Abstract: Elongated electrically-conductive workpieces such as bars, strips and wire, are resistance heated by passing an electric current through a length of the workpiece between a pair of spaced contacts. The contacts are electrically-conductive molten metal or molten salt, the molten material being continuously circulated to move it toward and into contact with the workpiece, so that it is not necessary to bend the workpiece to immerse it in a bath of molten material. The molten material is moved against the workpiece to form an extending portion of the molten material as a contact, by projecting it as a jet, pouring it as a stream, or causing it to flow over a subjacent supporting surface.

Abstract: A process for the electric arc welding of cast iron, specifically white cast iron, is provided which comprises electrically applying to the cast iron to be welded, at welding temperatures, a welding material obtained by melting a welding rod containing, by weight, from about 2.30 to about 3.00 percent carbon, from about 0.03 to about 0.06 percent chromium, from about 0.01 to about 0.04 percent nickel, about 0.01 percent molybdenum, from about 0.82 to about 0.90 percent manganese, from about 0.023 to about 0.032 percent sulphur, from about 0.103 to about 0.115 percent phosphorus, about 2.64 percent silicon, with the balance being iron plus incidental impurities, with the welding rod having a low hydrogen flux.

Abstract: A process for the electric arc welding of cast iron, specifically malleable cast iron, is provided which comprises electrically applying to the cast iron to be welded, at welding temperatures, a welding material obtained by simultaneously melting a first and a second welding rod; the first welding rod containing, by weight, about 0.085 to about 0.095 percent carbon, about 0.0285 to about 0.0315 percent chromium, about 0.0095 to about 0.0105 percent nickel, about 0.0095 to about 0.0105 percent molybdenum, about 0.618 to about 0.672 percent manganese, about 0.01615 to about 0.01785 percent sulphur, about 0.01805 to about 0.01995 percent phosphorus, about 2.50 percent silicon, with the balance being iron plus incidental impurities, the first welding rod being provided with a low hydrogen fluxing material; the second welding rod containing, by weight, from about 1.40 to about 2.20 percent carbon, about 0.04 percent chromium, from about 0.60 to about 1.00 percent nickel, about 0.

Abstract: A process for the electric arc welding of cast iron, specifically ductile cast iron, is provided which comprises electrically applying to the cast iron to be welded, at welding temperatures, a welding material obtained by simultaneously melting a first and a second welding rod; the first welding rod containing, by weight, about 0.085 to about 0.095 percent carbon, about 0.0285 to about 0.0315 percent chromium, about 0.0095 to about 0.0105 percent nickel, about 0.0095 to about 0.0105 percent molybdenum, about 0.618 to about 0.672 percent manganese, about 0.01615 to about 0.01785 percent sulphur, about 0.01805 to about 0.01995 percent phosphorus, about 2.50 percent silicon, with the balance being iron plus incidental impurities, the first welding rod being provided with a low hydrogen fluxing material; the second welding rod containing, by weight, about 2.85 percent carbon, about 0.01 percent chromium, about 0.10 percent nickel, about 0.05 percent molybdenum, about 0.50 percent manganese, about 0.

Abstract: A process for the electric arc welding of cast iron, specifically white cast iron, is provided which comprises electrically applying to the cast iron to be welded, at welding temperatures, a welding material obtained by simultaneously melting a first and a second welding rod; the first welding rod containing, by weight, about 0.085 to about 0.095 percent carbon, about 0.0285 to about 0.0315 percent chromium, about 0.0095 to about 0.0105 percent nickel, about 0.0095 to about 0.0105 percent molybdenum, about 0.618 to about 0.672 percent manganese, about 0.01615 to about 0.01785 percent sulphur, about 0.01805 to about 0.01995 percent phosphorus, about 2.50 percent silicon, with the balance being iron plus incidental impurities, the first welding rod being provided with a low hydrogen fluxing material; the second welding rod containing, by weight, from about 2.35 to about 2.75 percent carbon, from about 0.01 to about 0.03 percent chromium, from about 0.20 to about 0.50 percent nickel, from about 0.08 to about 0.

