Abstract: A television camera device for obtaining an image of high resolution by making the number of scanning lines on the target plate of an image pickup tube about twice larger than that in the television standard system and making the scanning speed of electron beam at the surface of the target plate smaller than that in the television standard system, is disclosed in which an electric field intensity in a region between the target plate and a mesh electrode (namely, the fourth grid electrode) is made greater than or equal to 5.3 KV/cm, to improve the landing characteristics of scanning electron beam, thereby preventing the occurrence of the water fall phenomenon peculiar to a slow scanning operation.

Abstract: X-ray film feeding magazine usable in a film handling automatic apparatus, comprising a tray (3) in which is defined a housing (26) to receive an x-ray film packet (F). The film housing is delimited by a front gauge (17) and at least a side gauge (28) which can be shifted between a stand-by position and a work position to reduce the housing dimensions to prearranged values. The shifting of said movable front and side gauges from the stand-by to the work position is controlled by means of contrast elements (15) which are associated with the front gauge and accessible from the outside to apply an external thrust to the front and side gauges.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the production of tomographic images includes a flying spot scanner to form, from a beam of penetrating radiation, a pencil beam sweeping over a line in space to define a sweep plane. An object to be examined is supported so that the pencil beam intersects the object along a path passing through the object and a selected slice of the object. A line collimator is provided for filtering radiation scattered by the object, the line collimator has a field of view which intersects the sweep plane in a bounded line so that the line collimator passes only that radiation scattered by elementary volumes of the object lying along the bounded line. A radiation detector responds to that portion of the scattered radiation which is passed by the line collimator.

Abstract: An X-ray computed tomography apparatus is disclosed which includes an X-ray source for irradiating an X-ray, a main detector section for detecting the X-ray passed through a subject and a scattering ray detector for detecting its scattered component. An X-ray shield member is detachably mounted between the X-ray source and the main detector section to shield the main X-ray. The apparatus thus manufactured evaluates a ratio between an amount of scattered component incident on the main detector section when the main X-ray is shielded from the X-ray shield member and an amount of scattered component which is detected by the scattering ray detector. With this ratio placed as K, an amount of X-ray, m, to be measured is found fromm=b-a/Kwhere a denotes the scattered component detected by the scattering ray detector and b denotes an output level of the main detector section when the X-ray is not shielded.

Abstract: A compact, lightweight, portable, versatile and modular field x-ray system is disclosed. A base member is provided and supports an x-ray table. Two vertical masts are also coupled to the base, for movement alongside the table in a direction parallel to its longitudinal dimension. The masts move independently of one another but can also be linked together for movement in unison. A tube head is attached to one mast by articulated structure, including a series of offset arms, which affords the tube head 6 degrees of freedom of movement, both above and below the x-ray table. A spot film device is movable coupled to the second mast. The second mast and spot film device are manually removable from the remainder of the system for operation in radiographic only mode.

Abstract: An X-ray inspection apparatus is provided with main detectors each for detecting the absorption amount of X-ray beams delivered from an X-ray focal point, a reference detector for detecting variations in the size or position of the X-ray focal point, and means for removing errors due to influence of the X-ray focal point variations, based on the detention result of the reference detector.

Abstract: An X-ray lithography system using synchrotron radiation including X-rays is disclosed. A mirror is provided in a beam line structure between the X-ray source and the X-ray mask in the X-ray lithography apparatus. The mirror is reciprocatingly moved in the same direction as that of the X-rays from the source, or in the normal direction to that of the X-rays.

Abstract: A medical diagnostic television imaging system is disclosed having an x-ray source, an image intensifier tube and a video camera positioned to view the output face of the image tube. A monitor is coupled to receive video and synchronization signals from the camera. Means is associated with the video camera for controlling the camera to scan at a selected one of a plurality of scan rate formats. Circuitry is provided for suppressing the delivery of video to the monitor in response to the selection of at least one of the plurality of scan rates. During video suppression, transmission of synchronization signals to the monitor continues.

Abstract: An X-ray tube having two individually energizable cathode filaments. If a primary filament is shorted to a cathode cup, a switch mounted inside the tube housing is thrown to couple a second filament to a filament energization signal. This avoids the necessity in replacing the X-ray tube if the primary filament is shorted and lengthens the effective life of the X-ray tube.

Abstract: An integrated CT scanner gantry assembly is provided wherein an open bore rotor is supported by a bearing assembly on an open bore stator. An x-ray assembly is mounted on the rotor and supplied with high voltage power during continuous rotation about the stator through use of a slip ring assembly which is mounted between the rotor and stator. The inside surface of the stator which faces a patient generally lies along the surface of a truncated cone to permit substantial tilting of the stator. Moreover, the stator and rotor have a cross section formed as a series of separated yet aligned steps to form two isolated cavitites therebetween, one of the cavities housing the cathode of the slip ring and the other of the cavities housing the anode of the slip ring. The cavitites can be filled with a gas or liquid high voltage insulating fluid and can be readily sealed to prevent leakage of said fluid.

