Abstract: A DC electric arc furnace has an electric connector for a melt in the furnace's hearth in the form of an elongated metal conductor having a refractory enclosure exposing an inner end of the conductor for contact with and incidental melting by the melt, the refractory enclosure being formed by a projection of the hearth's lining extending from the inside of the hearth to beyond the hearth's outside with a metal shell enclosing the hearth's projection on the outside of the hearth.

Abstract: Improved migration imaging techniques and apparatus utilizing a mixture of multicolor electrophotosensitive particles are achieved by exposure of the mixture, between electrodes which create a migration-inducing field, sequentially to the color separation components of the original image to be reproduced. Certain disclosed embodiments utilize exposure at spatially separated color sub-zones within an overall imaging zone to effect migration in controlled sequence, by particle type.

Abstract: An electric arc furnace has a body mounted on a pivotable platform and electrodes which extend through a furnace cover. A gantry supports the cover and electrode and is mounted on a rail for swinging movement onto and off of the platform to move the cover and electrodes from above the furnace body to a remote position. A pair of support columns are mounted below the edge of the platform over which the gantry moves and each column is pivotal into and out of a vertical supporting position to permit the platform to pivot. Shock absorbers limit pivotal movement of the platform in each direction and cushion engagement between the platform and the columns.

Abstract: An electric arc heating vacuum apparatus for treating a workpiece of an electrically conducting material comprises an evacuated chamber, an electrically conducting support means on which the workpiece is mounted within said chamber, and a hollow hot cathode composed of a preset number of rods of a thermionic alloy. The rods, forming the hollow hot cathode, are affixed to an electrically conducting cathode support, which is connected to the negative terminal of a D.C. power source, the positive terminal of the same source being connected to the electrically conducting support means on which is mounted the workpiece being treated. This arrangement, provided the inert gas is fed into the cathode inner space between the hollow hot cathode and the workpiece being treated, causes an electric arc to initiate. Once started, the electric arc is sustained to provide heating of the workpiece being treated.The invention drastically cuts down the costs involved in manufacturing a hollow hot cathode.

Abstract: The method of forming a self-baking electrode consists of filling an electrode mass under pressure into a permanent current-carrying shell during melting in an electric furnace. The electrode mass is fed, according to the invention, in compliance with data obtained by continuous measuring of the temperature of the electrode being formed at several points along its height and in its cross-section, at a rate which is proportional to that of the electrode coking, shifting and burning-off.The device for realizing said method, comprises a charge-loading passage which is made in the form of a pipe, a permanent current-carrying mould communicating with a mass-feeding passage having presses fitted over it, an electrode drive mechanism and thermoelements for measuring the temperature of an electrode being shaped.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is proposed a feed system for a plasma-arc furnace wherein an electrode with an axial opening is used as the low-temperature plasma generating means. The feed system comprises a gas conduit, in the form of an individual water-cooled member, a current-conducting element mounted within a shell and secured to a flange which includes a duct for the delivery of gas, a duct for feeding flux, and a duct for supplying water. The flange has secured to it the shell. A flux delivery means and a bus for power supply are also included. The herein proposed feed system makes it possible to assure stable operating conditions of a plasma-arc furnace, enhance its efficiency, reduce power losses and decrease expenses involved in the remelting of metals and alloys.

Abstract: Disclosed is a furnace wall structure which is placed in opposed relation with electrodes of a electric arc furnace and is made of copper or copper alloy in order to ensure a long service life, improved safety and a minimum thermal loss and in which a front plate which defines a heat-receiving surface exposed within the furnace is cooled by the forced circulation of cooling water.

Abstract: An improved device for distributing and stirring the contents of a furnace having a plurality of vertically disposed electrodes, said improved device including a circular track disposed adjacent the upper periphery of said furnace, a first transport carriage, motor means for moving said first transport carriage, an elongated non-circular trackway supported by said first transport carriage, a second transport carriage, a non-circular trackway, means to move said second transport carriage back and forth, a furnace contents working device connected to said second transport carriage, and means to vary the angular disposition of said furnace contents working device.

Abstract: This invention provides a composite electrode having a metallic, water cooled upper portion and a consumable lower portion. The portions are secured together, and the upper one includes conduit means within it to permit cooling water or other liquid to move along a path which brings the cooling liquid into intimate contact with substantially all of the inside surface of the outer wall defining the periphery of the upper portion.

Abstract: A method for preheating metallurgical enclosures having refractory linings which after preheating are exposed to the heat of molten metal, is effected by forming an electric open arc producing arc radiation at a location inside of such an enclosure exposing its lining directly to the arc radiation.

