Abstract: Durable and scratch resistant articles including an optical coating with a gradient. An article comprises: a substrate; and an optical coating having a thickness and a first gradient portion. A refractive index of the optical coating varies along a thickness of the optical coating. The difference between the maximum refractive index of the first gradient portion and the minimum refractive index of the first gradient portion is 0.1 or greater. The absolute value of the slope of the refractive index of the first gradient portion is 0.1/nm or less everywhere along the thickness of the first gradient portion. The article exhibits an average single-surface reflectance of 15% to 98% over the wavelength range 400 nm-700 nm. The article also exhibits a maximum hardness in the range from about 10 GPa to about 30 GPa.

Abstract: A diffraction device includes a ZnS member and a ZnSe member coupled to the ZnS member, and a diffraction grating is provided on the ZnSe member.

Abstract: The document discloses transferrable hyperbolic metamaterial particles (THMMP) that display broadband, selective, omnidirectional absorption and can be transferred to secondary substrates, allowing enhanced flexibility and selective transmission. A device having metamaterial nanostructures includes a substrate and metamaterial nanostructures engaged to the substrate to form an optical layer to interact with light incident to the optical layer to exhibit optical reflection or absorption or transmission that is substantially uniform over a spectral range of different optical wavelengths associated with materials and structural features of the metamaterial nanostructures, each metamaterial nanostructure including different material layers that are interleaved to form a multi-layer nanostructure.

Abstract: A microscope comprises a microscope objective, a camera and an imaging optical system for imaging an object through the objective to the camera along a first optical path. A projection optical system is provided for projecting a test image onto the object through the objective, and the imaging optical system is configured to image the projected test image from the object to the camera through the objective and along at least part of the first optical path. A focus adjustment system is provided for focusing the test image at the camera. Using the same objective and the same camera for both imaging and focusing allows reduction of the cost of the microscope in comparison with known microscopes that provide separate focusing systems.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present invention are directed to therapeutic intervention in patients with eye-length-related disorders to prevent, ameliorate, or reverse the effects of the eye-length-related disorders. Embodiments of the present invention include methods for early recognition of patients with eye-length-related disorders, therapeutic methods for inhibiting further degradation of vision in patients with eye-length-related disorders, reversing, when possible, eye-length-related disorders, and preventing eye-length-related disorders. Additional embodiments of the present invention are directed to particular devices used in therapeutic intervention in patients with eye-length-related disorders.

Abstract: An optical unit for a laser processing system includes a laser diode including a plurality of laser emitters which emit laser light, a lens unit including a plurality of lenses, a holding block having a light-transmitting property, and a light-shielding film. The holding block and the laser diode are bonded to each other with a first adhesive, and the lens unit and the holding block are bonded to each other with a second adhesive. The light-shielding film is located between the lens unit and the holding block.

Abstract: A camera module includes a support structure having an internal space, a movable body disposed in the internal space of the support structure, and a plurality of driving wires supporting the movable body in the internal space of the support structure and configured to move the movable body relative to the support structure, each of the driving wires being made of a shape-memory alloy and having one end connected to the support structure, and another end connected to the movable body. An angle between the movable body and each of the driving wire is maintained at 15.5° or less at all positions to which the movable body is movable by the driving wires.

Abstract: To make it possible to restrain generation of chipping or cracking in a substrate of a laminated lens structure. A laminated lens structure includes substrates with lens which each have a lens disposed inside a through-hole formed in the substrate and which are laminated on one another by direct bonding, in which the substrates are each provided in the vicinity of the outer circumference thereof with through grooves penetrating the substrate. The present technology is applicable, for example, to a compound eye camera module.

Abstract: An imaging optical system includes a primary reflecting mirror, a secondary reflecting mirror, a tertiary reflecting mirror, and an aperture stop. The imaging optical system has a field of view, a focal length of the field of view that is defined as FFL, and an effective aperture of a field of view entrance pupil that is defined as FEPD. The FFL and the FEPD at a central field of view are greater than that at the edge field of views, and the FFL and the FEPD change continuously.

Abstract: An optical element comprising a body having a surface, wherein the surface has a plurality of regions periodically arranged in a tessellation, and wherein each region of the plurality of regions has a random spatial distribution of microstructures is disclosed. An optical system comprises a light source; and the optical element is also disclosed. Methods of making and using the optical element and the optical system are also disclosed.

Abstract: An ophthalmic lens operable to protect the eye from harmful ultraviolet and high energy visible wavelengths of light and methods for producing the same.

