Abstract: Process for the preparation of 2-perfluoropropoxy-perfluoropropionyl fluoride by dimerization of hexafluoropropene epoxide in aprotic polar medium, in the presence of N,N,N',N'-tetrasubstituted diaminodifluoromethane as catalyst, characterized in that the dimerization reaction is carried out in the presence of a co-catalyst constituted by a nitrogenous organic base having structure of aniline, or of pyridine, or of a derivative thereof, wherein the nitrogen atom is not linked to hydrogen atoms and, in the case of the pyridine-type structure, it is sterically hindered by substituent groups on ortho-position relatively to it.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water soluble vinyl monomer containing a vicinal diol group of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently methyl or ethyl; Y is oxygen or NH; X.sup.- is a halogen, sulfate, CH.sub.3 SO.sub.4.sup.- or C.sub.2 H.sub.3 SO.sub.4.sup.- or CH.sub.3 COO.sup.- and n is 2 or 3. Polymers containing the monomer when crosslinked in aqueous fluids form high viscosity gels which are stable at high temperatures and can be used in carrying out completion, stimulation, enhanced production and other treatments in subterranean formations.

Abstract: The invention relates to selected stereoisomers having the E, E or E, Z configuration and within the Formula (I) ##STR1## wherein N is 2-4, A is alkylene or 2 or 3 carbon atoms, R is phenyl or substituted phenyl and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are lower alkyl, or, together with the carbon to which attached, form a heterocyclic ring; and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, a process for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same.The compounds of the general formula (I) can be used in therapy due to their narcosis potentiating, analgesic and antiarrhythmial effect.

Abstract: A process for continuously preparing benzophenone-azines comprising oxidizing benzophenone-imines with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a copper halide catalyst is disclosed. The oxidation reaction is carried out in a multistage system under an oxygen partial pressure gradually decreasing from the former stage to the latter stage and at a conversion gradually decreasing from the former stage to the latter stage, while controlling the conversion so that the molar ratio of the benzophenone-imines to the copper halide in the final stage be maintained at 1 or more. By the process, the continuous reaction can stably be performed at a high conversion of the benzophenone-imines without involving insolubilization and sedimentation of the catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to benzamidine derivatives corresponding to the general formula ##STR1## in which: A represents a linear or branched alkyl chain containing from 3 to 9 carbon atoms; andX represents the oxygen atom or a direct bond, with the restriction that if X represents a direct bond, the benzamidine and the alkanol group are located in the para position, and also the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the products of the formula (I);it also relates to a process for the preparation of the products of the formula (I) and the drugs for external use which contain a product of the formula (I).

Abstract: 2,2,3-trifluoropropionyl fluoride is prepared by opening the ring of tetrafluorooxetane in the presence of a catalyst. Analogously, a novel 2,2-difluoropropionic acid derivative of the formula:XCH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 COY (I)wherein X is chlorine, bromine, iodine, a group of the formula:R.sub.1 O-- (II)orR.sub.2 COO-- (III)wherein R.sub.1 R.sub.2 are each an aliphaic or halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 8 carbon atoms optionally bearing at least one substituent, or a group of the formula:X'CH.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 O-- (IV)wherein X' is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, the group of the formula: R.sub.1 O--or R.sub.2 COO--; and Y is fluorine or a group of the formula:--OR.sub.3 (V)wherein R.sub.

Abstract: The invention concerns novel compounds of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkyl, acyl, alkylsulfonyl, benzenesulfonyl, substituted benzenesulfonyl, and an inorganic or organic cation;R.sup.2 is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, substituted alkyl, haloalkenyl and haloalkynyl;R.sup.3 is selected from alkyl, fluoroalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and phenyl; andn is an integer chosen from 2 to 5.The compounds are cereal selective herbicides and in further embodiments of the invention provides processes for the preparation of compounds of formula I, intermediates useful in the preparation of compounds of formula I, herbicidal compositions containing as active ingredient a compound of formula I, and processes for severely damaging or killing unwanted plants by applying to the plants or to the growth medium of the plants an effective amount of a compound of formula I.

Abstract: Novel fungicidally active benzaldoxime carbamates of the formula ##STR1## in which R is alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, halogenoalkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and 1 to 5 halogen atoms, cyanoalkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl part, tosyl, benzyl, cycloalkyl which has 5 to 7 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted by alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or phenyl which is optionally substituted by substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halogen, and halogenoalkoxy and halogenoalkyl each having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and 1 to 5 halogen atoms.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel method for producing phenylglycyl chloride hydrochlorides involving reaction of N-substituted phenylglycines with for example thionyl chloride and then gaseous hydrogen chloride, as well as certain novel starting materials for use in this process and certain end-products thereby produced.

Abstract: .alpha.-Substituted acrylic acid esters, their polymers and adhesives therefrom, and methods of synthesizing these compounds. The compounds of the invention are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of isocyanato esters and can be polymerized to form an effective, non-toxic adhesive. The method of the invention encompasses utilizing the adhesive composition in biomedical applications, such as joining live animal tissue. Other adhesive applications are contemplated for living tissue and inanimate objects. The compounds are also used as monomers which can be polymerized, used in conjunction with other monomers as adhesive compositions, cross-linking agents, dye acceptor additives to vinylic polymers and useful chemical intermediates. The method of the invention encompasses synthesizing the aformentioned monomers and intermediates. Methyl .alpha.-(ethoxycarbonamido)acrylate is synthesized from either DL-serine or methyl pyruvate.

