Abstract: An outboard motor includes an engine, a generator to generate power by driving of the engine, a driving force transmitter to transmit a driving force from the engine, a propeller shaft to rotate by being switched from a neutral state in which a clutch is disconnected from the driving force transmitter of the engine at idle to a non-neutral state in which the clutch is connected to the driving force transmitter, and a controller configured or programmed to perform a control to reduce a rotation speed of the engine by regeneration of the generator based on a user's switching operation on a shift operator to switch the outboard motor from the neutral state to the non-neutral state, and then connect the clutch to the driving force transmitter while rotating the engine.

Abstract: A method of making a wind turbine blade (10) having a shear web (20, 22) bonded between first and second half shells (16, 18) is described. The method involves providing a web locator (40) on an inner surface of a half shell. The web locator has a fixed portion (42) and a spring portion (44) extending from the fixed portion. The spring portion is moveable relative to the fixed portion between compressed and relaxed states.

Abstract: Magnetic latching valves have a housing with first and second ports in controlled fluid communication with one another. Enclosed within the housing is a linearly translatable armature within a solenoid. The armature is movable between open and closed positions and is connected to a poppet valve. A permanent magnet is fixedly seated at a position for magnetically latching the armature in the open position, and a spring is seated with a first end against the poppet valve and a second end against the housing. The spring biases the poppet valve closed when the armature is in the closed position and has a pre-selected spring rate that mechanically relieves pressure if the spring rate is exceeded. The armature is moved to the open position after a pulse of voltage to the solenoid and is in an unpowered state thereafter. Vehicle fuel refueling system are disclosed that include a magnetic latching valve.

Abstract: A vehicle control device is configured to: execute fuel cut control for stopping fuel supply to an internal combustion engine; when a vehicle is in series traveling, perform control based on a traveling state of the vehicle such that a rotation speed of the internal combustion engine is a predetermined target rotation speed; and when the vehicle is in the series traveling and there is a deceleration request, execute the fuel cut control in accordance with a rotation speed difference between a rotation speed of the internal combustion engine and the target rotation speed.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method in a two-stroke engine comprising at least one cylinder (1) with a reciprocating piston (2), a delimited combustion space (5), at least one outlet port (7) and an inlet port (9) which are both uncovered at the bottom dead center position of the piston, an actuator (8) which activates a valve (17) to open and introduce combustion air via an inlet pipe (6), a control system (15) which controls the actuator to open the valve in order to introduce combustion air via the inlet port. The invention is characterized in that the inlet port is closed by the piston after the outlet port has been closed, thus the opposite compared to the two-stroke engines of today.

Abstract: A fuel supply apparatus to be mounted in a vehicle includes an injector, a rear delivery pipe and a front delivery pipe connected to the injector, and a fixed flange that is provided in the rear delivery pipe to fix the rear delivery pipe to a PCU. The fixed flange includes a cutout.

Abstract: In some implementations, a controller may determine, in connection with a constant speed operation of an engine operable by spark ignition of a gaseous fuel, that a transient event associated with the engine is to occur, the transient event to cause a shift from a first gear to a second gear of a transmission coupled to the engine, where the shift from the first gear to the second gear is to increase a primary load associated with the engine. The controller may cause, prior to the shift from the first gear to the second gear, increasing of an auxiliary load associated with the engine. The controller may cause, during the shift from the first gear to the second gear, decreasing of the auxiliary load.

Abstract: A supplemental fuel system includes a supplemental fuel tank, a first pressure regulator, a second pressure regulator, and a nozzle. The supplemental fuel tank is configured to store a supplemental fuel at a first pressure. The first pressure regulator is configured to reduce the first pressure of the supplemental fuel received from the supplemental fuel tank to a second pressure. The second pressure regulator is configured to reduce the second pressure of the supplemental fuel received from the first pressure regulator to a third pressure. The nozzle is configured to be positioned (i) downstream of the second pressure regulator and (ii) within a conduit of an air supply system for the compression-ignition engine. The nozzle is configured to receive a flow of the supplemental fuel and provide the supplemental fuel to air flowing though the conduit.

Abstract: A fuel quality sensor can include a pump with a suction side and a pressure side for pumping fuel along a fuel flow path between an underground reservoir and a nozzle of a fuel dispensing unit; a first transmitter disposed at the suction side of the pump on a first side of a bypass plenum in fluid communication with the fuel flow path, the first transmitter configured to transmit a first light signal at a first predetermined frequency in the bypass plenum; a receiver disposed at the suction side of the pump on a second side of the bypass plenum and configured to receive the first light signal; and a control unit electrically connected to the first transmitter and the receiver and configured to determine at least one parameter of the fuel present in the fuel flow path based on the received first light signal at the first predetermined frequency.

