Abstract: Ions originating from sample components are made to fly along a loop orbit (P) multiple times, and are deviated from the loop orbit (P) when a predetermined period of time has elapsed after the ejection of the ions. A time-of-flight spectrum recording unit (81) creates a time-of-flight spectrum based on the detected signal. If an overtaking of ions occurs on the loop orbit (P), the number of turns of peaks (ions) appearing on the spectrum cannot be determined. Given this factor, an isotopic peak detector (82) finds an isotopic peak group based on the time intervals and intensity ratio of a plurality of peaks appearing on the spectrum. A flight distance computation unit 83 uses the fact that the mass difference between adjacent peaks belonging to an isotopic peak group is 1 Da when ions are singly-charged, and computes the flight distance based on a predetermined formula.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing a slice and view technique with a dual beam system. The feature of interest in an image of a sample is located by machine vision, and the area to be milled and imaged in a subsequent slice and view iteration is determined through analysis of data gathered by the machine vision at least in part. A determined milling area may be represented as a bounding box around a feature, which dimensions can be changed in accordance with the analysis step. The FIB is then adjusted accordingly to slice and mill a new face in the subsequent slice and view iteration, and the SEM images the new face. Because the present invention accurately locates the feature and determines an appropriate size of area to mill and image, efficiency is increased by preventing the unnecessary milling of substrate that does not contain the feature of interest.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for examining a sample using a scanning tunneling microscope, wherein before or during image recording, a contrast agent is applied to at least one location on the tip of the scanning tunneling microscope and/or on the sample, which is part of the tunneling contact during the image recording, while a temperature less than or equal to the condensation temperature of the contrast agent is set at this location. A corresponding scanning tunneling microscope is disclosed.

Abstract: A water sampling device and method for use with a radiation probe. The device includes a base, filtrate reservoir, filter media support disc, and sample reservoir. The sample reservoir may be interchanged with a radiation probe adaptor. The device and method provide a simple and convenient means to separate particulate solids from a water sample prior to measuring radioactivity without the need for a heat source or electrical power to evaporate the water. The device and method can be used with a variety of commercially available radiation probes and is suitable for field applications.

Abstract: A hand-held apparatus for curing resins includes a housing, a heat sink, a light-emitting unit, a power supply unit and a light transmission unit. The heat sink is installed in the housing. The light-emitting unit is installed on the heat sink. The light-emitting unit has at least one first light-emitting element for generating first wavelength light to cure the resins, at least one second light-emitting element for generating second wavelength light to generate white light, and at least one light-reflecting element surrounding the at least one first light-emitting element and the at least one second light-emitting element for reflecting the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light. The power supply unit provides power for the light-emitting unit. The light transmission unit is coupled to the housing for transmitting the first wavelength light and the second wavelength light to the resins.

Abstract: The invention presents a drinking water server having a configuration capable of suppressing generation of bacteria in a cold water tank, in a cold water pour tube, and in a pour valve. An opening part (2c) is formed in bottom side of a cold water tank (2), and a straight cold water pour tube (6) disposed horizontally in this opening part (2c) by way of a bent part (6b). An ultraviolet lamp (8) is disposed so as to reach up to a bottom part of the bent part (6b) by way of the opening part (2c) from inside of the cold water tank (2), so that ultraviolet rays emitted from the ultraviolet lamp (8) may be emitted uniformly both in the cold water tank (2) and in the duct of the cold water pour tube (6). As a valve body of a cold water pour valve (7), a diaphragm (71) for clogging the leading end of the cold water pour tube (6) is used, and dead angle of ultraviolet rays is eliminated.

Abstract: Compositions and processes for forming radiopaque polymeric articles are disclosed. In one embodiment, radiation inspection apparatuses and methods are then used to determine the presence and attributes of such radiopaque polymeric articles. A radiopaque polymeric article of the present invention can be created by mixing a radiopaque material, such as barium, bismuth, tungsten or their compounds, with a powdered polymer, pelletized polymer or liquid solution, emulsion or suspension of a polymer in solvent or water. In addition to creating radiation detectable objects, the radiopaque polymeric materials of the present invention can be used to create radiation protective articles, such as radiation protective garments and bomb containment vessels. Enhanced radiation protection can also be achieved through the use of nano-materials. The principals of the present invention can be used to provide protection against other types of hazards, including fire, chemical, biological and projectile hazards.

Abstract: Tips including a platinum silicide at an apex of a single crystal silicon tip are provided herein. Also, techniques for creating a tip are provided. The techniques include depositing an amount of platinum (Pt) on a single crystal silicon tip, annealing the platinum and single crystal silicon tip to form a platinum silicide, and selectively etching the platinum with respect to the formed platinum silicide.

Abstract: A chopper for a particle beam comprises an annular guiding element and an element for controlling the intensity of the particle beam. The control element is supported on the guiding element so that at least one point under consideration on the control element can revolve along the circumference of the guiding element. Mounting along a circumference allows for accommodation of considerably higher disturbance torque than mounting on a rotational axle, using the same bearing force. Furthermore, it is possible to dispense with the entire rotational axle, and the control element can be designed, for example, as a ring. This brings about considerable weight savings as compared to chopper wheels according to the prior art, which accordingly enables higher circumferential speeds and therefore higher modulation frequencies for the particle beam, while at the same time increasing operational safety.