Abstract: This invention consists of the production of a salt of acyl phosphate in an aqueous solution by a process which involves (1) acylation of phosphoric acid (H.sub.3 PO.sub.4) with an acid anhydride of the general formula RCOX, where R can be hydrogen or a lower alkyl or aryl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and X can be a leaving group of the general formula OR, OCOR, X or NR.sub.2, followed by (2a) extraction of acyl phosphate to water by treatment of the reaction mixture with an aqueous bicarbonate or hydroxide solution or other basic aqueous solution, if the reaction is carried out in non-aqueous solvent or (2b) in the case where water has been used as reaction solvent acidification with acid or acid form of a carbon exchange resin.

Abstract: Continuous manufacture of an alkane sulphonyl chloride by the action of chlorine on the dialkyl disulphide corresponding to the alkane, in the presence of water or an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution.Firstly, a fine emulsion of the dialkyl disulphide is prepared with water or with an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, after which the emulsion is treated with chlorine under constant agitation.Preferably, separation of the alkane sulphonyl chloride formed is effected in two different zones, the second of which operates under reduced pressure.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which; X represents a straight chain hydrocarbyl group containing from 8 to 17 carbon atoms;Y represents H or the group--CH.dbd.NOH, andZ represents H or the group--CH.dbd.NOH or the group--CPh.dbd.NOH,provided that at least one of Y and Z represents H; or such compound containing at least one electronegative substituent in the aromatic ring, may be prepared from anacardic acid and its analogues, and are useful for the extraction of copper from acidic aqueous solution. Cardanol, which has the formula ##STR2## where n=0, 2, 4 or 6 is recovered from cashew nut shell liquid containing cardol and other dihydric phenols by reacting the dihydric phenols in the CNSL with an aldehyde while leaving the cardanol substantially unreacted, and vacuum distilling the cardanol from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for decolorizing arylsulfonyl halides. The disclosed process decolorizes arylsulfonyl halides derived from the reaction of an arylsulfonic acid with a sulfur halide and a corresponding halogen. The resulting arylsulfonyl halide is contacted with a decolorizing agent and thereafter optionally dstilled. The decolorizing agent can be an oxidizing agent, for example, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, potassium permanganate, chlorine, nitric acid, and air in the presence of platinum on charcoal catalyst. The decolorizing agent can also be a reducing agent, e.g., dimethyl phosphite, trimethyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, hydrogen sulfide, sodium hypophosphite and red phosphorus. Additionally, the decolorizing agent can be a compound having at least one alkene linkage, e.g., polybutadiene, C.sub.14 -C.sub.30 alpha-olefins, and unsaturated vegetable oils.

Abstract: A compound of formula I ##STR1## in which formula: R.sub.a represents hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group, and R.sub.c represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group;R.sub.b represents a phenyl group, optionally substituted by a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group or halogen, a group of formula --CH.dbd.CR.sub.d R.sub.e in which R.sub.d and R.sub.e, which may be identical or different represent hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl groups or a group of formula --CH.dbd.NOR.sub.f in which R.sub.f represents hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group andRCOO represents a residue of an acid RCO.sub.2 H, which acid, or an ester-forming derivative of which acid, on reaction with .alpha.-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol or an ester forming derivative thereof, gives rise to an .alpha.-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl ester having pesticidal properties.

Abstract: A method of purifying an aromatic carboxylic acid halide, for example p-phenoxybenzoyl chloride, comprising the steps of: (a) adding an acidic catalyst, for example a molecular sieve, to the acid halide; (b) heating the resulting mixture of the acidic catalyst and the acid halide to a temperature of about 180.degree. C. to about 250.degree. C. for a period of at least 0.5 hours; (c) distilling the mixture to obtain acid halide substantially free of aldehyde and the halo derivative thereof. Optionally, a reactive aromatic compound may be added to the mixture of the acid halide and the acidic catalyst before the heating step. The process is particularly useful for providing aromatic acid halides of sufficient purity for preparing melt stable aromatic polyketones.

Abstract: The novel guanidine derivative compounds having a molecular structure consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon chain wherein the guanidino group ##STR1## is bonded with the primary carbon atoms existing at the both ends thereof, and having an amino group bonded with the center carbon atom of the molecular chain.These novel compounds can be effectively utilized as the fungicide possessing a high fungicidal activity against plant diseases without substantially imparting damage to the plants.

Abstract: Isoureas of the formula ##STR1## where X, Y and Z are each hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted phenoxy or unsubstituted or substituted arylalkoxy, R.sup.1 is alkyl, R.sup.2 is alkyl or methoxy and R.sup.3 is benzyl or is phenyl which can be monosubstituted or polysubstituted by alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, hydroxyl, nitro, alkoxycarbonylmethoxy, alkoxycarbonylethoxy or a radical--NH--R.sup.4, processes for their preparation, and their use for controlling undesirable plant growth.

Abstract: Discribed is a process for the preparation of C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkyl esters of C.sub.4 -C.sub.5 carboxylic acids defined according to the structure: ##STR1## by means of fermentation of one or more C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 amino acids defined according to the structure: ##STR2## in the presence of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alcohol according to the reaction: ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represent hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represents methyl and wherein R represents C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkyl and wherein R is the same as R'. Also described are the products produced according to such process as well as their organoleptic utilities for augmenting or enhancing the aroma or taste of consumable materials selected from the group consisting of perfume compositions, colognes, perfumed articles, foodstuffs, chewing gums, medicinal products, toothpastes, chewing tobaccos and smoking tobaccos.

Abstract: Substituted 2-[1-(oxyamino)alkylidene]-cyclohexane-1,3-diones have herbicidal activity against grassy weeds.