Abstract: A method of operation of exhaust valves of an adjustable exhaust port 2-stroke motorcycle engine with a two stage exhaust valve system includes: providing a control rod mechanically coupled to a governor, so that the governor causes a rotation of the control rod. A first stage exhaust valve, a second stage left exhaust valve, and a second stage right exhaust valve are also controllably linked to the control rod; and operating the second stage left exhaust valve and the second stage right exhaust valve by opening at least one of the second stage left exhaust valve and the second stage right exhaust valve before the first stage exhaust valve is completely open in an overlap operation. Related methods and structures for overlap, and/or stagger, and/or limiter operation of exhaust valves of an adjustable exhaust port 2-stroke motorcycle engine are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multiple combustion mode engine with ammonia fuel including an cylinder head, a cylinder sleeve, a piston, a main combustion chamber, an inlet valve and an exhaust valve, and further including a jet ignition device arranged on the cylinder head and used for providing an ignition source for the main combustion chamber, and an ammonia injector used for providing ammonia/air mixture gas for the main combustion chamber. Also disclosed is a control method of the multiple combustion mode engine with ammonia fuel. The time sequence of ammonia injection of the main combustion chamber and jet flame generation of the pre-chamber is controlled, the mixed state of the fuel/air in the main combustion chamber before ignition can be controlled, and finally different combustion modes, i.e. a premixed combustion mode and a diffusion combustion mode, are formed in the main combustion chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a crankshaft, one or more cylinders including a cylinder head, a piston, a combustion chamber, one or more intake valves, one or more exhaust valves, an intake system configured for feeding intake air to the engine, an exhaust system configured for conveying exhaust gas away from the engine, a pressure charging system connected to the intake system and an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system arranged to feed branched off exhaust gas from the exhaust system to the intake system via an EGR conduit wherein: * the internal combustion engine includes a valve actuation device configured to allow for late or early closing of the intake valves in accordance with late or early Miller-type valve timing, and wherein * the EGR system includes a gas feeding device configured to feed exhaust gas through the EGR conduit in modes of operation wherein the pressure in the intake system exceeds the pressure in the exhaust system, * wherein the gas feeding devic

Abstract: An engine-driven generator may comprise an engine, a generator, a motor, a battery, a power supply circuit, and a processor. The processor may be configured to detect that the battery has a sufficient power supply capability that enables a piston of the engine to pass over a compression top dead center, at the start of the engine. The processor may permit ignition of the engine in a case where the processor has detected that the battery has the sufficient power supply capability. The processor may avoid the ignition of the engine in a case where the processor has not detected that the battery has the sufficient power supply capability.

Abstract: A method to determine the mass of air trapped in each cylinder of an internal combustion engine, which comprises determining, based on a model using measured and/or estimated physical quantities, a value for a first group of reference quantities; determining, based on the model, the actual inner volume of each cylinder as a function of the speed of rotation of the internal combustion engine and of the closing delay angle of the intake valve; and calculating the mass of air trapped in each cylinder as a function of the first group of reference quantities and of the actual inner volume of each cylinder.

Abstract: A method for fabrication of a composite component, e.g. wind turbine blade, comprises forming a composite structure within a mold, the composite structure including a resin dispersed throughout the fibers in the composite structure and applying a surface treatment, e.g. sanding, to at least one region of the composite structure. A Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer is employed to irradiate the treated surface area with infrared light; and determining the amount of infrared light absorbed in the treated area of the composite structure to measure the chemical bond (distribution efficacy, chemical composition, and cure state) of the composite product. Calibration models for a variety of materials are made using a partial least squares 2-variable regression. These calibration files incorporate spectrum from samples of varying resin-hardener mix ratio, and at varying degree of cure.

Abstract: An example hybrid power system includes a mobile platform comprising: a generator set comprising: a reciprocating engine configured to convert natural gas into rotational mechanical energy; and a generator configured to convert rotational mechanical energy sourced from the reciprocating engine into electrical energy; an electrical energy storage system (ESS) configured to store electrical energy; an electrical motor configured to convert electrical energy sourced from a combination of the generator set and the ESS into rotational mechanical energy; and a pump configured to operate using rotational mechanical energy sourced from the electrical motor.

Abstract: An EGR device includes an inlet portion into which EGR gas is introduced, a first outlet portion, a second outlet portion, and a passage portion. The first outlet portion and the second outlet portion each conduct, to the corresponding branch passage portion, the EGR gas that has been introduced through the inlet portion. The passage portion allows gas to flow between the inlet portion and the first outlet portion and between the inlet portion and the second outlet portion. The passage portion includes: a main passage that connects the inlet portion to the first outlet portion and to the second outlet portion; and an expansion chamber that is expanded outward from the main passage. The main passage includes a connecting portion. The connecting portion is connected to the second outlet portion and extends in a first direction. The expansion chamber is expanded outward from the connecting portion.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for detection of cylinder misfire in an engine. In one example, a system may comprise a first cylinder and second cylinder of the engine having exhaust flows combined together in an exhaust system before being combined with other cylinders of the engine. The first cylinder and second cylinder may share an exhaust gas sensor mounted in the exhaust in a position to sense exhaust from the first cylinder and second cylinder, and being positioned before exhaust from other cylinders is combined with sensed exhaust from the first cylinder and second cylinder. The system may further include a control system with instructions stored therein to indicate detected misfire in one or more of the first and second sensors based on an output from the exhaust gas sensor.

Abstract: A method for controlling engine braking in a vehicle comprises: determining a position of a throttle operator; determining a speed of the vehicle; and determining an engine braking mode selected. In response to the position of the throttle operator being a fully released position and the selected braking mode being a first engine braking mode: controlling an engine and a position of a throttle valve according to the first engine braking mode for applying a first level of engine braking. In response to the position of the throttle operator being the fully released position and the selected braking mode being the second engine braking mode: controlling the engine and the position of the throttle valve according to the second engine braking mode based at least on the speed of the vehicle for applying a second level of engine braking. A vehicle implementing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A starter-generator device for a work vehicle having an engine includes a gear set for transmitting power, one or more clutch portions configured to selectively interact with the gear set, an actuator device to power movement of an armature only in a first direction, and a linkage having a first portion extending axially and having a neck region formed as a permanent bend and having a bend radius. The linkage also includes a second portion extending radially from the first portion to a distal end. An actuation pin is connected to the distal end and to the clutch portion such that movement of distal end causes corresponding movement of the clutch portion. Powered movement of the armature moves the distal end in one direction. An elastic return force of the linkage moves the distal end in an opposite direction.