Abstract: A viscosity modifier for lubricating oils or an additive composition for lubricating oils, which is excellent in oil-thickening properties and can provide lubricating oil compositions excellent in low-temperature characteristics and handleability at low temperatures; and lubricating oil compositions excellent in low-temperature characteristics and handleability at low temperatures.

Abstract: A rust preventive package to contain a bearing used for a machine tool includes a lubricant oil which is used when the bearing is operated, a vaporizable rust preventive sheet wrapped around the bearing, and a box. A method of packaging a bearing used in a machine tool includes applying a lubricant oil which is used when the bearing is operated and wrapping a vaporizable rust preventive sheet around the bearing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fuel additive composition, and more particularly, to the fuel additive composition comprising hydrogen peroxide, silicate, borax, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and water. When the fuel additive composition of the present invention is added to fuels such as coal, oil, gas and etc., it stimulates fuel combustion, induces the complete combustion of fuel, and increases the heat transfer by preventing clinker formation and fouling in combustion apparatus. In particular, when the fuel additive composition is added to the coal, it increases a pulverizing efficiency in pre-treatment process, thereby facilitating supply of the coal to combustion apparatus advantageously.

Abstract: Combustible packages for containing a fuel source and a fire started are provided. A combustible package may include a cardboard outer wall and top and bottom lids for substantially closing top and bottom openings defined by the outer wall. Each lid may define a central panel for extending across an opening and a plurality of tabs for facilitating a press fit between the lids and the outer wall. Each lid may also define a central opening for receiving an end of a fire starter. The fire starter may be wound paper tube impregnated with an accelerant. The fuel source may be a plurality of charcoal briquettes contained between the outer wall, the top and bottom lids and the fire starter. The outer wall may define one or more ventilation openings between the bottom edge and the bottom lid. Or the bottom edge may be scalloped to provide ventilation openings.

Abstract: There is provided a lubricant composition which includes: a first particle having a spherical shape having a diameter of 1 to 300 nm, having a Mohs hardness of 5 or more, at an amount of 0.01 to 40 weight %; and a second particle, having a diameter of 500 nm to 50 ?m, having a Brinell hardness of 17 HB or less, at an amount of 0.01 to 40 weight %. The lubricant composition can form a bearing structure when the lubricant composition is subjected to an extreme pressure. The second particles are deformed into a retainer for the first particle.

Abstract: An additive mixture as component of a composition of mineral oil as main component and trace portions of an additive mixture containing the additive components a) ethylene-vinylester copolymers modified by polar groups with molecular mass weight averages from 3000 to 50000 and an ethylene component of 50 to 90 mass %, and b) C2-C6-oxyalkyl-bridged C12-C40-monocarboxylic acids, and/or c) partially and/or completely imidated copolymers of unsaturated C4-C20-dicarboxylic acid anhydrides and vinyl aromatics and/or C2-C36-?-olefins, whereby the content of the additive mixture in the mineral is 0.005 to 1 mass %. The compositions are suitable as flowable media to be transported at low temperatures and as mineral oil fuels with high lubricity and flowability.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor composition for a fuel, comprising a plurality of nanoparticles formed of an inorganic composition having an average longest dimension of 1 nanometer to 100 nanometers, wherein the inorganic active composition is insoluble in the fuel and is adapted to react with a corrosion causing contaminant.

Abstract: A method for forming compressed matter structures suitable as a fuel source comprising producing a glycerine-rich binding agent by a method comprising (i) providing a feedstock, (ii) mixing the feedstock with an alcohol and a catalyst to form a reaction product, (iii) obtaining a glycerine-rich phase from the reaction product; providing a carbon-containing material; adding an effective amount of the glycerine-rich phase to the carbon-containing material to form a mixture; and forming compressed material from the mixture. Also provided is a compressed structure produced by the method.

Abstract: Benzene and xylene are described having a unique distribution of deuterium and 13C such that ?(deuterium) for each of the benzene and xylene is less than ?250 and ?(13C) for the benzene is greater than ?36 and for xylene is less than ?24, wherein ?(deuterium)=(R?sample/R?standard?1)×1000 where R?sample is the ratio of deuterium to hydrogen in the benzene/xylene; and R?standard is the ratio of the natural abundance of deuterium to the natural abundance of hydrogen; and wherein ?(13C)=(R?sample/R?standard?1)×1000 where R?sample is the ratio of 13C to 12C in the benzene/xylene; and R?standard is the ratio of the natural abundance of 13C to the natural abundance of 12C.