Abstract: An imaging device for increasing the ability to recognize, in x-ray produced images, materials of low atomic number. A flying spot scanner illuminates an object to be imaged in a raster pattern; the flying spot repeatedly sweeps a line in space, and the object to be imaged is moved so that the illuminating beam intersects the object. At least a pair of x-ray detectors are employed, each pair associated with signal processing apparatus and a display.

Abstract: An X-ray radiography apparatus having a supply magazine, a film-removing unit, an X-ray imaging unit, a reference position detector, a suction detector, a distance detector, a discriminator, and a display unit. The supply magazine contains a stack of unexposed films. The reference position detector detects when the suction unit passes a reference position located above the supply magazine. The suction detector detects when a sheet film has been attracted to the suction unit. The distance detector detects the distance the suction unit has moved vertically, from the outputs of the reference position detector and the suction detector. This distance is equal to the distance between the reference position and the topmost unexposed film stored in the magazine. The discriminator determines the number of unexposed films remaining in the supply vessel from the distance detected by the distance detector.

Abstract: In a radiology installation equipped with a picture-tube video camera for producing images in rapid succession, the electron beam of the camera tube has a first intensity at the time of readout of one image on the sensitive tube surface and a second non-zero intensity of substantially lower value than the first between readout of one image and write-in of the next. A control circuit for modifying the grid voltage of the camera tube is accordingly provided for varying the intensity of the electron beam.

Abstract: Nuclear density gauges of the type having a gamma source which is positionable at several different source depth positions with respect to a detector are calibrated in an efficient and advantageous manner by a calibration procedure which reduces the number of experimental counts which must be taken. In accordance with the present invention, a single calibration block is employed and counts are taken at one or more source depth positions on the block. Through the use of historically derived relationships between the count rate obtained from the calibration block to the count rates obtained from at least two different calibration blocks of other known densities, the expected calibration counting rates for the other blocks can be obtained. These calculated counting rates are then used along with the experimentally determined counting rate to obtain the calibration constants for the gauge.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus and method for inspecting the contents, such as food, of a package, particularly a light-opaque package, for degradation or the degree of degradation by means of ultra-soft X-rays. The inspection apparatus generally comprises a shaking unit for shaking the package and a main inspecting unit disposed downstream and independently of the shaking unit. The assessment of degradation of the degree of degradation can be made according to the state of dispersion, after shaking, of the package head space in the X-ray image information. The method and apparatus eliminate losses arising from destructive inspection.

Abstract: Diffraction elements for penetrating radiation, such as X-rays and neutrons, are prepared by coating a film of poly-(phenyleneoxadiazole) onto a substrate and graphitizing the poly-(phenyleneoxadiazole) to form a flexible graphite monocrystal on the substrate.

Abstract: An X-ray device for scanning objects moving on a conveyor path and for processing the detector signals acquired by the scan has a comparator for identifying faulty signals, the comparator being in a control chain for an image storage memory such that, in the event of a faulty detector signal, the contents of a memory row preceding the faulty detector signal are transferred into the memory row into which the faulty detector signal, if a correct signal, would have been stored. The system also includes a correction element for generating a reference signal at 100% radiation intensity in which the mean value of a number of measured signals is formed. The system also includes an element for reducing the amplitude of the useful signal during measurement in comparison to the amplitude allocated to a radiation intensity of 100%.

Abstract: For analyzing the solution specimen according to the fluorescent X-ray analyzing method, a certain quantity of solution specimen to be analyzed is impregnated into a thin porous sheet, for example by dripping method, and the sheet is dried for evaporating the solvent. Held on an appropriate holder, for example, the sheet is placed in the vacuum atmosphere or the atmosphere of helium gas, so that the primary X-rays are irradiated and the wavelength or the intensity of the fluorescent X-rays generated from the solute remained in the sheet may be detected. The concentration of the solution may be changed by concentration or by dilution, so that an adequate intensity of the fluorescent X-ray may be generated. The specimen sampler is made of porous sheet material, to which the solution specimen to be analyzed is impregnated and dried to remain only the solute of the solution in the sheet.

Abstract: A programmable X-ray film changer for use, for example, in making angiograms, is provided with an improved pressure plate mechanism, feed and removal mechanism, photographic plate indexing mechanism, a clutched single cycle drive mechanism, a receiving photographic plate cassette and control methodology. The improvements in combination permit a substantial reduction of the number of parts in the film changer resulting in increased reliability, a decrease in the expense of manufacture, and decreased weight. Furthermore, the X-ray photographic film changer is arbitrarily orientable in space and independent of gravity feed mechanisms or the interference of gravity with respect to its operation. The improved pressure plate is normally substantially flat and is bowed to form a convex surface by a pressure plate bowing mechanism. Misfeeds of multiple numbers of photographic plates are thus tolerated by the natural resiliency of the pressure plate.

Abstract: In order to be able to produce congruent panoramic strip exposures of a jaw of a patient with a dental x-ray diagnostic installation, the patient's head must be positioned by means of a forehead support, which is adjustable only in a horizontal plane, and by means of a seating part which is rigidly arranged on a carrier in the device. The seating part contains an arrangement for forming a seating surface for engaging the upper jaw of the patient so that the seating surface engages a sub-nasal point of the jaw for those patients who have no teeth or only part of their teeth and a second seating type surface for those patients having a full set of teeth.