Abstract: A cascode type transistor amplifier circuit having an improved signal-to-noise ratio characteristic, wherein a parallel circuit which consists of a resistance of comparatively large value and a diode is disposed on the emitter side of one of a pair of differential transistors and wherein a variable absorption current circuit is disposed on the emitter side of a grounded-emitter amplifying transistor, the absorption current of the variable absorption current circuit being controlled so as to decrease with increase in the input signal level.

Abstract: A current measuring device for measuring a current flowing in a conductor by inductive coupling to the conductor, the device having an E-shaped core of magnetic material and a slidable bar normally spaced by an air gap from one outer leg and being slidably movable away from this outer leg to permit the insertion of the conductor being measured. Two pairs of windings are placed on the other outer leg. One winding in each pair is alternately energized under the control of a transistor oscillator network, the other winding in each pair being used to supply feedback voltages to cause deenergization of the transistor then conducting. Each transistor has in series therewith a second transistor to minimize clipping of the voltage peaks. The output of the windings is applied to the input of a further transistor, the output of which is in turn applied to a current measuring device.

Abstract: The tubular ceramic discharge vessel of electric discharge lamps is sealed according to the invention with a cylindrical and an annular ceramic moulding between which a tubular current leadthrough member is accommodated consisting of tungsten, molybdenum, rhenium or alloys thereof. The current leadthrough member is connected in a vacuum-tight manner to the two ceramic mouldings by means of sealing ceramic.

Abstract: There is described a triggered sweep oscilloscope for television service use employing sync pulse triggered internal sweep circuits selected by push buttons on the front panel of the instrument.

Abstract: An apparatus for identifying particles such as cells in a liquid suspension includes a particle scanning device containing a suspension of the particles. The suspension moves in a stream through a sensing zone in the device, which, for example, may be a Coulter type particle detector, and out of the sensing device to a waste receptacle. As each particle in the suspension passes through the sensing zone, it will produce a particle pulse whose measurements represent at least one physical characteristic of the particle. A particle collecting substrate is positioned adjacent the stream departing the scanning device. A counting device, coupled to the scanning device and the substrate, operates only in response to the particle pulse for each sensed particle selected to develop a particular count signal and to direct the stream and the selected particle therein to a particular location on the substrate corresponding to the particular counting signal.

Abstract: An electron-gun for cathode-ray tubes comprising, by comparison with prior art guns, at least one supplementary electrode (6) of the diaphragm type, arranged between the accelerator grid (3) and the anode (4) of such gun, and placed at a positive potential lower than that of said anode, forming with the entry of said anode a second condenser lens influencing the electron-beam (F) to produce a second cross-over (C.sub.2) and utilisable in particular for multicolor cathode-ray tubes.

Abstract: An improved high-pressure sodium-vapor discharge lamp of the type having an internal starting aid wherein the starting aid comprises an auxiliary electrode formed of a long resistive spiral made of a refractory metal having an electrical resistance range from a few ohms to a few thousand ohms.

Abstract: A delayed latch strobe generator for a display on a monitor used to service digital logic systems wherein time-based or event-based latch strobes are generated. A device on the monitor can be pre-set by a user to select the interval between the system latch strobe and the delayed latch strobe. When the normal latch strobe occurs, a binary counter is enabled. This counter is then incremented by system clock pulses. An exclusive-NOR comparator continually compares the counter contents with the setting of the user-controlled device. A match, which indicates the interval has elapsed, results in the generation of a delayed latch strobe which is applied to the display.

Abstract: A surface-discharge igniter having concentric electrodes includes a gap at its operative tip which separates one of the electrodes from the exposed semiconductive surface of a semiconductive pellet that is interposed concentrically with the two electrodes. The said one electrode, which may be either the inner or outer electrode, is connected electrically to the pellet at the bottom of the gap away from the operative tip, whereas the other electrode makes contact with the pellet at, and in the region of, the exposed surface but is otherwise insulated electrically from it. Where the gap separates the inner electrode from the semiconductive surface then the outer electrode may be flared inwardly to establish its electrical connection with that surface. On the other hand, where the gap separates the outer electrode from the semiconductive surface the inner electrode may be flared outwardly, or provided with a cap that extends outwardly across the surface, to establish the connection with it.

Abstract: A multipole magnetic well for plasma confinement includes a plurality of current-carrying coils placed on planes corresponding to the facets of a regular polyhedron that can be symmetrically circumscribed about a sphere. The direction of current in the coils is such as to minimize the flux density at the center of the polyhedron, thereby providing a confinement well with three-dimensional symmetry having an increasing flux density in all directions from the center.