Abstract: An optical coating structure applied to the surface of an object having scattering structures introduced to the basal, upper or middle layers of a multilayer reflector to cause a particular (calculated) degree of scattering, or to the surface of a black/colour pigmented object. The scattering structures are mainly sub-micron in size, and arranged in a pseudo-random or non-periodic manner. Consequently they serve only to broaden the angular range of the light reflected at the surface normal from a multilayer reflector, or to provide (actual and/or perceived) reduced reflectivity of a surface by deflecting incident light through the surface rather than away from it or by scattering otherwise beam-like (narrow-angle) reflections from a surface into a broad-angle reflection. The scattering structures can include profile elements, which are in the form of elongate bars having convexly curved sides or hemispherical rods, that are introduced to a basal layer of a multilayer reflector.

Abstract: An optical system is arranged on an object side relative to a first optical portion, the first optical portion including a plurality of lens portions each configured to form an image of an object, and a plurality of filters corresponding to the plurality of lens portions, and the optical system includes a second optical portion including an optical surface common to the plurality of lens portions, wherein the following conditional expression is satisfied: 1 2 × arctan ? { 2 × tan ? ? ? ? ? 1 - ? ? ? h ? ? 1 D ? ? 1 1 - tan ? ? ? ? ? 1 × ( tan ? ? ? ? ? 1 - ? ? ? h ? ? 1 D ? ? 1 ) } < ? ? ? 1.

Abstract: A compact, uniaxially-aligned series of lenses are shaped and coated to allow coaxial viewing of two different fields of view on the same focal-plane array by selecting a type of light. The selection can be, for example, by spectrum or polarization. Zonal coatings on the lens surfaces permit for a catadioptric narrow field-of-view light path. The lens assembly accomplishes simultaneous dual field-of-view in a durable package without respective motion of optical elements, without substantial gaps between the lenses, and at lower cost than other assemblies.

Abstract: A lens for headlamps of vehicles provided with a diffraction grating on a surface, wherein a phase function of the diffraction grating is represented by ? ? ( r ) = ? i = 1 N ? ? ? 2 ? i ? r 2 ? i where r represents distance from the central axis of the lens, and the relationship |?2|·(0.3R)2<|?4|·(0.3R)4 is satisfied where R represents effective radius of the lens, and wherein a second derivative of the phase function has at least one extreme value and at least one point of inflection where r is greater than 30% of R, a difference in spherical aberration between the maximum value and the minimum value at any value of r in 0?r?R is equal to or less than the longitudinal chromatic aberration for visible light, the diffraction grating is at least partially on the surface where r is greater than 30%, and the relationship 1 < ? ? ? ( R ) R 2 ? < 10 is satisfied.

Abstract: Eyewear is provided including a frame, and a camera connected with the frame, in which the camera is configured to be controlled by a remote controller. The camera may be configured to capture video and/or a photo. The eyewear may include data storage, and the camera may be connected to the data storage. A wrist watch may be configured to act both as a time piece and a controller of the camera. The eyewear may also include a heads up display and/or a video file player. The eyewear may also include an electro-active lens.

Abstract: An optical device is disclosed. The optical device has 1) a phase modulation layer, 2) a partially reflective layer, and 3) a phase compensation layer. When incident lights pass through the phase modulation layer, the partially reflective layer reflects and scatters the light back to the viewers. The direction and profile of the reflected light are determined by the phase modulation profile. When light passes through both the phase modulation layer and the phase compensation layer, its phase modulation is compensated to a substantially small level. Therefore, the transparent light passes through the optical device just like passing through a parallel transparent substrate without any disturbance.

Abstract: Methods and systems for projecting wave fields use a diffusing medium, a wavefront shaper, an illumination source, and a control system. A system for projecting an object wave field into a projection volume includes a wave scatterer, a wave field projector configured to project a wave field onto the wave scatterer, and a controller coupled to the wave field projector. The controller is configured to cause the wave field projector to project a wave field that, upon interacting with the wave scatterer, is redirected to form an object wave field that forms a predetermined pattern in the projection volume.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of optical lenses and provides a camera optical lens. The camera optical lens satisfies following conditions: 62.00<R7/f4<70.00; 0.10<R1/R2<0.40; and ?0.50<R3/R4<?0.30, where f4 denotes a focal length of the fourth lens; R1 denotes a curvature radius of an object side surface of the first lens; R2 denotes a curvature radius of an image side surface of the first lens; R3 denotes a curvature radius of an object side surface of the second lens; R4 denotes a curvature radius of an image side surface of the second lens; and R7 denotes a curvature radius of an object side surface of the fourth lens.

Abstract: Before an observation region of the imaging optical system reaches an observation position in a culture container, a vertical position of the culture container at the observation position is precedently detected by an auto-focus displacement sensor. In a case where an auto-focus control is performed on the basis of the position, an error between the precedently detected vertical position of the container at the observation position and a vertical position of the container at a time point when an observation region of the imaging optical system is scanned up to the observation position is acquired, and an objective lens is moved in an optical axis direction on the basis of the error.