Abstract: A transparent electromagnetic wave-shielding filter, containing a support, a conductive layer provided on the support, and a hard coat layer provided on the conductive layer, wherein the conductive layer is formed by subjecting an emulsion layer which contains a silver halide and a binder and is coated on the support, to exposure and developing process, wherein the hard coat layer is formed by coating a coating liquid for forming the hard coat layer with a solvent on the conductive layer, and wherein the emulsion layer contains a compound soluble in the solvent of the coating liquid for forming the hard coat layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a linear multipole ion storage device which is suitable for reactions between positive and negative ions, and for fragmentation reactions by electron transfer dissociation (ETD) in particular. The invention uses a linear RF ion trap with at least three pairs of rods with a new type of electronic power supply. The two phases of a first RF voltage are applied to the pole rods alternately around the circumference and confine positive as well as negative ions in the radial direction. A second RF voltage is either applied single-phase to some of the pole rods, but not to all of them, or two-phase to unequal numbers of pole rods so that the axis potential oscillates with the frequency of this second RF voltage and generates a pseudopotential barrier which acts axially on ions of both polarities at the ends of the ion storage device. In the interior, the second RF produces a complex superposition field resulting in an increased fragmentation yield for ETD.

Abstract: Neutron optics based on the two-reflection geometries are capable of controlling beams of long wavelength neutrons with low angular divergence. The preferred mirror fabrication technique is a replication process with electroform nickel replication process being preferable. In the preliminary demonstration test an electroform nickel optics gave the neutron current density gain at the focal spot of the mirror at least 8 for neutron wavelengths in the range from 6 to 20 ?. The replication techniques can be also be used to fabricate neutron beam controlling guides.

Abstract: A measuring cell of an ICR mass spectrometer and a method of operating a measuring cell of the ICR mass spectrometer. The method and system trap ions in a first compartment of the ICR measuring cell by generating an electric potential well in the direction of the magnetic field with a minimum of the electric potential well located inside the first compartment. The method and system excite cyclotron motion of the ions trapped in the first compartment. The method and system transfer at least a part of the excited ions from the first compartment to a second compartment of the ICR measuring cell by displacement of a position of the minimum of the electric potential well from the first compartment to the second compartment.

Abstract: A sample is ionized by chemical ionization by flowing the sample and a reagent gas into an ion source at a pressure below 0.1 Torr. While maintaining the ion source at a pressure below 0.1 Torr, the reagent gas is ionized in the ion source by electron ionization to produce reagent ions. The sample is reacted with the reagent ions at a pressure below 0.1 Torr to produce product ions of the sample. The product ions are transmitted into an ion trap for mass analysis.

Abstract: A test structure and method thereof for determining a defect in a sample of semiconductor device includes at least one transistor rendered grounded. The grounded transistor is preferably located at least one end of a test pattern designed to be included in the sample. When the test structure is inspected by charged particle beam inspection, the voltage contrast (VC) of the transistors in the test pattern including the grounded transistor is observed for determination of the presence of defect in the sample.

Abstract: A system and method for trapping a charged particle is disclosed. A time-varying periodic multipole electric potential is generated in a trapping volume. A charged particle under the influence of the multipole electric field is confined to the trapping volume. A three electrode configuration giving rise to a 3D Paul trap and a four planar electrode configuration giving rise to a 2D Paul trap are disclosed.

Abstract: A charged particle beam device is provided, including: a charged particle beam source adapted to generate a charged particle beam on an axis; an optical aberration correction device and an objective lens device, which define a corrected beam aperture angle adjusted to reduce diffraction; and a charged particle beam tilting device; wherein the optical aberration correction device and the objective lens device are adapted to provide the charged particle beam with a beam aperture angle smaller than the corrected beam aperture angle; and wherein the charged particle beam tilting device is adapted to provide a beam tilt angle which is equal or less than the corrected beam aperture angle. Further, a method of operating a charged particle beam device is provided.

Abstract: A mass filter for an ion beam system includes at least two stages and reduces chromatic aberration. One embodiment includes two symmetrical mass filter stages, the combination of which reduces or eliminates chromatic aberration, and entrance and exit fringing field errors. Embodiments can also prevent neutral particles from reaching the sample surface and avoid crossovers in the beam path. In one embodiment, the filter can pass a single species of ion from a source that produces multiple species. In other embodiments, the filter can pass a single ion species with a range of energies and focus the multi-energetic ions at the same point on the substrate surface.

Abstract: A composite focused ion beam device has a first ion beam irradiation system that irradiates a first ion beam for processing a sample and a second ion beam irradiation system that irradiates a second ion beam for processing or observing the sample. The first ion beam irradiation system has a plasma type gas ion source that generates first ions for forming the first ion beam, each of the first ions having a first mass. The second ion beam irradiation system has a gas field ion source that generates second ions for forming the second ion beam. Each of the second ions has a second mass smaller than that of the first mass.

Abstract: Target respiration information is created in which a patient respiration pattern is set in advance to a cycle suitable for an operation cycle of a synchrotron, and the target respiration information is informed to the patient, so that a patient respiration timing becomes a state suitable for an operation of the synchrotron in such a manner that the patient consciously matches with the informed information.