Abstract: A metal air cell comprising a flexible, recloseable, pouch made of a gas-permeable, electrolyte-impermeable, material forming the cathode of the cell, a metal plate anode in the pouch, and spacers physically isolating the anode from the interior of the flexible pouch cathode, the spacers separating the anode and the cathode by a predetermined spacing. A plurality of such cells are preferably stacked into a multicell battery, and compressed in a harness to maintain proper anode-cathode spacing as the anode is consumed. The stack can be incorporated as a replaceable part of a larger power system including a circulatory system for circulating an electrolyte solution through the cells in the stack. A controller controls the circulatory system, particularly during start-up and shut-down, to achieve a fast start up, and an efficient shut down.

Abstract: Novel piperidine compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is e.g. hydrogen or methyl, n is e.g. 1 and A is e.g. --COR.sub.2 with R.sub.2 being C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl.The said compounds are effective as light stabilisers, heat stabilizers and oxidation stabilisers for organic materials.

Abstract: Protected phosphine oxides of formula X are useful intermediates for the preparation of tertiary phosphine oxides and acylphosphine oxide photoinitiators.

Abstract: In this method, one attaches one or more chelatant molecules to a mono- or polyamino intermediate compound which is temporarily immobilized on a solid phase by a splittable bond. Thereafter, said bond is split to release the desired conjugate moiety, whereby a reactive site is generated at the splitting site. The conjugate can be coupled to a protein homing factor using said reactive site; the latter being single per chelatant molecule, undesirable cross-linking during conjugation is substantially avoided.

Abstract: Alkyl glycidol ether/dithiophosphoric acid addition products corresponding to the following general formula:[R.sup.1 ]O[C(H)(H)][C(H)C(H)(H)(OH)(R.sup.4)] (I)in whichR.sup.4 =[(R.sup.2 O)(R.sup.3 O)]P(S)S,R.sup.1 . . . R.sup.3 =alkyl, aryl,a process for the production of the adducts from the corresponding dithiophosphoric acids and glycidol ethers and the use of the addition products as lubricant additives in lubricants based on mineral oils or native oils.

Abstract: A process for preparing a stabilized and deodorized organic polysulfide compound is provided which comprises contacting a crude polysulfide, in the presence of a solvent, optionally further in the presence of a basic compound, with a metal salt of an inorganic acid or a metal salt of an organic acid under conditions sufficient to produce the stabilized and deodorized polysulfide.

Abstract: A method of producing a high-purity triarylborane with high yield by reacting, in a solvent inert to the reaction product, a 1.0-8.0 mol/L boron halide solution with a 0.1-3.0 mol/L aryl magnesium halide solution in a straight chain ether solvent, where the molar ratio of aryl magnesium halide to boron trihalide is 3.1-3.5 to 1.0, respectively, and then the straight chain ether solvent is distilled from the reaction mixture. Distillation crystallizes out the halogenated magnesium salt which is produced as a by-product, increasing the recovery rate of the product.

Abstract: Production of ketene dimers from fatty acid halides by reaction with tertiary amines whereby the tertiary amine is used both as a reactant and as a solvent/diluent. In the process at least 1.15 moles of tertiary amine is used per mole of fatty acid halide and the process is carried out in the substantial absence of an additional solvent, whereby the produced ketene dimer is obtained by stripping of the tertiary amine followed by separation of formed crystals of tertiary amine hydrogen halide by acid extraction.

Abstract: High purity 2,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfones useful as developers for thermal recording paper can be produced efficiently and with high selectivity by reacting one or more phenols and sulfuric acid in the presence as of at least one of phosphonic acid, phosphinic acid and salts thereof, in the absence of a solvent or in the presence of an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent having a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of 130.degree. to 200.degree. C., and then purifying the thus-produced crude 2,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfones using a mixed solvent containing (1) 5 to 20 weight % of at least one lower aliphatic alcohol and 95 to 80 weight % of at least one aromatic hydrocarbon which does not contain halogen, (2) 10 to 40 weight % of at least one ketone and 90 to 60 weight % of at least one aromatic hydrocarbon which does not contain halogen or (3) 10 to 40 weight % of at least one ester of acetic acid and 90 to 60 weight % of at least one aromatic hydrocarbon which does not contain halogen.

Abstract: Nitrophenyl alkyl ethers can be advantageously prepared by reacting a nitrophenol with an alkyl halide in water as the reaction medium in such a manner that the nitrophenol is laid before with the water and the alkyl halide and a hydrogen halide-binding compound are then added simultaneously.

