Abstract: A throttle valve device includes a coil spring arranged in a body between a valve gear and a valve and having a spring end extending radially outward. A first guide covers an end of the coil spring and includes a first guide hook that contacts the spring end. A body hook in the body is capable of contacting a tip end part of the first guide hook. A valve gear hook in the valve gear is capable of contacting a base end part of the first guide hook. The first guide hook has a protrusion protruding toward the spring end between the tip end part and the base end part. The first guide hook is deformable by receiving the spring force at the protrusion as an effort while a fulcrum is at a contact between the first guide hook and the body hook or the valve gear hook.

Abstract: A pressure control valve for controlling or regulating a pressure of a compressed fluid in a pilot pressure chamber includes a valve housing with at least one inlet which is fluidically connectable to the pilot pressure chamber, at least one outlet, a tappet mounted in the valve housing to be moved along a longitudinal axis by means of an actuation device that can be energized, and a first seal element which is mounted in the valve housing to move along the longitudinal axis and which is preloaded into a closed position by means of a first spring. The first seal element rests against a first valve seat in the closed position. The first seal element has a passage through which the compressed fluid can flow. A second seal element is secured to the tappet and can be moved by the energization of the actuation device.

Abstract: The Method and Apparatus of Predicting MAF Sensor Information includes training multiple candidate Artificial Neural Network (ANN) architectures using training data, and then selecting an ANN architecture from the candidates using an automated ANN architecture selection algorithm and testing data. An intelligent engine intake MAF prediction or estimation system using the selected ANN architecture then provides an engine intake Mass Air Flow (MAF) output variable, which is used along with the output of a hot-wire type engine intake MAF sensor. The system is deployed into the engine controller. The training and testing sets of data include input variables from engine sensors and/or actuators that relate to engine intake MAF, and may be acquired by testing a target engine. Selecting the optimal ANN architecture may be based on Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) analysis using the automated ANN architecture algorithm and the training set of data.

Abstract: In a turning system for a vehicle, a toe angle change is acquired based on an estimated stroke which is a stroke of a suspension which is estimated based on a moving state of a vehicle and an actual stroke which is an actual stroke of the suspension detected by a stroke sensor, and control of a turning angle of a vehicle wheel is performed based on the acquired toe angle change. Accordingly, it is possible to appropriately perform control of a turning angle even in travel.

Abstract: A vehicle system includes an engine, a transmission, an exhaust system, an adjustable valve, a sensor, and a controller. The engine is configured to propel a vehicle. The transmission is configured to transfer power from the engine to at least one drive wheel. The exhaust system is configured to route exhaust away from the engine. The exhaust system has a catalyst and an outlet. The adjustable valve is disposed within the exhaust system proximate to the outlet. The sensor is configured to observe human gestures. The controller is programmed to receive signals from the sensor indicative of the human gestures while the transmission is in a parked gear. The controller is further programmed to, in response to the sensor observing a first human gesture, increase an operating speed of the engine or adjust the valve to increase a noise output from the outlet of the exhaust system.

Abstract: A supplemental fuel system includes a supplemental fuel tank, an electronic lock off valve, a temperature sensor, and a controller. The supplemental fuel tank is configured to store a supplemental fuel. The supplemental fuel is configured to supplement a primary fuel used by an engine. The electronic lock off valve is configured to be positioned between the supplemental fuel tank and an air supply system for the engine. The temperature sensor is configured to acquire temperature data regarding a temperature of exhaust gas output by the engine. The controller is configured to control the electronic lock off valve such that the electronic lock off valve is (i) closed in response to the temperature being greater than a temperature threshold and (ii) open or openable in response to the temperature being less than the temperature threshold.

