Abstract: Systems and methods relating to utilizing plant shoot-to-root temperature differentials alone or in conjunction gas mixture humidity about a plant shoot to improve plant bast fiber growth; the timing, sequence, and range of shoot-to-root temperature differentials selected during plant development utilized to modify and improve plant bast fibers for industrial, scientific, and medical use.

Abstract: The invention relates to the grafting of perennial monocots such as bananas and oil palms. Processes for the production of such plants are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A new and distinct variety of bedding rose plant, referred to by its cultivar name, ‘MEICONFIZ’, is disclosed. The new variety forms attractive, double orange-colored flowers. Attractive dark, glossy foliage is formed, which contrasts beautifully with the blossoms. A bushy growth habit is displayed. The new variety is well suited for providing attractive ornamentation in the landscape.

Abstract: A new and distinct cultivar of Phalaenopsis plant named ‘April Showers’, characterized by its upright plant habit; moderately vigorous growth habit; strong flowering stems; strong leaves; freely flowering habit with typically two to three inflorescences per plant, each inflorescence with numerous flowers; white-colored flowers with dark red and dark purplish red-colored stripes and sectors; flowers with white, yellow and purple-colored labella; and good postproduction longevity.

Abstract: A new cultivar of Gaillardia plant named ‘Fanfare Serenade’ that is distinguishable by its compact and upright plant habit, large showy inflorescences composed of tubular ray florets arranged around a central disc composed of numerous small disc florets. When fully expanded, the tubular ray florets of ‘Fanfare Serenade’ are predominantly red in color with short bright yellow tips.

Abstract: A new and distinct Pulmonaria plant characterized by its large, multicolored flowers, mature silver foliage without prominent spotting, high vigor, and powdery mildew tolerance.

Abstract: A new and distinct variety of almond tree, which is denominated varietally as ‘Buralmfour’, is described with self-fertility and which produces an attractively light-colored kernel that is mature for harvesting on approximately August 19 to August 25 under the ecological conditions prevailing in the San Joaquin Valley of central California.

Abstract: A new and distinct cultivar of primocane-fruiting raspberry named ‘HFG 1714’. The new variety reliably provides balanced heavy crop load on both primocanes and floricanes with very large, conical, extremely firm, subacid, pinkish-red colored berries suited for the fresh market. Plants possess high vigor, high number of spawn, and exceptional bud break in the floricane cycle.

Abstract: A new cultivar of Hebe plant named ‘Humdime’ that is characterized by its variegated foliage that is creamy yellow in color with a green stripe in the center with the leaves turning mostly all green in the winter under low light conditions, its white flowers, and its height of 15 to 20 cm in its first season in the garden and a height of 60 cm as a mature plant in the garden.

Abstract: A new and distinct Petunia plant named ‘WGPESMVYEL’, characterized by its upright to outwardly spreading and mounding to eventually trailing and decumbent plant habit; vigorous growth habit and rapid growth rate; freely branching habit; dense and bushy plant form; early and freely flowering habit; single-type flowers that are bright yellowish green in color with darker yellowish green-colored throats and venation; and excellent container and garden performance.

Abstract: A new and distinct cultivar of Coleus (Coleus scutellarioides) plant named ‘UF21-83-1’ having a combination of desirable traits that make it well-suited for use as an annual plant in the summer landscape. ‘UF21-83-1’ has consistent foliage color patterning, and fast growth rate and vigor in the greenhouse and landscape. ‘UF21-83-1’ has ruffled, highly lobed foliage that is predominantly dark red with consistent yellowish green leaf margins and a yellowish green base on the upper surface and undersides. ‘UF21-83-1’ maintains these contrasting colors and patterns in both sun and shade. ‘UF21-83-1’ is upright in habit, but it is highly branched and spreading in form, growing wider than it does tall.

Abstract: A new cultivar of Hydrangea quercifolia plant named ‘Bocotoso’ that is characterized by its inflorescences with fertile and sterile flowers, its small, dense, compact plant habit, its strong branches (do not lodge), its red foliage colors in late summer to early fall, its dense inflorescences that are ovate to conical in shape with white sterile flowers, and its floriferous blooming habit.

Abstract: A new and distinct Cannabis plant named ‘Pure Red 3’ is characterized by its unique pungent strawberry aroma that is distinct and clearly recognizable. ‘Pure Red 3’ has a high flower to biomass ratio and a relatively short flowering time compared with other commercial varieties known to the inventors.

Abstract: A new cultivar of Daphne plant named ‘Moon Canyon’ that is characterized by its open and semi-upright plant habit, striking variegated green-centered and yellow-margined foliage in spring and cream-yellow margins from late spring and early summer, and white flowers whose orange anthers present as small orange eyes. Plants of ‘Moon Canyon’ are in continual bloom from late spring until fall, with peak blooming occurring in late spring and early summer. In combination, these traits set ‘Moon Canyon’ apart from all other varieties of Daphne known to the inventor.

Abstract: A new and distinct cultivar of Echinacea plant named ‘IFECSSPOM’, characterized by its upright to broadly upright and relatively compact plant habit; moderately vigorous to vigorous growth habit; freely branching habit; strong dark-colored flowering stems; numerous single-type inflorescences with two whorls of red to red purple-colored ray florets and red-colored receptacle spines; and good garden performance.

Abstract: A new cultivar of Rosa named ‘TMRO14-08’ that is distinguishable by a semi-prostrate plant habit, small glossy green compound leaves, and lightly fragrant semi-double flowers which open pale pink in color with darker pink centers. The pink color of the early flowers soon gives way to pure white flowers with occasional tinges of very pale pink. ‘TMRO14-08’ bears glossy red hips when mature and is hardy in USDA Hardiness Zone 5. In combination, these traits set ‘TMRO14-08’ apart from all other existing varieties of Rosa known to the inventor.

Abstract: A new and distinct cultivar of Tecoma plant named ‘SMNTSC’, characterized by its relatively compact, upright to somewhat outwardly spreading and mounding plant habit; moderately vigorous growth habit and moderate growth rate; freely branching habit; medium green-colored leaves; freely flowering habit; large inflorescences with large bright yellow-colored flowers; and good garden performance.

Abstract: A new and unique cultivar of hyssop, Agastache plant named ‘Blue Bayou’ with medium-sized, dense, mounded, well-branched, upright, winter-hardy habit and dark green foliage color with wine-colored underside as emerging. The new plant is freely-flowering with flowers of dark purple coloration beginning in early summer and continuing into fall with densely branched panicles. The new plant has excellent vigor, is resistant to deer and rabbits, and is useful in the landscape and as a cut flower.

Abstract: A new hop plant named ‘HBC 1134’ is disclosed. ‘HBC 1134’ is used for its exceptional and unique aromatic qualities, and is suitable for beer flavoring.

Abstract: A new and distinct variety of Echinacea plant having an upright, very compact growth habit and numerous, magenta colored blooms.