Abstract: Ketals of longer-chain or branched alcohols are prepared from dimethyl ketals or their ketones by reaction of the dimethyl ketals and the alcohols at high temperatures of 150.degree. to 180.degree. C. in the presence of acid catalysts. The enol ethers and mixed ketals which are separated by distillation are added to the next reaction batch and also react to form the target product. The starting material, dimethyl ketal, may also be formed during the reaction from the ketone and trimethyl orthoformate.

Abstract: A process for preparing an optically active 2-aminopropanal through oxidative cleavage of the corresponding optically active 3-amino-1,2-butanediol of the following formula (2): ##STR1## wherein R1 is a hydrocarbon group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are each a hydrogen atom, or separately or together represent an N-protecting group; and the configuration at the *1 position is S or R. An optically active 2-aminopropanal of high purity can be obtained in a high yield by the process.

Abstract: Fused heterocyclic compounds of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an optionally substituted hydrocarbon residue which may be attached through a hetero atom; R.sup.2 is a group capable of forming an anion or a group convertible thereinto; R.sup.3 is an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon or heterocyclic residue which contains at least one hetero atom; X is a direct bond or a spacer having an atomic length of two or less between the R.sup.

Abstract: Alkylphenyl alkyl ethers or alkylphenyl alkyl thioethers, of the formula ##STR1## where U represents O or S; and R.sub.1 -R.sub.6 each independently represent an alkyl or aryl group with 1-6 C atoms, but R.sub.1 -R.sub.5 may each independently represent a functional group other than these, particularly --COOR (R=C.sub.1-4 alkyl), --NO.sub.2, --NH.sub.2, --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --OH, --OH, --CHO, --H, or -halogen;R.sub.1 -R.sub.5 may be bridged by suitable bifunctional substituents, such as, e.g., --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --, or --(CH.sub.2).sub.x --Z--(CH.sub.2).sub.y -- (where Z represents a hetero atom; x=0-7 and y=0-7), or by unsaturated substituents or anellated ring systems; may be produced in high space-time yield by reacting the corresponding phenol or thiophenol with a arylalkyl carbonate at a temperature of 70.degree.-300.degree. C. under elevated or normal pressure, in the presence of a monocyclic, bicyclic, polycyclic, or acyclic amidine as a catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel tetramethylpiperidine compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which X and Y are e.g. a group of the formula (IIa) or (IIb) ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are e.g. hydrogen or methyl. The said compounds are effective stabilizers for organic materials, in particular synthetic polymers, against the action of light, heat and oxidation.

Abstract: Free radical deactivating 4- or 1,4-substituted, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidines are condensed with UV absorbing cinnamic acids or benzoic acids or benzoazols or benzophenones to produce skin anti-aging compounds and compositions which have both free radical deactivation and UV absorbing properties.

Abstract: A process for preparing N,N-substituted carbamoyl halides comprising (a) contacting carbon dioxide and a secondary amine in the presence of an aprotic organic solvent and a base selected from the group consisting of a phosphazene compound, an organic, nitrogenous base, mixtures of pyridine and a phosphazene compound or an organic, nitrogenous base, and mixtures thereof, to produce the corresponding ammonium carbamate salt, and (b) reacting the ammonium carbamate salt with a halide-containing electrophilic compound to produce the corresponding N,N-substituted carbamoyl halides. A second embodiment comprises recovering the ammonium carbamate salt of step (a) prior to reacting the ammonium carbamate salt with an halide-containing electrophilic compound in the presence of an aprotic organic solvent and a base selected from the group consisting of a phosphazene compound, an organic, nitrogenous base, mixtures of pyridine and a phosphazene compound or an organic, nitrogenous base, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Compound of the formula ##STR1## where R is CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.m, A and B are hydrogen, a bond or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n,X is ##STR2## m is 0, 1 , 2 or 3, n is 1 , 2, or 3, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, andY is --OH, --OR.sub.2 or --NR.sub.3 R.sub.4where R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen or unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, aryl and aralkyl substituents.

Abstract: The specification discloses a method of treating a human or animal patient suffering from a pain syndrome secondary to nerve injury comprising daily administration to such patient of from about 0.4 milligrams to about 2.0 milligrams of the opiate-receptor antagonist naloxone for a treatment period of from around 3 months to around 12 months, depending upon the patient's needs. Delivery is preferably at or near the nerve injury site by a number of conventional injection methods.

Abstract: A method for preventing or reducing restenosis wherein a 27-hydroxycholesterol or a 25,26 and/or 27-aminocholesterol, or a sterol 27-hydroxylase stimulant is administered in a restenosis preventing and/or reducing amount.