Abstract: A method of recovering hydrocarbon or synthetic base oils from used oil-based drilling mud utilizes acid to deactivate emulsifiers in the drilling mud for altering the emulsion stability and permitting removal of the solids contained in the drilling mud using conventional separation such as centrifugation. A surfactant is typically added to prevent water-wetting as a result of the addition of the acid. The recovered base oil contains substantially all of the deactivated emulsifiers, which can be reactivated through the addition of lime, allowing new drilling fluids to be prepared without the need to add significant amounts of emulsifier to the recycled base oil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing 2-alkylpolyisobutenylphenols and their Mannich adducts, to compositions obtainable by this process and to their use.

Abstract: A lubricant composition contains poly-?-olefin oil having a kinematic viscosity of 1500 to 13000 mm 2/s (40° C.) as a base oil and from 45 to 50% by weight of a thickener composed of polytetrafluoroethylene. The lubricant composition may be used for lubricating an expandable shaft having a pair of shaft members filled with the lubricant composition to prevent stick-slip from occurring when a high surface pressure is applied thereto, thereby allowing consistent maintenance of good lubricating performance. Such an expandable shaft may be incorporated advantageously into a steering system as an intermediate shaft into an area between a steering shaft and a rack-and-pinion mechanism.

Abstract: The passage of a container along a conveyor is lubricated by applying to the container or conveyor a composition comprising a water-miscible silicone material wherein the composition comprises a stoichiometric amount of an organic acid. The compatibility of the lubricating composition with polyethylene terephthalate is increased because of the presence of a stoichiometric amount of acid.

Abstract: A method of reducing wear in a cutting head of a tunnel boring machine, by means of the addition at the cutting head of a foamed aqueous liquid composition, which comprises a foaming agent and a lubricant, the lubricant being selected from the group consisting of high molecular weight polyethylene oxides and bentonite. Preferred foaming agents are anionic and nonionic surfactants. Wear rates of cutting elements of TBMs boring in hard rock are considerably reduced. A wear-reducing foamable concentrate is also described.

Abstract: This invention relates to oil refining, more particularly to a composition of a heavy fuel oil for use in marine power units and boiler plants. The fuel comprises, in percent by weight: an extract from the selective extraction of gas oil—(3-5), heavy catalytic cracking gas oil—(3-10), vacuum gas oil—(5-10), tar or topped residuum—(3-10), straight-run black oil—(10-20), viscosity breaking residue of heavy oil fractions—the rest. The selected combination of the components and their ratio may for example, result in a stable heavy fuel oil having improved viscosity properties. The inclusion of the above components into the fuel composition may also make it possible to expand the production of heavy fuel oils produced.

Abstract: A fuel additive that provides increased fuel efficiency, while at the same time reduces harmful emissions from combustion engines. The fuel additive is a combination of a synthetic oil blend, ethyl acetate and acetone. In one particular implementation, the amount of acetone is equal to at least 10% of an overall volume of the additive.

Abstract: A novel reaction product and method for making the reaction product. The reaction product is a copolymer obtained by reacting together i) an acylated alkylacrylate copolymer having a number average molecular weight ranging from about 5,000 to about 500,000; ii) a hydrocarbyl acylating agent having a number average molecular weight ranging from about 500 to about 5000; and iii) a compound selected from the group consisting of (a) a polyamine; (b) a polyol; and (c) an aminoalcohol to provide a functionalized polyalkylacrylate copolymer. According to the reaction, a mole ratio of component (i) to (ii) ranges from about 1:10 to about 5:1.

Abstract: The invention relates to oil refining, more particularly to a composition of a light fuel oil for use in medium-speed diesel engines of marine power units. The inventive light fuel oil comprises, in % by wt.: black oil—(4-10), tar—(2-10), light catalytic cracking gas oil—(10-30), heavy catalytic cracking gas oil—(5-10), a straight-run diesel fuel—(8-10), a viscosity breaking residuum of a heavy oil fraction—the rest. The selected component ratio will enable to improve the fuel stability in transportation and storage, expand the range of available fuels and increase the production volumes of quality fuels, while rationally using poor-quality products readily available at refineries.

Abstract: Synthesis methods are provided using electro-chemical catalysis. In one method, diesel fuel is made by (1) flowing a mixture of a triglyceride source and an alcohol through a high voltage electrical field, effective to convert the triglyceride into saturated mono alkyl esters; and (2) adding the saturated mono alkyl esters to a petroleum-derived diesel fuel to form a diesel fuel blend. In another method, a high temperature, oxidatively stable lubricant is made by (1) flowing a renewable oil including unsaturated fatty acids through a high voltage electrical field effective to convert the unsaturated fatty acids into saturated fatty acids; and (2) adding one or more functional additives to the saturated fatty acid-containing renewable oil to form a synthetic lubricant. In another method, ethanol is made by flowing a liquid which comprises a simple sugar through a high voltage electrical field effective to convert the sugar into ethanol without fermentation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are reaction products of an acidic organic compound, a boron compound, and an alkoxylated amine and/or alkoxylated amide. Also disclosed are lubricating oil compositions and fuel compositions containing the reaction products.