter.

Abstract: A nonfocused infrared panel emitter and method of making the same. The panel emitter includes a primary emitter positioned between an insulating layer and a secondary emitter. Preferably, the panel emitter comprises a metal foil primary emitter, woven alumina cloth secondary emitter, and alumina silica board insulating layer bonded together by means of an alumina silica binder. In the method of making the panel emitter, a mesh sheet is preferably positioned adjacent the foil and the sheet is vaporized by heating prior to bonding to create a void adjacent the foil to allow thermal expansion and contraction of the foil.

Abstract: A mask for corpuscular lithography permits a short exposure time for generating structures on semiconductor wafers, and provides a cost reduction of such structure generation. The mask has a tunnel cathode in corpuscle-emitting regions.

Abstract: A method of galvanic manufacture of bump-like lead contacts of semiconductor components. The lead contacts are formed of etchable metals having a surface coating of gold. The gold is chemically deposited onto the lead contacts in a first and in a second work step. In the first work step, the deposition occurs to a thickness of 10 to 200 nm, and in the second work step to a thickness of 50 to 200 nm. Etching processes and a tempering occur between the two work steps. The surface layer applied in the first work step is employed during the etching processes as an etching mask for the lead contacts. This surface layer then diffuses into the lead contacts during the tempering. The solderablity of the lead contacts is thus preserved over a longer than usual time span (factor of 20).

Abstract: A slidegate assembly is provided for use with a ladle wherein at least one of the slidegates has a recess countersunk about an opening in its surface in sliding engagement with the other slidegate, and has an insert made of a refractory material sprayed in the recess by a plasma gun device. The insert has an opening aligned with the opening in the slidegate, and is substantially coplanar with the sliding surface. In the closed position, the insert closes the opening of the other slidegate. The refractory material applied by the liquid stabilized plasma gun device provides an extremely hard insert that is highly resistant to the temperatures and erosive effects of various molten melts and to the abrasive effects caused by multiple shifts of the assembly during pouring operations. A method is provided for producing slidegates for the assembly.

Abstract: The adhesion of conductive layers to ceramic substrates in the application of such layers by low-energy techniques is improved by interposing between the high-conductivity metal layer and the substrate a layer of refractory metal which is preferably also applied by low-energy vaporization. The metal layers can be provided in succession by reversing the polarity of electrodes composed of the metals of these layers which strike an arc vaporizing the metal to be deposited. One of the electrodes can be shifted out of position and replaced by a substitute electrode and the process repeated to deposit a further layer of metal from the substitute electrode on the substrate.

Abstract: A vacuum plasma coating apparatus comprises a plasma torch arranged in a low pressure chamber and displaceable along a plurality of axes relative to the part to be coated and a device for moving the part to be coated with a plurality of degrees of freedom simultaneously with the plasma torch. In order to be able to coat a plurality of parts simultaneously with great effectiveness, a device for moving the part to be coated is constructed in such manner that it can contain a plurality of parts simultaneously, the parts being movable simultaneously and/or sequentially through the plasma jet. In each case the part nearest the plasma torch is arranged in the plasma jet in such manner that this extends at least occasionally laterally beyond an outer dimension of this part and all parts to be coated move within a predetermined spray distance range when they are located in the plasma jet.

Abstract: This invention provides organopolysiloxane materials having cone penetration between about 100 and about 350 (10.sup.-1 mm) and ultimate elongation of at least 100% and having reduced surface tack. This invention provides three methods of obtaining said materials with reduced surface tack. The first method comprises applying to the surface of such material an organic peroxide or a photoinitiator and irradiating the surface with ultraviolet light to further crosslink the surface to reduce or eliminate the tack of the surface. The second method comprises mixing a photoinitiator, such as benzophenone, in an organopolysiloxane fluid, thermally crosslinking the organopolysiloxane fluid to produce the material with the above cone penetration and ultimate elongation then irradiating the surface of the material with ultraviolet light to reduce or eliminate the tack of the surface.

Abstract: An insulation layer is selectively formed by exposing the surface of a workpiece to an atmosphere comprising a mixture of a halogen-based gas and a raw gas containing a compoundable element chemically bondable with an element of a material constituting surface layer of the workpiece to form an insulating compound. The surface layer of the workpiece is formed of a non-insulating material, such as a metallic material or a semiconductor material. Light rays are directly irradiated on the selected region or regions of the surface of the workpiece through the atmosphere of the gaseous mixture, thereby dissociating said halogen-based gas. As a result, a layer comprising the insulating compound is formed on the selected region of the surface of the workpiece on which the light rays have been directly irradiated.

Abstract: A method for depositing GaAs on a substrate is disclosed, involving applying a thin liquid film of a gallium-arsenic complex solution to the substrate and evaporating arsenide complex. The gallium-arsenic complex is selected from the group of complexes having the formula X.sub.3 GaAsR.sub.3 where X is chlorine, bromine, iodine, phenyl, methyl or trifluoromethyl and R is by hydrogen, phenyl, benzyl, methyl or trifluoromethyl.The thin solid film is irradiated with ultraviolet light at a sufficient wavelength and of a sufficient intensity to photochemically convert the gallium-arsenic complex to GaAs.

Abstract: A thin film electroluminescence device which comprises a pair of electrodes, at least one of which is transparent, and a light-emitting layer consisting essentially of oxygen-containing amorphous hydrogenated silicon carbide and being interposed between said paired electrodes.

Abstract: A method in high temperature repair of damaged fuel cell screens comprising the steps of forming a mask, bathing the screen to be repaired in pure argon, masking the damage site with the mask, applying to the site selected repair material via plasma spray in several cycles each cycle interspersed with a cooling period, where a test wafer may be exposed on the surface of the mask for metering purposes.