Abstract: A lance injector assembly for an exhaust component includes: a shaft configured to extend into an exhaust conduit of the exhaust component, the shaft being hollow so as to define a channel therethrough, wherein an opening is defined in a wall of the shaft proximate to a second end of the shaft that is opposite the first end; a cap coupled to a first end of the shaft; and a supply line disposed within the channel defined by the shaft, wherein a nozzle is disposed at a downstream end of the supply line, the nozzle being fluidly coupled to the shaft around the opening such that reductant is able to flow from the nozzle through the opening and into an exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust conduit. Air is present in the space between the supply line and the wall of the shaft, the air inhibiting heat transfer to the supply line.

Abstract: A vehicle traction device having at least one energy storage component; at least one traction component; at least one acceleration sensor including a pressure sensor, a motion sensor, a gyroscopic sensor, an accelerometer, and/or a piezoelectric sensor; and at least one deceleration sensor including a pressure sensor, a motion sensor, a gyroscopic sensor, an accelerometer, and/or a piezoelectric sensor. The at least one acceleration/deceleration sensor is responsive to an operator input, and when the operator input is applied to the at least one acceleration/deceleration sensor, the energy traction device is signaled to transfer energy from the at least one energy storage component to the forward propulsion of the vehicle, or vice versa, using the at least one traction component. The vehicle traction device may be incorporated into, for example, a wheel, a motor, and/or a transmission.

Abstract: The portable engine starter for vehicle racing may be an electromechanical structure configured for use with an engine in a vehicle. As a non-limiting example, the engine may be a combustion engine. The portable engine starter may detachably couple to the engine and may be operable to start the engine. The rotation of a starting motor located within the portable engine starter may provide the motive forces used to start the engine in the vehicle. The portable engine starter may be an independently powered structure. The portable engine starter may include a housing, the starting motor, and a power circuit. The housing may enclose the starting motor and the power circuit. The power circuit may electrically connect to the starting motor. The portable engine starter may be detached from the vehicle once the engine of the vehicle is started.

Abstract: A powertrain system may determine a power distribution for one or more power sources of a vehicle. The powertrain system may be coupled to a perception system that may provide perception data indicating a scenario, situation, or environment that has been encountered by the vehicle. The powertrain system may include machine learning model that may generate the power distribution based on one or more of the perception data and a power request.

Abstract: Provided is an engine working apparatus capable of smoothly decelerating an engine. The engine working apparatus includes: an internal combustion engine including a piston reciprocally movable in a cylinder and a combustion chamber defined by the piston; an ignition plug configured to ignite air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber; a detector configured to detect a rotation number of the internal combustion engine; and a controller configured to control an ignition timing of the ignition plug based on the detected rotation number, execute feedback control of determining the ignition timing based on a deviation between a target rotation number and the detected rotation number, and to execute the feedback control when the detected rotation number satisfies a predetermined deceleration condition.

Abstract: A method of producing a throttle device includes setting an angle between a fully closed position and a default position to a predetermined angle by processing at least one of a gear-side fully closed position stopper on a throttle gear, a body-side fully closed position stopper on a throttle body, a default position defining member, a body-side engaging portion of the throttle body, or a gear-side engaging portion of the throttle gear.

Abstract: A generator of air/oil mist includes an accumulation chamber for a mist of particles of oil in air, and equipped with a first mist outlet and a nebulizer feeding into the accumulation chamber, the nebulizer including a first nozzle supplied with pressurised air, which features at least a first channel supplied with the pressurised air, each channel being equipped with an outlet on a surface of the first nozzle partially defining a first chamber axially symmetrical with respect to an axis, the channels being positioned to generate a rotation of the air fed into the first chamber around the said axis, the surface of the first nozzle featuring a section converging towards an outlet hole, the nebulizer featuring a second nozzle supplied with oil and feeding out into the first chamber so that the oil is suctioned via the second nozzle because of the air flowing through the first chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for discharging the pressure in a fuel supply rail of an injection system of an engine, the fuel injection rail connected to a fuel tank by piezo-electric injectors, each including a needle and a piezo-electric actuator pressing on a servo valve of the injector. The injection system includes a fuel pressure sensor and an electrical generator transmitting electric current pulses to each actuator. When the accelerator is released, a first electrical command allows determination of a moment of opening of the respective servo valve without triggering an injection. A second electrical command triggers a discharge of fuel from the fuel supply rail to the tank and therefore to discharge the pressure of the supply rail without triggering an injection. The second electrical command charges the piezo-electric actuator between a first voltage level that opens the servo valve, and a second voltage level triggering an injection.