Abstract: Melting furnace, especially an arc melting furnace, in which the furnace wall contains at least one water cooling box welded of steel plate and disposed above the melt level, whose surface facing the furnace interior is provided with projections which facilitate the adhesion of a refractory protective layer formed on this surface, wherein the wall of the water cooling box, which faces the furnace interior, has a thickness of at least 15 mm, the projections are formed of profile irons, and a refractory composition applied beforehand serves as the refractory protective layer.

Abstract: A shaped body or structure of carbon, in particular a carbon electrode, preferably having a largely round cross-section and being provided in its surface with at least one slot extending in a generally longitudinal direction and extending to the inside of the structure. The slot is filled by a refractory filler material that substantially reduces the oxidation of the slot walls during operation of the electrode and which allows for variations of the slot width where a temperature gradient develops within the electrode cross-section because of temperature changes occurring during operation in an electric arc-furnace. The filler material is adapted as to its physical and chemical properties of the electrode material and is anchored within the slot.

Abstract: An apparatus for collecting shellfish and the like comprises a first fence anchored in the ground to enclose a collection area, said fence comprising wall sections of a height to be scaled by shellfish, each of said wall sections having exposed on only the inner surface thereof a pair of vertically spaced conductors spaced less than the length of the shellfish and so as to be in the advancing path of the shellfish scaling the wall section from the inner side thereof. Means are provided for applying intermittent voltage pulses continuously to the conductors which pulses are spaced apart a time interval less than the time required for the shellfish to span the space therebetween.

Abstract: A keyboard switch is actuated by the depression of a magnetized plunger into the region of a magnetic sensing device positioned at the lower extreme of plunger travel. The plunger is integrally formed of a plastic, magnetizable material and has a central, longitudinal opening that receives and registers with the sensor. The change in magnetic field intensity associated with plunger travel is detected by the sensor and translated into a signal representative of switch actuation.

Abstract: An air tight sleeve is adapted to be moved between an inoperative position to an operative position wherein it extends between the top of a crucible of an electro-slag melting furnace and the bottom of a furnace head. A seat is formed between the top of the crucible and the bottom of the sleeve and the top of the sleeve and the bottom of the furnace head so that the space between the furnace head and the crucible is air tight. A vacuum pump or similar device controls the atmosphere within the space surrounded by the sleeve.

Abstract: A high temperature furnace particularly adapted for fusing crystalline silica includes a housing defining a heating chamber that receives electrically conductive elements with insulators positioned therebetween to establish an electrical flow path for heating the chamber. Resilient gas cylinders located externally of the housing bias graphite connecting rods that extend into the heating chamber to compress and position the conductive elements and the insulators therebetween while allowing expansion thereof during heating of the chamber. Graphite wall panels preferably define the housing heating chamber and have interlocking edges that position the panels relative to each other. Cooperable pairs of resilient gas cylinders at longitudinal ends of the furnace housing compress the wall panels to maintain the edges thereof in their interlocking relationship while permitting expansion during heating of the chamber.

Abstract: A solid state electrical component is packaged within a housing and after connection to a terminal board is potted by an encapsulating medium. The solid state electrical component includes a chip area and a plurality of terminals connected to the chip. These terminals are connected to a terminal board which provides support for additional terminal members which extend from the housing and adapted for connection in an electrical circuit. The housing and device are supported by a frame serving as a heat sink.

Abstract: An elongated tubular member extends downwardly into the annular space between a consumable electrode and the crucible of an electroslag furnace. The tubular member guides pre-melted starting flux downwardly through the annular space to the bottom of the crucible while preventing the flux from contacting the inside walls of the crucible or the electrode.

Abstract: Electron beam vaporizer having a beam generator with a heated cathode, focusing means and electromagnetic deflection means for the deflection and guidance of the beam. An exchangeable, fluid-cooled and preferably rotatable vaporizing crucible associated with the beam generator and having at least one depression in the base thereof for at least one substance to be vaporized. The crucible has passages for the flow of a coolant beneath the depression and the base of the vaporizing crucible is constructed as separate components having a common contact surface so that a removable crucible head is formed. The crucible base is closed off from its environment with regard to the flow passages.

Abstract: A lamp assembly, such as an indicator type, has a main body detachably securable to an associated support, as, for example, an instrument panel of a related vehicle, with such body enabling the easy connection thereto of an associated bulb socket structure as well as a related lens; such body further enabling the removal and replacement of the bulb from either end of the body.