Abstract: A process for the electric arc welding of cast iron, specifically gray cast iron, is provided which comprises electrically applying to the cast iron to be welded, at welding temperatures, a welding material obtained by simultaneously melting a first and a second welding rod; the first welding rod containing, by weight, about 0.085 to about 0.095 percent carbon, about 0.0285 to about 0.0315 percent chromium, about 0.0095 to about 0.0105 percent nickel, about 0.0095 to about 0.0105 percent molybdenum, about 0.618 to about 0.672 percent manganese, about 0.01615 to about 0.01785 percent sulphur, about 0.01805 to about 0.01995 phosphorus, about 2.50 percent silicon, with the balance being iron plus incidental impurities, the first welding rod being provided with a low hydrogen fluxing material; the second welding rod containing, by weight, from about 2.60 to about 2.85 percent carbon, about 0.01 percent chromium, from about 0.10 to about 0.30 percent nickel, from about 0.05 to about 0.

Abstract: A continuous welder automatically moves from one joint to the next along a pipeline of pipes to be welded together, and automatically adapts to pipes of different diameter. At each joint, a wire-fed welding nozzle revolves around the pipes to weld the pipes together, the welding nozzle making a root pass, an overlap pass, and a wash pass, to complete a permanent weld at the joint. During each pass the welding nozzle is oscillated in a different path by selectable oscillating apparatus therefor, the particular oscillating apparatus utilized being automatically changed on each pass. The welding nozzle revolves around the pipes under the power of rotating planetary gear sets which are engaged with mounting rings for the gear sets.

Abstract: Welding apparatus comprising a power and gas transmission cable having coupling means including normally closed valve means for controlling passage of gas from said cable, a first welding torch including a gas passage and having first torch coupling means adapted for connection to said cable coupling means, said torch coupling means including means for opening said valve means with said first torch and cable coupling means connected, and a second welding torch having second torch coupling means adapted for connection to said cable coupling means, said second torch coupling means adapted to maintain said valve means closed with said second torch and cable coupling means connected.

Abstract: A method of and means for making metallic bonds to powdered metal parts by brazing techniques is disclosed in which the braze material is heated to brazing temperature by a laser beam. Techniques for insuring a reliable bond without excessive absorption of braze material by the powdered metal parts are described.

Abstract: Contact beads of noble metal are welded to a substrate of less corrosion-resistant metal in an apparatus in which one electrode formed with a receptacle is moved cyclically between a welding position adjacent another, stationary electrode and a remote feeding position. A gap between the electrodes receives the substrate, and blanks of contact bead material are fed into the laterally open receptacle through a stationary guide aligned with the receptacle in the feeding position of the movable electrode in a direction transverse to the direction of electrode movement.

Abstract: A method of welding aluminum to aluminum by thermal resistance welding, providing good electrical and mechanical characteristics. The method uses special electrodes for thermal heat that are hard and have a high electrical resistance, such as molybdenum or tungsten alloy and also relies on the aluminum oxide coating on the aluminum to provide the desired resistance heating of the aluminum to cause welding of the aluminum material. The machine disclosed provides a means for securing aluminum leads to the start and finish end of an aluminum winding automatically and simultaneously.

Abstract: A method of preventing base metal end cracks in arc welding characterized by the adaptation of an end tab having three protuberant portions on its end contacting the base metal, wherein the protuberant portions at both ends of the end tab are positioned in abutment on the parts of the base metal which are on both sides of the groove line where the welding arc and the weld metal are not directly contacted, while the protuberant portion in the center is positioned on an extension of the groove line, and welding is carried out with the end tab secured to the welding end of the base metal.

Abstract: A holder for a consumable electrode used to cut metal by means of an electric arc is disclosed. The holder has an elongated barrel for containing the electrode and a pistol grip depending from the barrel for supplying electrical energy to the electrode. The exposed length of the electrode can be adjusted by a ram which slides in the barrel behind the electrode and which cooperates with clamping means actuated by a trigger on the pistol grip to secure the electrode at any adjusted length. Compressed air and electrical energy are supplied to the base of the pistol grip and are respectively communicated to a nozzle at the front end of the barrel and to the electrode. The nozzle is mounted for rotation relative to the electrode and has orifices for ejecting the air along any desired side of the electrode. Manifold means in the nozzle insures a continuous supply of compressed air to the orifices irrespective of the angular position of the nozzle.