Abstract: In a case where an engine is started based on a remote operation, a limitation condition for limiting an engine start is tightened or a stop condition after the engine is started is relaxed, as compared to a case where the engine is started based on a switch operation in an occupant cabin. That is, it is difficult to start the engine when the engine is started based on the remote operation, and it is easy to stop the engine when the engine is started based on the remote operation. As a result, it is possible to take more appropriate measures when the engine is started based on the remote operation.

Abstract: An exhaust control system for a vehicle includes a temperature sensor positioned downstream of an exhaust burner and upstream of an SCR catalyst in an exhaust system. The temperature sensor is configured to generate a measurement signal indicative a temperature of exhaust flowing through the exhaust system at an outlet of a DPF positioned downstream of the exhaust burner. An exhaust control module is configured to turn the exhaust burner on to heat the exhaust, monitor the temperature of the exhaust based on the measurement signal, subsequent to turning the exhaust burner on, turn the exhaust burner off based on an upper threshold temperature of the exhaust, and, subsequent to turning the exhaust burner off, turn the exhaust burner on based on a lower threshold temperature of the exhaust. The lower threshold temperature is less than the upper threshold temperature.

Abstract: Estimating a fuel consumption includes receiving a request for estimating the fuel consumption between a first time and a second time; estimating a first fuel consumption value in a first time interval using fuel-sender resistance data; estimating a second fuel consumption value in a second time interval using fuel-injected mass data, where the first time interval and the second time interval are consecutive, non-overlapping intervals; and combining at least the first fuel consumption value and the second fuel consumption value to obtain a fuel consumption value.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention are directed to systems and apparatuses for efficiently burning fuels. According to one aspect of the invention, apparatus for efficiently burning hydrocarbons includes a housing having a first opening for receiving a fuel, a second opening for expelling the fuel, and a tubular passageway extending between the first opening and the second opening. The tubular passageway includes a central region and an outer region surrounding the central region. The apparatus also includes a plurality of magnets disposed within the passageway. Each of the magnets has a spherical or an ovoid shape. The plurality of magnets define void spaces for passing the fuel such that a central flow rate of the fuel in the central region of the passageway is equivalent to the an outer flow rate of the fuel in an outer region of the passageway.

Abstract: A vehicle, a vehicle fuel reactant leak detection system, a computer program product, and a computer implemented method of detecting leakage of a fuel reactant from a vehicle. The vehicle includes one or more fuel cell modules, a fuel supply source to supply a fuel reactant to the one or more fuel cell modules via a high-pressure fuel supply line, a fuel supply valve configured to open and close fuel reactant flow through the high-pressure fuel supply line, and a computing device, operatively connected to the fuel supply source. The computing device includes one or more processors caused to conduct, in response to a detection as sensor data of pressure in the high-pressure fuel supply line when the vehicle engine is in a non-operating state, fuel pressure analysis of the sensor data, and detect, based on the fuel pressure analysis, leakage of the fuel reactant at the fuel supply valve.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle includes an output shaft and a spring element which can rotate with the output shaft which is to be tensioned as a result of a deactivation of the internal combustion engine by a rotation of the output shaft, where a spring force can be provided by the spring element and where by the spring force the output shaft can be set into rotation in the event of a start following the deactivation. Via a locking device the output shaft is to be secured against a rotation after tensioning the spring element and while the spring element is tensioned. A blocking device can be shifted between a blocking state securing a first part of the spring element, which has a second part non-rotationally connected to the output shaft, against a rotation and a release state releasing the first part for a rotation.