Abstract: A data switch for handling packets of information; the switch includes input traffic managers, ingress routers, a memoryless cyclic switch fabric, egress routers and output traffic managers all acting under the control of a switch controller. Each ingress router includes a set of virtual output buffers one for each output traffic manager and each message priority. Each data packet or cell as it arrives is examined to identify the output traffic manager address and its message priority. The switch controller uses a first arbitration and selection process to schedule the passage of the next cell across the switch fabric which the ingress router uses a second arbitration and selection process to select the appropriate virtual output queue for use in the switch fabric transfer.

Abstract: According to the invention, signalling of the used common channels is carried out implicitly via the data rate. Several combinations of channels (spread codes) are only permitted as an alternative for particular data rates of the individual services. Transmission capacity is saved since it is not necessary to reserve individual bits inside the TFCI parameter uniquely for the allocation of said common channels to different connections. The invention is especially useful in the downlink of the FDD modus of UMTS mobile radio systems.

Abstract: An alarm collection and routing method using a multi-stage clock distribution scheme in a signaling server organized into a plurality of uniquely addressable shelves. The signaling server includes a system timing generator, one or more clock distribution modules arranged in a nested hierarchical manner, and a plurality of bus control modules, wherein each bus control module interfaces with at least a portion of line cards disposed in a shelf. The system timing generator provides a framed serial control signal, SFI, for controlling the operation of the multi-stage clock distribution scheme, which encodes the IDs of the clock distribution modules and bus control modules. Each bus control module generates a Status signal, encoding it with alarm data and line card status information. The Status signals from the bus control modules are received by the clock distribution modules connected thereto and are multiplexed into a serial TDM bitstream (EAS signal) by each clock distribution module based on its ID.

Abstract: The invention discloses a power control method for the multiple time-slot power control pattern in a CDMA system. The method pre-stores two encoded symbols which correspond to the all “1” and all “0” TPC commands respectively. Based on whether the current TPC command is identical with the last TPC command, the receiving end determines whether sending the original TPC command or the encoded TPC command. In the transmitting end, based on consistent degree of the received N TPC command data group and the encoded symbol, a corresponding power control mode is determined. The invention replaces the all “0” or all “1” TPC command with an encoded symbol, so the reliability of a TPC command is raised and the performance of power control is improved.

Abstract: A system for bidirectional communication of digital data between a central unit and a remote unit wherein the need for tracking loops in the central unit has been eliminated. The central unit transmitter generates a master carrier and a master clock signal which are used to transmit downstream data to the remote units. The remote units recover the master carrier and master clock and synchronize local oscillators in each remote unit to these master carrier and master clock signals to generate reference carrier and clock signals for use by the remote unit receiver. These reference carrier and clock signals are also used by the remote unit transmitters to transmit upstream data to the central unit. The central unit receiver detects the phase difference between the reference carrier and clock signals from the remote units periodically and adjusts the phase of the master carrier and master clock signals for use by the central unit receiver to receive the upstream data.

Abstract: There is provided a method for supporting a mobile host in a communication structure having a home agent. The mobile host is enabled to communicate with a Network Address Translation (NAT) server. A packet for the mobile host, incorporating data that includes at least an address and a port used on the mobile host, is translated by the home agent into a global address and a port used on the NAT server, respectively. The packet is sent from the home agent for modification so that the packet can be routed to the mobile host. The packet is compatible with the NAT server.

