Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for atomic single-failure non-blocking and double-failure non-blocking commitment protocols. The protocols may be used for a variety of transactions that involve two or more parties including an initiator of the transaction, a coordinator of the transaction, and one or more participants in the transaction. The participants notify the coordinator when they are prepared to commit the transaction. The coordinator then determines when to commit or abort the transaction. If the coordinator disconnects from one or more of the participants, the participants can resolve the transaction independently. Some embodiments also include a distributor that interacts with the coordinator and the participants to resolve the transaction. If one or more parties become disconnected from the coordinator or the distributor, the participants vote to determine whether to receive instructions from the coordinator or the distributor.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and products for staging a file within a distributed computing system are disclosed that include defining a topology of the network; mapping each computer to a network location in the topology of the network; selecting, in dependence upon the topology of the network and the network locations of the computers in the network, one or more servers on which to stage the file for use by clients in the network; and staging the file on the one or more selected servers. The distributed computing system includes a plurality of computers coupled for data communications through a data communications network, the distributed computing system also includes files of computer data and computer program instructions for use by the computers, the computers include clients that use the files and servers capable of functioning as staging locations for files for use by the computers in the network.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to spam filters which consider browser-generated information, such as a browser log, in determining whether an electronic message, such as an e-mail, is or is not spam.

Abstract: Provided are a method, system, and article of manufacture, wherein a plurality of resources are grouped into a plurality of groups, wherein one group may be included in another in the plurality of groups, and wherein the plurality of resources and the plurality of groups comprise items. A recursive determination is made of valid items in a group by excluding those items that have already been determined to be included in the group.

Abstract: A method for cache management includes assigning a respective cache line in a cache of a processing device to each of a plurality of processing flows in the processing device, and loading respective context data relating to each of the processing flows from a memory into the respective cache line that is assigned thereto. Respective activity levels of the processing flows are monitored. Responsively to detecting an absence of activity of a processing flow, and prior to receiving a request to overwrite the cache line, the context data are written back to the memory from the respective cache line that is assigned to the processing flow.

Abstract: A method configured to continuously receive frames from a plurality of video channels and transmit to each of a plurality of participants in a video conference individual frames containing information concerning each of the video channels. The method only transmits at any given instant new picture data for one of the participants in the video conference.

Abstract: A method of data transmission according to one embodiment of the invention includes encoding a set of data values to produce a corresponding series of ordered n-tuples. The method also includes transmitting, according to the series of ordered n-tuples, a plurality of bursts over a plurality n of frequency bands. Specifically, for each of the plurality of bursts, a frequency band occupied by the burst is indicated by the order within its n-tuple of an element corresponding to the burst. A bandwidth of at least one of the plurality of bursts is at least two percent of the center frequency of the burst. Information is encoded into an additional modulation, e.g., amplitude, width or polarization modulation, of at least one of the plurality of bursts.

Abstract: In a disclosed embodiment, a “voice noise power” is added to an aggregate voice power which is the total voice power used by all users in a cell. The voice noise power is transmitted in addition to the aggregate voice power in order to maintain the total of the aggregate voice power and voice noise power at a pre-determined voice power limit. In one embodiment, the voice power limit can be increased or decreased to further improve control over power consumption during voice and data transmission. Further, in order to maintain the power consumed by data transmission at a desired level, data noise is transmitted after transmission of a data burst, or in between data bursts, by inserting a pre-determined amount of artificial data into the gaps in data transmission. The data noise is transmitted in addition to the data bursts in order to maintain the total power consumed during data transmission at a desired level.

Abstract: A system and method for detection of rate determination algorithm errors in variable rate communications system receivers. The disclosed embodiments prevent rate determination algorithm errors from causing audible artifacts such as screeches or beeps. The disclosed system and method detects frames with incorrectly determined data rates and performs frame erasure processing and/or memory state clean up to prevent propagation of distortion across multiple frames. Frames with incorrectly determined data rates are detected by checking illegal rate transitions, reserved bits, validating unused filter type bit combinations and analyzing relationships between fixed code-book gains and linear prediction coefficient gains.

Abstract: A LAN switch has a backplane matrix in which each controller has a dedicated packet bus for propagating packet data. Each bus has a root interfacing with the transmitting (root) controller and a plurality of leaves interfacing with receiving (leaf) controllers. This configuration enables each controller to simultaneously transmit packet data on the root of a bus and receive packet data off a plurality of leaves of other buses without contention. An efficient filtering and stalling system employed at the receive side of the backplane prevents the highly parallel traffic from causing receive side congestion.

Abstract: A circuit that enables a loop-back test by adjusting phases of data and strobe signals at the input and output in an interface wherein the phase relationships between the data and the strobe signal for sampling the data are different between the input and output. In order to test a phase shift circuit 30 and a sampling circuit 40 on the input side, DQ and DQS are outputted with their phases aligned by a phase shift circuit 20 on the output side, DQ and DQS having the same phase are fed to input buffers 16 and 17, respectively, from output buffers 14 and 15, the phase of DQS is shifted by 90 degrees by phase shift circuit 30, and DQ is sampled by sampling circuit 40.

