Abstract: Non-chlorinated, low alkalinity, high retention liquid hard surface cleaner concentrate and use solutions containing an amine oxide surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a hydrophobically modified polymer surfactant, a thinner, and alkali are provided, which form viscous solutions upon dilution and which in cleaning operations, are capable of producing gel-like foams. The composition synergistically exhibits exceptional cleaning performance without the need of chlorine or high levels of caustic.

Abstract: Cleaning compositions containing selected hydrogen-containing fluorochlorohydrocarbons, selected surface-active agents, and optional amounts of water and/or ammonia.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of converting aqueous surfactant mixtures, in particular aqueous pastes of surfactants with washing properties such as fatty-alcohol sulphates, in particular tallow alcohol sulphates and/or C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 fatty-alcohol sulphates, monosalts of sulphonic fatty-acid methyl esters and their di-salts, alkylglusoside compounds, etc., into concentrated granular material with a long shelf life by granulation. The aqueous surfactant mixture, which includes as a viscosity-control agent alkoxylates of mono- and/or polyhydric alcohols with 8-40 carbon atoms which have up to 20 ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide groups, is granulated together with fine-particulate water-soluble and/or water-insoluble solids compatible with washing and/or cleaning agents to give a free-running compound. At least part of the water content of the granular material thus produced is preferably then removed by drying, in particular in a fluidized bed.

Abstract: A process is provided for converting a heavy hydrocarbon oil into light hydrocarbon fuels by thermal cracking or hydrocracking, which comprises adding to about 100 parts by weight of the heavy hydrocarbon oil feedstock (A) about 0.1 to 50 parts by weight of a substance (B) which is a hydrogenated oil obtained by aromatic ring hydrogenation of about 430.degree.-600.degree. C. thermal-treated or cracked petroleum feedstock product oil boiling higher than about 200.degree. C. to hydrogenate abot 20 to 90% of the aromatic rings present.

Abstract: A particulate alkaline detergent contains an alkaline agent and an alkali perborate hydrate and/or an alkali carbonate peroxohydrate as bleaching agent. As a result of coating at least the alkaline agent or the bleaching agent with an alkyl glycoside or an alkyl glycamide, the detergent has a low tendency to caking as well as excellent cleaning capacity. The alkyl glycoside is a C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -alkyl glycoside having a degree of polymerization of 1-4, and the alkyl glycamide has formula (I), wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 is an alkyl group having 6-10 carbon atoms. A bleaching agent and an alkaline agent coated with the alkyl glycoside and/or the alkyl glycamide are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous based micellar solution in the form of a microemulsion which is an effective all-purpose cleaner and which has a flashpoint in excess of its boiling point which is typically greater than 212 degrees Fahrenheit.

Abstract: A catalyst contains at least one Group VIII metal and/or Group VIII metal oxide deposited on internal surfaces of a support which contains a sintered agglomerate substrate which is preferably coated with a hydrated metal oxide.

Abstract: Constant boiling azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions of ammonia and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, difluoromethane, pentafluoroethane or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane are disclosed that are useful as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes and as power cycle working fluids.

Abstract: The process of producing a detergent in the form of portioned pressings by extrusion of a homogeneous premix containing a plasticizer or lubricant into strands through a perforated die under a pressure of from about 25 to about 200 bar and forming compacted granules thereof, and then pressing the compacted granules into portioned pressings such as tablets.

Abstract: A method for improving the phase purity of a multiphase ceramic high temperature superconductor by selective microwave heating of undesired phases in a multiphase material to cause a phase transformation of the undesired phase to the desired phase. The selective microwave heating may be employed during initial firing and sintering of the ceramic superconductor compound or as a subsequent annealing step. Plane polarized microwave energy may be employed to enhance the two dimensional anisotropy of the compound by similar selective heating.

Abstract: Electrically conductive polymers, especially polypyrroles, are formed with a charged polymeric dopant supplying the necessary counter-ions to stabilise the charged conductive form of the conductive polymer. The physical properties of the conductive polymer can thus be usefully modified in ways different from those achieved by non-polymeric dopants or by forming the conductive polymers in pre-existing bodies of non dopant (i.e. uncharged) polymers.

Abstract: A solution for use in removing the double sided adhesive tape from mouldings used on motor vehicles and the like. The solution comprises (a) 50-94% by weight of a refined petroleum product which is a low boiling point distillate of paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic fractions, (b) 5-50% by weight of oil of turpentine, (c) 1-30% by weight of an oil based surface active agent, and (d) <1% by weight of one or more optional additives selected from deodorizing agents, perfumes, colourants, and inert liquid extenders.

Abstract: A liquid, non-aqueous cleaner composition that is well suited for removing finger nail polish, the composition comprising d-limonene, ethyl lactate, cetyl acetate, and optionally, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate.

Abstract: An aqueous degreasing composition which is free of silicates, chelates and inorganic phosphates and a method for degreasing metal substrates which are sensitive to these types of compositions. The composition of the present invention includes: an alkali builder constituent which contains no phosphates, silicates or chelates; and a nonionic surfactant effective amounts for removing oils from a substrate, a hydrotrope constituent in effective amounts for solubilizing the soils removed and for solubilizing the nonionic surfactant and an amphoteric surfactant in effective amounts for removing long chain soils from substrates and a salt of polymerized alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid as a dispersant with the remainder being water. In the method of the present invention, the above composition is diluted from about 1% to about 100% by volume with water to provide a desoiling solution. The solution is then heated to a temperature from about 100.degree. F. to about 200.degree. F.

Abstract: Disclosed are formulations for producing chemical solvent admixtures that can be employed to clean a surface for further work; and that can be applied to cloths for the cleaning operation yet alleviate problems with solvent evaporation into the atmosphere to cause many legal and environmental problems, and a method of storing and disposing of cloths soaked with the formulation that alleviates current problems.

Abstract: A liquid, non-aqueous cleaner composition that is well suited for removing finger nail polish, the composition comprising d-limonene, N-methyl pyrrolidone, dibasic ester, and cetyl acetate.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process and a composition for dyeing polymeric fibers which have limited dye sites and/or difficult to penetrate chemical structures. Briefly stated, the process comprises the steps of contacting polymeric fibers with a dye composition comprising a disperse dye and a swelling agent. The fibers in contact with said dye composition are then preferably heated to a temperature and for a time sufficient to effect dispersion of a portion of said dye into said polymeric fibers. Subsequently, the fibers are treated to remove residual dye composition.

Abstract: Stable azeotrope-like compositions of 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoropentane, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkanol and optionally nitromethane have been discovered which are useful as degreasing agents and as solvents in a variety of industrial cleaning applications including cold cleaning and defluxing of printed circuit boards and dry cleaning.

Abstract: To replace cleaning compositions based on 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (F113), the invention provides a composition comprising, by weight, 30 to 69% 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (F365-mfc), 30 to 60% methylene chloride and 1 to 10% methanol. These three compounds form a positive azeotrope (B.p.=32.1.degree. C. at normal pressure).The composition, optionally stabilized, can be used for the cleaning and/or the drying of solid surfaces, in particular for removing flux from printed circuits and for degreasing mechanical components.

Abstract: To replace cleaning compositions based on 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (F113), the invention provides a composition comprising, by weight, 30 to 70% 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane (F365-mfc) and 70 to 30% methylene chloride. These two compounds form a positive azeotrope (B.p.=33.6.degree. C. at normal pressure).The composition, optionally stabilized, can be used for the cleaning and/or the drying of solid surfaces, in particular for removing flux from printed circuits and for degreasing mechanical components.