Abstract: A combination speedometer/odometer apparatus for displaying either the speed of a vehicle or the distance a vehicle has traveled, and including a speed pick-up attached to the vehicle for developing a first voltage signal having voltage spikes occurring at a frequency proportional to the speed of the vehicle; a pulse generator which develops a voltage pulse in response to each spike, the pulses having a predetermined duration; a signal generator controlled by the voltage pulses which develops a speed signal and a distance signal both having bursts of high-frequency signal, the number of bursts in the speed signal being proportional to the speed of the vehicle and the number of bursts in the distance signal being proportional to the total distance the vehicle has traveled; a first counter for counting the cycles of the speed signal, the counter initiating its count in response to a reset signal; a synchronizer for developing the reset signal a predetermined period of time after the occurrence of one of the vol

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring and displaying the sag and surge voltage values of an AC power supply. Two inputs are attenuated, filtered and the peak difference is converted to a binary number by an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter. A digital comparator compares these conversions with the values stored in a maximum and minimum register. If the output of the A/D is larger than the contents of the maximum register, the previous maximum register's contents are replaced by the A/D output. If the output of the A/D is smaller than the contents of the minimum register, the previous minimum register's contents are replaced by the A/D output. Dual light emitting diode displays provide a numerical readout of the contents of the maximum and minimum registers.

Abstract: A tachometer for measuring and comparing the angular velocity of a first and a second wheel of a vehicle includes means for sensing and generating a train of pulses for each of the wheels wherein the repetition rates of the pulse train varies in proportion to the angular velocity of the wheel. For each of the wheels a frequency doubler is provided for doubling the repetition rate of the pulse train of the varying repetition rates having pulses of the same pulse width and amplitude. For each wheel the frequency doubled pulse train is then integrated to provide a DC output. The two DC outputs for the two wheels are then compared, selected and applied to corresponding output terminals of the tachometer.

Abstract: An amplifier circuit including provision for detecting non-linear circuit operation caused by the application of input signals that exceed either the amplifier dynamic range or the amplifier slewing capability is disclosed. The amplifier circuit includes the cascaded combination of a voltage amplifier stage, a voltage-to-current converter stage, a current limiter stage and an output stage. A first signal, obtained at the junction between a capacitor and resistor that are series connected between the signal common or ground potential and the input terminal to the output stage, is compared with a second signal obtained at the input terminal of the voltage to current converter stage. When the amplifier circuit is operating within the linear region these two signals are of equal magnitude or exhibit some other known relationship to one another.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine performance analyzer is described for providing a numerical value representing certain operating characteristics such as spark plug ionization voltage, points closed voltage drop, alternator ripple output voltage and voltage drop across the starter during cranking. Simple connections to the engine provide the necessary signals to the solid state electronic analyzer. The analyzer includes appropriate switches, converters and a cylinder identification circuit in the form of a ring counter for enabling the several parameters to be conveniently measured and displayed in a digital format.

Abstract: In a recording system or the like including two, left and right, channels, an automatic gain control circuit for ensuring that the characteristics of the two channels always be substantially equal to each other, wherein a variable impedance circuit comprising at least one transistor is provided in association with each of the foregoing channels; a correcting variable resistor is connected between the bases of the transistors; and a control signal source is provided which has one terminal thereof connected to the movable contact of the correcting variable resistor, the other terminal of the control signal source being grounded and connected across the correcting variable resistors through shunt resistors.

Abstract: A frequency tunable microwave apparatus including a semiconductor TRAPATT diode generating a microwave signal at its fundamental, second and third harmonic frequencies. Energy is extracted at the second harmonic frequency and a certain impedance loading is provided at the fundamental frequency and third harmonic by a variable impedance hybrid idler circuit. The hybrid idler circuit comprises a distributed transmission line serially connected to a lumped variable capacitor. Variations in the capacitance of the variable capacitor tune the fundamental frequency without substantially varying the impedance loading conditions of the diode allowing energy to be extracted at the second harmonic frequency throughout the tunable frequency range.

Abstract: An improved magnetometer for measuring the magnetic moment of a sample. Signals representative of magnetic moment are provided in known phase relation with respect to a driving signal and in phase with the motion of the sample, while spurious signals, such as produced by eddy currents are in an out-of-phase relationship with sample motion. Distortions in the measured magnetic moment due to eddy currents and other out-of-phase spurious signals are eliminated by cancellation of the out-of-phase signals through an AC feedback network.An output signal comprising the magnetic moment signal and spurious signals is applied to a phase sensitive detector whose DC output represents the amplitude of the spurious out-of-phase signal which it is sought to eliminate.

Abstract: One junction field effect transistor is connected in shunt with an operational amplifier so as to render its gain zero when no voltage is applied to its gate and another junction field effect transistor is connected so as to shunt the output of the amplifier to ground when no voltage is applied to its gate.

Abstract: A separate emitter follower type bias circuit is connected to each base electrode of a transistorized differential amplifier which handles unbalanced input signals. A series circuit of resistors is employed for supplying a suitable bias voltage common to both emitter follower type bias circuits.