Abstract: Digital signal processing resource allocation using a credit prediction scheme is described. The digital signal processing allocation method may include predicting a digital signal processor (DSP) codec that could be requested by a channel at a channel setup stage when a requested codec is unknown; and selecting a DSP having the codec from among a plurality of DSPs to open the channel based on the predicting.

Abstract: A master-slave communication system for a communication switch is provided. The system comprises a master controller generating commands and receiving status signals and slave devices associated with the master controller. Each slave receives commands, executes local commands responsive to the commands and generates status signals for the master controller. Each slave has a communication arrangement for signals transmitted between it and the master controller. The arrangement comprises a communication controller associated with the master controller. The communication controller receives commands, transmits commands to each slave, receives status signals and provides information relating to the status signals to the master controller; also the controller has a communication link which transmits commands to each slave and the status signals to the controller. The system allows local commands executed by the slaves to replace other commands directed by the master controller to the slave.

Abstract: A telephone apparatus connectable to a computer network through a telephone network to transmit data including audio signals via a server of said computer network includes: a first telephone set including a first audio input/output means for converting input voice into a digital audio signal and for converting a digital audio signal into output voice, and a first CPU that executes process for connecting the first telephone set to the server and process for compressing or expanding the digital audio signal; a second telephone set including a second audio input/output means for converting input voice into a digital audio signal and for converting a digital audio signal into output voice, and a second CPU that executes process for connecting the first telephone set to the server and process for compressing or expanding the digital audio signal; and connection control means connected between the telephone network and the first and second CPUs to enable the first and second CPUs to transmit the data.

Abstract: In a data communication network (SYS) a first and second network site (BSS), (MS) communicate by sending a first data transmission (DT1) from the first network site (BSS) to a second network site (MS) and by sending a second data transmission (DT2) from said second network site (MS) to said first network site (BSS). In accordance with the invention data transmission characteristics (DTC1) of said first data transmission (DT1) are determined and radio resources for said data transmission (DT2) are allocated based on the determined first data transmission characteristics (DTC1). Thus, the radio resources for the second data transmission (DT2) are correlated with characteristics of the first data transmission (DT1) and thus delays in the data transmission between the first and second network site (BSS, MS) can be avoided.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus that reduce the burden on routers by removing the aggregation and physical Wide Area Network (WAN) interface functions from the router are provided. The aggregation and physical Wide Area Network interface transparently forwards traffic and routing information to and from the WAN without becoming a router. The disclosed forwarding technique and apparatus is applicable to IP protocol as well as other protocols. As provided, the routing device is connected to a forwarding device via the Local Area Network (LAN) and the IP Multiplexer forwards data packets to one or more physical WAN links.

Abstract: A mechanism for use with a bus provided from parallel, capacitively-coupled bus lines to restrict a number of possible transitions on the bus to a number that is smaller than the maximum number of possible transitions so that data transmissions on the bus occur at a transmission rate which is higher than the transmission rate allowable if the number of transitions had not been restricted.

Abstract: A set-up scheme for a cut-through connection in a network system capable of realizing a high throughput, low latency internetwork communication efficiently under an internet environment. A network node checks source/destination information of the transport layer and/or a source/destination information of the network layer of a received packet, and if the checked information satisfies a prescribed condition, determines the packet to be a trigger. Then, the network node instructs another node capable of initiating a set-up operation, which may be the network node itself, to initiate the set-up of the cut-through connection for traffic corresponding to the trigger packet.

Abstract: A switch, switched architecture and process for transferring data through an FCAL switch is disclosed. The switch uses multiple switch control circuits each coupled to one FCAL network and all connected to a crossbar switch. The switch control circuits are coupled together by a protocol bus for coordination purposes. Local conversations can occur on each FCAL loop and crossing conversations through the switch can occur concurrently. The OPN primitive is used to establish the connection before any data is transferred thereby eliminating the need for buffer memory in the switch control circuits. The destination address of each OPN is used to address a lookup table in each switch control circuit to determine if the destination node is local. If not, the destination is looked up and a connection request made on the protocol bus. If the remote port is not busy, it sends a reply which, causes both ports to establish a data path through the backplane crossbar switch.

Abstract: A packet routing apparatus has a routing information table comprised of a plurality of sub-tables. Each sub-table includes an entry of a first format indicative of routing information, and at least one of the sub-tables includes, in addition to the entry of the first format, an entry of a second format for designating another sub-table to be referred to. A routing processor of the packet routing apparatus refers to a sub-table designated by an input line interface. As a result, when the entry of the second format is retrieved, the routing processor executes routing of an input packet and header conversion by referring to another sub-table designated by the entry.