Abstract: A network system comprises an exchange for accommodating a plurality of terminals, an IP network and a connecting device. When any one of the terminals sets a call through the IP network, the exchange notifies the connecting device of a priority class corresponding to the terminal. The connecting device saves a service type corresponding to the notified priority class. The connecting device, when it transmits packets comprising data from the terminal after the call is set, sets the saved service type to the packets. Thereby, the priority control according to the set service type is performed in the IP network.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to carry out wideband DOCSIS both upstream and downstream in a point-to-multipoint environment of an HFC system using port trunking concepts. For the downstream, each CMTS has a frame distributor which distributes frames to various transmitters transmitting on downstream channels to be used to transmit downstream data simultaneously to a CM using wideband DOCSIS. The frame distributor adds sequence numbers in some embodiments to guarantee proper order of frames can be restored at the CM, and schedules transmissions according to quality of service considerations to meet guaranteed and committed portions of constant bit rate and variable bit rate flows. The CMTS sends and Extended Channel Enable (ECE) message to wideband capable CMs telling them which downstreams to enable. Each CM has a frame collector to which all frames received on various downstream channels are sent. The frame collector makes sure they are all there, puts them into the proper order and delivers them to a NI.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are disclosed for controlling the rate at which packets are sent from a first to a second component of a packet switching system. In one implementation, the first component represents an input line card to a packet switch, and the second component represents an output of the packet switch. In such a system, a state is maintained for each output at each line card. For example, these states may include an unconstrained state during which traffic is sent at a full rate to the output, an off state during which no traffic is sent to the output, and a constrained state during which traffic is sent at a reduced rate to the output. Typically, this reduced rate is proportional to the arrival rate of packets at the input line card which are destined for the output. The state of the output is changed based on received flow control information about the output and whether traffic remains queued for the output at the input line card.

Abstract: A system which provides for generation of alert packets using network interfaces. The alert packets are downloaded into a network interface, for example during a transition from an OS-present state to an OS-absent state. The alert packets are provided with control fields which, in various combinations, indicate alert conditions upon which such packets are to be transmitted, and which indicate a repetition mode for transmission of the packet after a match of the alert condition. Logic in the network interface, causes scanning in the plurality of packets downloaded into the network interface at scan intervals to identify packets having control codes matching alert signals received by the network interface. The process allows for more than one alert packet to be matched with a single alert signal during a given scan interval, and to be transmitted.

Abstract: A communications system for transferring signals from a wireless transmitter to a hub station, comprising a wireless transmitter configured to transmit a data signal using multiple sub-carriers, a plurality of base stations each configured to receive the multiple sub-carrier data signal and relay the multiple sub-carrier data signal to a hub station; and a hub station configured to receive and combine the multiple sub-carrier data signals from the plurality of base stations. The wireless transmitter may use an orthogonal frequency division modulation (OFDM) scheme to transmit portions of the data signal in parallel on multiple sub-carriers.

Abstract: The method and the apparatus for processing and forwarding data packets (pkt) in a computer network comprise at least one route table that contains entries each having an input index field (s-in), an operation code or a program (op) for the execution of an operation and an output selector field (s-out). The data packets (pkt) to be processed are each assigned a selector (sel) serving as indexing datum, the data packet (pkt) and the selector (sel) together constituting a token. The selector (sel) of a packet is matched with the input index field (s-in) of the entries of the at least one route table and the operation (op) contained in the matched route table entry or route table entries is/are executed on the matched token. This processing step can be repeated if the operation (op) results in one or more output token/tokens.

Abstract: Techniques to start the transmission of packets early at a transmitting device and to play out received packets early at a receiving device in a wireless communication system. In one method for early packet transmission, a set of data frames to be bundled in a packet is received (e.g., from a voice application). One or more headers for the packet are generated for one or more protocols in the protocol stack (which may include RTP, UDP, IP, PPP, and RLP, or variants thereof). A transmission frame suitable for transmission over the air is generated as a sufficient amount of data in the header(s) and the data frames becomes available. Transmission frames are generated prior to receiving all of the data frames to be bundled in the packet. A header may be appended to each data frame and would include pertinent information used to recover and/or process the data frame.