Abstract: There is disclosed a sliding surface working method using wire-explosion spray coating according to which the inner surface of an aluminium alloy cylinder is wire-explosion spray coated using a molybdenum wire, molybdenum-tungsten alloy wire, or tungsten wire. Next, the inner surface is alternately and repeatedly wire-explosion spray coated by alternately wire-explosion spraying a carbon steel wire and a wire of a material having good seizure resistance and wear resistance characteristics. Finally, the inner surface thus coated is ground and finished.

Abstract: In a method of making a resistance welding electrode of the type having a copper or copper-base alloy body member and a coating on a surface portion of the body member, the coating defining an outer work-contacting surface of the electrode, and the coating being of a material selected from the group consisting of nickel, berylium, cobalt, iron and high melting point alloys of the foregoing, the improvement wherein the coated surface portion of the body member is shot-peened prior to coating.

Abstract: A method of welding corner joints by means of a multiple electrode submerged-arc welding and adapted to be utilized for the manufacture of a hollow square steel pillar and the like structural frameworks is disclosed. The method of welding is effected under the following three conditions:1. The distance between first and second electrodes is 30 to 80 mm,2. The current flowing through the second electrode is 60 to 85% of the current flowing through the first electrode, and3. The welding heat input H is given byH .ltoreq. 24d.t KJoule/cmwhere t is a thickness of a steel flange plate in cm and d is a required penetration depth in cm, whereby a weld bead is completed by a single pass of welding.

Abstract: Orbital welding apparatus in which wire is fed to the welding zone by wire feed mechanism operable by differential rotation of two one-piece U-shape drive members operable at different speeds, one member carrying a welding electrode and the wire feed mechanism.Both drive members have openings allowing entry of tube to be welded. The apparatus permits orbital welding of very closely spaced tubes without using a wire feed drive motor mounted on the rotatable assembly. Both TIG or MIG arc welding methods may be performed by the invention, or any method involving the feeding of wire into the weld zone.

Abstract: The arc heater of this invention is characterized by a pair of axially spaced substantially cylindrical electrodes which form a narrow gap between adjacent ends thereof. The gap communicates between a peripheral plenum chamber and the arc chamber formed by the electrodes, and the gap is included inwardly and downwardly toward the outlet end of the arc chamber in order to prevent solid particles from entering and clogging the gap as the particles travel through the arc chamber. The arc heater also includes a third cylindrical electrode disposed at the inlet end of the arc chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for and method of welding aluminum members substantially vertically is provided wherein a groove-defining surface is formed on each of the members and such members are positioned adjacent each other with the groove-defining surfaces cooperating to define a substantially vertically extending groove. A gas-metal arc torch having a consumable electrode and means for supplying a shielding gas therearound is placed with the electrode in the groove, whereupon a welding arc is generated and the torch is moved substantially vertically along the groove while holding the torch at a backhand torch angle. The consumable electrode and shielding gas are fed at predetermined rates therefor while moving the torch and welding arc substantially vertically along the groove to produce weld metal in the groove having an outside oxide support skin and the oxide support skin is the only support required for the weld metal during its solidification.

Abstract: Small electrical resistors, such as are used in circuits of comparatively low power, are automatically fabricated on a winding machine including a chuck assembly for facilitating the start and finish of a winding operation. The chuck assembly consists of a first jaw rotatably mounted with respect to a second jaw from a wire receiving position to a wire gripping position. The chuck is closed to grip a resistance wire at the start of a winding operation and an automatic welder operates to weld the wire to a metallic terminal cap positioned at one end of a resistor core. Upon completion of the welding operation, the jaws of the chuck assembly are opened and a winding head operates to rotate the resistor core to begin a winding operation. The winding operation continues for a preset number of turns at which time the jaws of the chuck assembly are moved to a closed position to clamp the resistance wire.