Abstract: A method for improving TCP throughput over lossy communication links without affecting performance over non-lossy links comprises determining lookahead-loss which is the number of lost packets in a given loss-window; using the loss-window and lookahead-loss to detect congestion in the communication links; and controlling transmission under congestion conditions and under normal conditions, wherein the controlling transmission comprises controlling a size of the loss-window by beginning in a slow-start phase; advancing to a congestion avoidance phase when a slow-start threshold is reached; entering a halt growth phase when the first level of packet loss has been recovered; returning to the congestion avoidance phase when a first level of packet recovery occurs; entering a k-recovery phase when a second level of packet loss occurs. The loss window and slow-start threshold are reduced in half and returned to the congestion avoidance phase when the second level of packet loss has been recovered.

Abstract: A method for switching between a first network element and a second network element, the first and second network elements each connected to a first network and a second network. The method may be carried out by configuring the first network element and the second network element to recognize the same data from the second network. Next, data may be readdressed so that it may be recognized by both network elements. After readdressed data are sent to the first network element and the second network element, the first network element may be disconnected from the first network and the second network element may be connected to the first network. Data may be forwarded from the second network to the first network with little or no loss during the switchover.

Abstract: A system and method have been provided for programming synchronization features of a multidimensional digital frame structure. Such a frame structure acts as a digital wrapper, and includes overhead, payload, and forward error correction (FEC) sections. Words in the overhead section are used to synchronize the frame structure. The described invention permits the value of the frame synchronization bytes (FSBs) to be made programmable, so that the system and method are flexible for changes in communication protocols. This flexibility also impacts the quantity, the location, bandwidth, and the bit error rate (BER) of the FSBs.

Abstract: An information communication scheme for enabling the radio base station to carry out both point-to-point user information communications and point-to-multipoint user information communications with respect to radio terminals is disclosed. A first media access control identifier is allocated to a radio terminal which made a connection request, a correspondence between the first media access identifier and the radio terminal is broadcast, and a user information destined to the radio terminal is transmitted using a time-slot corresponding to the first media access control identifier. On the other hand, a second media access control identifier is allocated to a multicast information identifier, a correspondence between the second media access control identifier and the multicast information identifier is transmitted, and the multicast information is transmitted using a time-slot corresonding to the second media access control identifier.

Abstract: A subscriber communication machine is provided with an off-synchronous detector detecting off-synchronization of communication with an office communication machine, a correlation processor, when the off-synchronization is detected, correlatively processing received data received over a communication line and held data having been transmitted from the office communication machine, and a resynchronization controller specifying a synchronous timing by the correlation process in the correlation processor to establish resynchronization in the communication with the office communication machine. When the subscriber communication machine cannot keep synchronization with a transmission cycle in a predetermined transmission system such as TCM in steady communication, it is possible to promptly resume the communication without the necessity for initializing all over again.

Abstract: A network (4) includes optical routers (19), which route information in fibers (10). Each fiber carries a plurality of data channels (16), carrying data in data bursts (28) and a control channel, carrying control information in burst header packets (32). A burst header packet includes routing information for an associated data burst (28) and precedes its associated data burst. Information on the data channels and control channel is organized in synchronized slots. Multiple burst header packets occupy portions of a slot, referred to as micro-slots. When the burst header packets are received, an egress processor (52) schedules the routing of their associated bursts. The egress processor (52) determines a time at which a data burst can be scheduled for passing through an optical matrix (40) to the desired output channel group (the burst can be delayed via fiber delay lines (46) if necessary).

Abstract: A wireless communication network includes a plurality of mobile nodes each including a transceiver, a phased array antenna connected to the transceiver, and a controller connected to the transceiver. The controller schedules time slots for each time frame to establish a communication link with each neighboring mobile node. An initiating mobile node transmits a request for time slots to the receiving mobile node, which transmits a reply to the initiating mobile node. The initiating mobile node transmits a confirmation to the receiving mobile node, and the receiving mobile node transmits the reply again if the confirmation is not received. Alternatively, the receiving mobile node may transmit an acknowledgment to the initiating mobile node, and the initiating mobile node transmits the confirmation again if the acknowledgment is not received.